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Sep 27, 2022
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25 changes: 24 additions & 1 deletion _tour/self-types.md
Original file line number Diff line number Diff line change
Expand Up @@ -16,6 +16,9 @@ Self-types are a way to declare that a trait must be mixed into another trait, e
A self-type is a way to narrow the type of `this` or another identifier that aliases `this`. The syntax looks like normal function syntax but means something entirely different.

To use a self-type in a trait, write an identifier, the type of another trait to mix in, and a `=>` (e.g. `someIdentifier: SomeOtherTrait =>`).

{% tabs self-types_1 class=tabs-scala-version %}
{% tab 'Scala 2' for=self-types_1 %}
```scala mdoc
trait User {
def username: String
Expand All @@ -33,5 +36,25 @@ class VerifiedTweeter(val username_ : String) extends Tweeter with User { // We
val realBeyoncé = new VerifiedTweeter("Beyoncé")
realBeyoncé.tweet("Just spilled my glass of lemonade") // prints "real Beyoncé: Just spilled my glass of lemonade"
```

Because we said `this: User =>` in `trait Tweeter`, now the variable `username` is in scope for the `tweet` method. This also means that since `VerifiedTweeter` extends `Tweeter`, it must also mix-in `User` (using `with User`).

{% endtab %}
{% tab 'Scala 3' for=self-types_1 %}
```scala
trait User:
def username: String

trait Tweeter:
this: User => // reassign this
def tweet(tweetText: String) = println(s"$username: $tweetText")

class VerifiedTweeter(val username_ : String) extends Tweeter, User: // We mixin User because Tweeter required it
def username = s"real $username_"

val realBeyoncé = VerifiedTweeter("Beyoncé")
realBeyoncé.tweet("Just spilled my glass of lemonade") // prints "real Beyoncé: Just spilled my glass of lemonade"
```
Because we said `this: User =>` in `trait Tweeter`, now the variable `username` is in scope for the `tweet` method. This also means that since `VerifiedTweeter` extends `Tweeter`, it must also mix-in `User` (using `, User`).

{% endtab %}
{% endtabs %}