Update StartOS 0.4 support and cloudflared 2026.7.3

[remcoros]

Summary

• migrate the package to StartOS 0.4.0 and Start SDK 2.0.7
• adopt Cloudflare routes from live bridge bindings and add route repair support
• update cloudflared to 2026.7.3 and package version to 2026.7.3:0
• preserve the 2026.6.1:1 migration in startos/versions/v2026.6.1.1.ts

Validation

• npm run prettier
• npm run check
• npm run build
• make x86 (41 MB cloudflared_x86_64.s9pk, SDK 2.0.7)