Handle decoding of input in html5ever

html5ever/Cargo.toml

@@ -13,13 +13,16 @@ readme = "../README.md"
 rust-version.workspace = true
 
 [features]
+default = ["encoding"]
 trace_tokenizer = []
+encoding = ["dep:encoding_rs", "markup5ever/encoding"]
 
 [dependencies]
 log = "0.4"
 mac = "0.1"
 markup5ever = { version = "0.16", path = "../markup5ever" }
 match_token = { workspace = true }
+encoding_rs = { version = "0.8", optional = true }
 
 [dev-dependencies]
 criterion = "0.5"

html5ever/examples/noop-tokenize.rs

@@ -15,7 +15,8 @@ use std::cell::RefCell;
 use std::io;
 
 use html5ever::tendril::*;
-use html5ever::tokenizer::{BufferQueue, Token, TokenSink, TokenSinkResult, Tokenizer};
+use html5ever::tokenizer::{Token, TokenSink, TokenSinkResult, Tokenizer};
+use markup5ever::buffer_queue::BufferQueue;
 
 /// In our case, our sink only contains a tokens vector
 struct Sink(RefCell<Vec<Token>>);

html5ever/examples/tokenize.rs

@@ -13,11 +13,11 @@ use std::cell::Cell;
 use std::io;
 
 use html5ever::tendril::*;
-use html5ever::tokenizer::BufferQueue;
 use html5ever::tokenizer::{CharacterTokens, EndTag, NullCharacterToken, StartTag, TagToken};
 use html5ever::tokenizer::{
     ParseError, Token, TokenSink, TokenSinkResult, Tokenizer, TokenizerOpts,
 };
+use markup5ever::buffer_queue::BufferQueue;
 
 #[derive(Clone)]
 struct TokenPrinter {

html5ever/src/tokenizer/char_ref/mod.rs

@@ -8,12 +8,12 @@
 // except according to those terms.
 
 use super::{TokenSink, Tokenizer};
-use crate::buffer_queue::BufferQueue;
 use crate::data;
 use crate::tendril::StrTendril;
 
 use log::debug;
 use mac::format_if;
+use markup5ever::buffer_queue::BufferQueue;
 use std::borrow::Cow::Borrowed;
 use std::char::from_u32;
 

html5ever/src/tokenizer/interface.rs

@@ -77,6 +77,8 @@ pub enum TokenSinkResult<Handle> {
     Script(Handle),
     Plaintext,
     RawData(states::RawKind),
+    #[cfg(feature = "encoding")]
+    MaybeChangeEncodingAndStartOver(&'static encoding_rs::Encoding),
 }
 
 /// Types which can receive tokens from the tokenizer.

html5ever/src/tokenizer/mod.rs

@@ -22,16 +22,18 @@ use self::states::{Rawtext, Rcdata, ScriptData, ScriptDataEscaped};
 use self::char_ref::{CharRef, CharRefTokenizer};
 
 use crate::util::str::lower_ascii_letter;
-
 use log::{debug, trace};
 use mac::format_if;
-use markup5ever::{namespace_url, ns, small_char_set, TokenizerResult};
+use markup5ever::{
+    buffer_queue::BufferQueue, namespace_url, ns, small_char_set, InputSink, InputSinkResult,
+    TokenizerResult,
+};
 use std::borrow::Cow::{self, Borrowed};
 use std::cell::{Cell, RefCell, RefMut};
 use std::collections::BTreeMap;
-use std::mem;
+use std::{iter, mem};
 
-pub use crate::buffer_queue::{BufferQueue, FromSet, NotFromSet, SetResult};
+pub use crate::buffer_queue::{FromSet, NotFromSet, SetResult};
 use crate::tendril::StrTendril;
 use crate::{Attribute, LocalName, QualName, SmallCharSet};
 
