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Revised introduction to Numerical Integration methods.
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Tom Malone committed Feb 22, 2016
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"source": [
"# Approximate Integration\n",
"\n",
"In some cases, it is impossible to find the exact value of a definite integral. In fact, the majority of functions in the real world have closed-form antiderivatives—that is, very few functions in the real world are composed of combinations of function families we have studied—algebraic functions, trigonometric functions, exponential functions, etc.\n",
"<p class='lead'>As beautiful &amp; efficient as the <em>Fundamental Theorem of Calculus</em> is, anyone interested in applying the tools of the calculus to real-world problems (scientists &amp; engineers, for example) will quickly find that additional tools are needed.</p>\n",
"\n",
"That is because, in some cases, it is impossible to find the exact value of a definite integral. In fact, _the majority of functions in the real world_ do not have closed-form antiderivatives&mdash;that is, very few functions in the real world are composed of _elemental functions_&mdash;combinations of function families we have studied, such as algebraic functions, trigonometric functions, and exponential functions.\n",
"\n",
"Fortunately, there is a viable alternative to using the Fundamental Theorem of Calculus to find definite integrals. \n",
"\n",
"You can _approximate_ definite integrals using simple, arithmetic methods similar to __Riemann Sums.__\n",
"\n",
"Essentially, these methods provide approximate values of the area under a curve between two endpoints (the limits of integration).\n",
"\n",
"#### Examples\n",
"These functions cannot be integrated using the techniques of integration we've learned:\n",
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10 changes: 9 additions & 1 deletion 07_Integration_Techniques/Approximate_Integration.ipynb
Original file line number Diff line number Diff line change
Expand Up @@ -6,7 +6,15 @@
"source": [
"# Approximate Integration\n",
"\n",
"In some cases, it is impossible to find the exact value of a definite integral. In fact, the majority of functions in the real world have closed-form antiderivatives&mdash;that is, very few functions in the real world are composed of combinations of function families we have studied&mdash;algebraic functions, trigonometric functions, exponential functions, etc.\n",
"<p class='lead'>As beautiful &amp; efficient as the <em>Fundamental Theorem of Calculus</em> is, anyone interested in applying the tools of the calculus to real-world problems (scientists &amp; engineers, for example) will quickly find that additional tools are needed.</p>\n",
"\n",
"That is because, in some cases, it is impossible to find the exact value of a definite integral. In fact, _the majority of functions in the real world_ do not have closed-form antiderivatives&mdash;that is, very few functions in the real world are composed of _elemental functions_&mdash;combinations of function families we have studied, such as algebraic functions, trigonometric functions, and exponential functions.\n",
"\n",
"Fortunately, there is a viable alternative to using the Fundamental Theorem of Calculus to find definite integrals. \n",
"\n",
"You can _approximate_ definite integrals using simple, arithmetic methods similar to __Riemann Sums.__\n",
"\n",
"Essentially, these methods provide approximate values of the area under a curve between two endpoints (the limits of integration).\n",
"\n",
"#### Examples\n",
"These functions cannot be integrated using the techniques of integration we've learned:\n",
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