@@ -43,6 +45,8 @@ pub enum ProcessResult<Handle> {
     Continue,
     Suspend,
     Script(Handle),
+    #[cfg(feature = "encoding")]
+    MaybeChangeEncodingAndStartOver(&'static encoding_rs::Encoding),
 }
 
 fn option_push(opt_str: &mut Option<StrTendril>, c: char) {
@@ -357,6 +361,10 @@ impl<Sink: TokenSink> Tokenizer<Sink> {
                     ProcessResult::Continue => (),
                     ProcessResult::Suspend => break,
                     ProcessResult::Script(node) => return TokenizerResult::Script(node),
+                    #[cfg(feature = "encoding")]
+                    ProcessResult::MaybeChangeEncodingAndStartOver(encoding) => {
+                        return TokenizerResult::MaybeChangeEncodingAndStartOver(encoding)
+                    },
                 }
             }
         } else {
@@ -365,6 +373,10 @@ impl<Sink: TokenSink> Tokenizer<Sink> {
                     ProcessResult::Continue => (),
                     ProcessResult::Suspend => break,
                     ProcessResult::Script(node) => return TokenizerResult::Script(node),
+                    #[cfg(feature = "encoding")]
+                    ProcessResult::MaybeChangeEncodingAndStartOver(encoding) => {
+                        return TokenizerResult::MaybeChangeEncodingAndStartOver(encoding)
+                    },
                 }
             }
         }
@@ -445,6 +457,10 @@ impl<Sink: TokenSink> Tokenizer<Sink> {
                 self.state.set(states::RawData(kind));
                 ProcessResult::Continue
             },
+            #[cfg(feature = "encoding")]
+            TokenSinkResult::MaybeChangeEncodingAndStartOver(encoding) => {
+                ProcessResult::MaybeChangeEncodingAndStartOver(encoding)
+            },
         }
     }
 
@@ -1448,6 +1464,8 @@ impl<Sink: TokenSink> Tokenizer<Sink> {
                 ProcessResult::Continue => (),
                 ProcessResult::Suspend => break,
                 ProcessResult::Script(_) => unreachable!(),
+                #[cfg(feature = "encoding")]
+                ProcessResult::MaybeChangeEncodingAndStartOver(_) => unreachable!(),
             }
         }
 
@@ -1575,13 +1593,24 @@ impl<Sink: TokenSink> Tokenizer<Sink> {
     }
 }
 
+impl<Sink> InputSink for Tokenizer<Sink>
+where
+    Sink: TokenSink,
+{
+    type Handle = Sink::Handle;
+
+    fn feed<'a>(&'a self, input: &'a BufferQueue) -> impl Iterator<Item = InputSinkResult<Self::Handle>> + 'a {
+        iter::from_fn(|| self.feed(input).into())
+    }
+}
+
 #[cfg(test)]
 #[allow(non_snake_case)]
 mod test {
     use super::option_push; // private items
-    use crate::tendril::{SliceExt, StrTendril};
-
     use super::{TokenSink, TokenSinkResult, Tokenizer, TokenizerOpts};
+    use crate::tendril::{SliceExt, StrTendril};
+    use crate::LocalName;
 
     use super::interface::{CharacterTokens, EOFToken, NullCharacterToken, ParseError};
     use super::interface::{EndTag, StartTag, Tag, TagKind};
@@ -1590,8 +1619,6 @@ mod test {
     use markup5ever::buffer_queue::BufferQueue;
     use std::cell::RefCell;
 
-    use crate::LocalName;
-
     // LinesMatch implements the TokenSink trait. It is used for testing to see
     // if current_line is being updated when process_token is called. The lines
     // vector is a collection of the line numbers that each token is on.

html5ever/src/tree_builder/mod.rs

@@ -394,6 +394,10 @@ where
                     assert!(more_tokens.is_empty());
                     return tokenizer::TokenSinkResult::RawData(k);
                 },
+                #[cfg(feature = "encoding")]
+                ProcessResult::MaybeChangeEncodingAndStartOver(encoding) => {
+                    return tokenizer::TokenSinkResult::MaybeChangeEncodingAndStartOver(encoding);
+                },
             }
         }
     }

html5ever/src/tree_builder/rules.rs

@@ -10,21 +10,24 @@
 // The tree builder rules, as a single, enormous nested match expression.
 
 use crate::interface::Quirks;
-use crate::tokenizer::states::{Rawtext, Rcdata, ScriptData};
+use crate::tokenizer::states::{Rawtext, Rcdata};
 use crate::tokenizer::TagKind::{EndTag, StartTag};
 use crate::tree_builder::tag_sets::*;
 use crate::tree_builder::types::*;
-use crate::tree_builder::{
-    create_element, html_elem, ElemName, NodeOrText::AppendNode, StrTendril, Tag, TreeBuilder,
-    TreeSink,
-};
-use crate::QualName;
-use markup5ever::{expanded_name, local_name, namespace_url, ns};
+use crate::tree_builder::RawKind::ScriptData;
+use crate::tree_builder::{html_elem, ElemName, StrTendril, Tag, TreeBuilder, TreeSink};
+
+use markup5ever::interface::create_element;
+use markup5ever::interface::NodeOrText::AppendNode;
+use markup5ever::{expanded_name, local_name, namespace_url, ns, QualName};
 use std::borrow::Cow::Borrowed;
 
 use crate::tendril::SliceExt;
 use match_token::match_token;
 
+#[cfg(feature = "encoding")]
+use encoding_rs::Encoding;
+
 fn any_not_whitespace(x: &StrTendril) -> bool {
     // FIXME: this might be much faster as a byte scan
     x.chars().any(|c| !c.is_ascii_whitespace())
@@ -113,8 +116,21 @@ where
 
                 <html> => self.step(InsertionMode::InBody, token),
 
-                tag @ <base> <basefont> <bgsound> <link> <meta> => {
-                    // FIXME: handle <meta charset=...> and <meta http-equiv="Content-Type">
+                tag @ <meta> => {
+                    // FIXME: handle  <meta http-equiv="Content-Type">
+                    #[cfg(feature = "encoding")]
+                    if let Some(charset) = tag.attrs.iter().find(|a| a.name == QualName::new(None, ns!(html), local_name!("charset"))) {
+                        if let Some(encoding) = Encoding::for_label(charset.value.as_bytes()) {
+                            self.insert_and_pop_element_for(tag);
+                            return ProcessResult::MaybeChangeEncodingAndStartOver(encoding);
+                        }
+                    }
+
+                    self.insert_and_pop_element_for(tag);
+                    ProcessResult::DoneAckSelfClosing
+                },
+
+                tag @ <base> <basefont> <bgsound> <link>  => {
                     self.insert_and_pop_element_for(tag);
                     ProcessResult::DoneAckSelfClosing
                 }

html5ever/src/tree_builder/types.rs

@@ -70,6 +70,8 @@ pub(crate) enum ProcessResult<Handle> {
     Script(Handle),
     ToPlaintext,
     ToRawData(RawKind),
+    #[cfg(feature = "encoding")]
+    MaybeChangeEncodingAndStartOver(&'static encoding_rs::Encoding),
 }
 
 pub(crate) enum FormatEntry<Handle> {

markup5ever/Cargo.toml

@@ -14,11 +14,15 @@ rust-version.workspace = true
 [lib]
 path = "lib.rs"
 
+[features]
+encoding = ["dep:encoding_rs"]
+
 [dependencies]
 string_cache = "0.8"
 phf = "0.11"
 tendril = "0.4"
 log = "0.4"
+encoding_rs = { version = "0.8", optional = true }
 
 [build-dependencies]
 string_cache_codegen = "0.5.4"

markup5ever/encoding.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,133 @@
+// Copyright 2014-2025 The html5ever Project Developers. See the
+// COPYRIGHT file at the top-level directory of this distribution.
+//
+// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 <LICENSE-APACHE or
+// http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0> or the MIT license
+// <LICENSE-MIT or http://opensource.org/licenses/MIT>, at your
+// option. This file may not be copied, modified, or distributed
+// except according to those terms.
+
+use encoding_rs::{DecoderResult, Encoding, UTF_16BE, UTF_8, WINDOWS_1252, X_USER_DEFINED};
+use tendril::{fmt::Bytes, Tendril};
+
+use crate::buffer_queue::BufferQueue;
+
+/// <https://html.spec.whatwg.org/#concept-encoding-confidence>
+#[derive(Clone, Copy, Debug, PartialEq, Eq)]
+pub enum Confidence {
+    Tentative,
+    Certain,
+    Irrelevant,
+}
+
+pub struct Decoder {
+    inner: encoding_rs::Decoder,
+    confidence: Confidence,
+}
+
+impl Decoder {
+    pub fn new(encoding: &'static Encoding, confidence: Confidence) -> Self {
+        Self {
+            inner: encoding.new_decoder(),
+            confidence,
+        }
+    }
+
+    pub fn confidence(&self) -> Confidence {
+        self.confidence
+    }
+
+    /// Returns `None` if the encoding should not be changed and `Some(encoding)` if the current encoding
+    /// should be changed to `encoding`
+    pub fn change_the_encoding_to(
+        &mut self,
+        mut new_encoding: &'static Encoding,
+    ) -> Option<&'static Encoding> {
+        let current_encoding = self.inner.encoding();
+        // Step 1. If the encoding that is already being used to interpret the input stream is UTF-16BE/LE,
+        // then set the confidence to certain and return. The new encoding is ignored; if it was anything
+        // but the same encoding, then it would be clearly incorrect.
+        if current_encoding == UTF_16BE || current_encoding == UTF_16BE {
+            self.confidence = Confidence::Certain;
+            return None;
+        }
+
+        // Step 2. If the new encoding is UTF-16BE/LE, then change it to UTF-8.
+        if new_encoding == UTF_16BE || new_encoding == UTF_16BE {
+            new_encoding = UTF_8;
+        }
+
+        // Step 3. If the new encoding is x-user-defined, then change it to windows-1252.
+        if new_encoding == X_USER_DEFINED {
+            new_encoding = WINDOWS_1252;
+        }
+
+        // Step 4. If the new encoding is identical or equivalent to the encoding that is already being used to interpret
+        // the input stream, then set the confidence to certain and return. This happens when the encoding information found
+        // in the file matches what the encoding sniffing algorithm determined to be the encoding, and in the second pass
+        // through the parser if the first pass found that the encoding sniffing algorithm described in the earlier section
+        // failed to find the right encoding.
+        if current_encoding == new_encoding {
+            self.confidence = Confidence::Certain;
+            return None;
+        }
+
+        // Step 5. If all the bytes up to the last byte converted by the current decoder have the same
+        // Unicode interpretations in both the current encoding and the new encoding, and if the user agent
+        // supports changing the converter on the fly, then the user agent may change to the new converter
+        // for the encoding on the fly. Set the document's character encoding and the encoding used to convert
+        // the input stream to the new encoding, set the confidence to certain, and return.
+        // NOTE: We don't support changing the converter on the fly
+
+        // Step 6. Otherwise, restart the navigate algorithm, with historyHandling set to "replace" and
+        // other inputs kept the same, but this time skip the encoding sniffing algorithm and instead just
+        // set the encoding to the new encoding and the confidence to certain. Whenever possible, this should
+        // be done without actually contacting the network layer (the bytes should be re-parsed from memory),
+        // even if, e.g., the document is marked as not being cacheable. If this is not possible and contacting
+        // the network layer would involve repeating a request that uses a method other than `GET`, then instead
+        // set the confidence to certain and ignore the new encoding. The resource will be misinterpreted.
+        // User agents may notify the user of the situation, to aid in application development.
+        Some(new_encoding)
+    }
+
+    /// Decode the given chunk with the current encoding. The result will be pushed to the end
+    /// of the input stream.
+    pub fn decode(&mut self, chunk: &[u8], last: bool, output: &BufferQueue) {
+        let mut remaining = chunk;
+        loop {
+            let mut out: Tendril<Bytes> = Tendril::new();
+            let max_len = self
+                .inner
+                .max_utf8_buffer_length_without_replacement(remaining.len())
+                .unwrap_or(8192)
+                .min(8192);
+
+            // SAFETY: encoding_rs::Decoder::decode_to_utf8_without_replacement is going to initialize
+            // part of the buffer. We are only going to access the initialized segment.
+            unsafe {
+                out.push_uninitialized(max_len as u32);
+            }
+
+            let (result, bytes_read, bytes_written) = self
+                .inner
+                .decode_to_utf8_without_replacement(&remaining, &mut out, last);
+
+            if bytes_written > 0 {
+                let bytes_chunk = out.subtendril(0, bytes_written as u32);
+
+                // SAFETY: encoding_rs::Decoder::decode_to_utf8_without_replacement writes valid utf8
+                let utf8_chunk = unsafe { bytes_chunk.reinterpret_without_validating() };
+                output.push_back(utf8_chunk);
+            }
+
+            if matches!(result, DecoderResult::Malformed(_, _)) {
+                output.push_back("\u{FFFD}".into());
+            }
+
+            remaining = &remaining[bytes_read..];
+            if remaining.is_empty() {
+                return;
+            }
+        }
+    }
+}