Implement Data-reuploading classifier in Qiskit Machine Learning

.github/workflows/main.yml

@@ -112,17 +112,17 @@ jobs:
       fail-fast: false
       matrix:
         os: [ubuntu-latest]
-        python-version: [3.9, '3.10', 3.11, 3.12]
+        python-version: [3.9, '3.10', 3.11, 3.12, 3.13]
         include:
           # macos-latest is an Arm64 image
           - os: macos-latest
             python-version: 3.9
           - os: macos-latest
-            python-version: 3.12
+            python-version: 3.13
           - os: windows-latest
             python-version: 3.9
           - os: windows-latest
-            python-version: 3.12
+            python-version: 3.13
     steps:
       - uses: actions/checkout@v4
       - uses: actions/setup-python@v5
@@ -184,7 +184,7 @@ jobs:
       fail-fast: false
       matrix:
         os: [ubuntu-latest]
-        python-version: [3.9, 3.12]
+        python-version: [3.9, 3.13]
     steps:
       - uses: actions/checkout@v4
         with:
@@ -282,28 +282,32 @@ jobs:
         with:
           name: ubuntu-latest-3.12
           path: /tmp/u312
+      - uses: actions/download-artifact@v4
+        with:
+          name: ubuntu-latest-3.13
+          path: /tmp/u313
       - uses: actions/download-artifact@v4
         with:
           name: macos-latest-3.9
           path: /tmp/m39
       - uses: actions/download-artifact@v4
         with:
-          name: macos-latest-3.12
-          path: /tmp/m312
+          name: macos-latest-3.13
+          path: /tmp/m313
       - uses: actions/download-artifact@v4
         with:
           name: windows-latest-3.9
           path: /tmp/w39
       - uses: actions/download-artifact@v4
         with:
-          name: windows-latest-3.12
-          path: /tmp/w312
+          name: windows-latest-3.13
+          path: /tmp/w313
       - name: Install Dependencies
         run: pip install -U coverage coveralls diff-cover
         shell: bash
       - name: Combined Deprecation Messages
         run: |
-          sort -f -u /tmp/u39/ml.dep /tmp/u310/ml.dep /tmp/u311/ml.dep /tmp/u312/ml.dep /tmp/m39/ml.dep /tmp/m312/ml.dep /tmp/w39/ml.dep /tmp/w312/ml.dep || true
+          sort -f -u /tmp/u39/ml.dep /tmp/u310/ml.dep /tmp/u311/ml.dep /tmp/u312/ml.dep /tmp/u313/ml.dep /tmp/m39/ml.dep /tmp/m313/ml.dep /tmp/w39/ml.dep /tmp/w313/ml.dep || true
         shell: bash
       - name: Coverage combine
         run: coverage3 combine /tmp/u39/ml.dat

pyproject.toml

@@ -5,7 +5,7 @@ build-backend = "setuptools.build_meta"
 [tool.black]
 line-length = 100
 
-target-version = ['py39', 'py310', 'py311', 'py312']
+target-version = ['py39', 'py310', 'py311', 'py312', 'py313']
 
 [tool.pylint.main]
 extension-pkg-allow-list = [

qiskit_machine_learning/optimizers/gradient_descent.py

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 # This code is part of a Qiskit project.
 #
-# (C) Copyright IBM 2021, 2024.
+# (C) Copyright IBM 2021, 2025.
 #
 # This code is licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0. You may
 # obtain a copy of this license in the LICENSE.txt file in the root directory
@@ -42,6 +42,22 @@ class GradientDescentState(OptimizerState):
 
     """
 
+    # See parent class for a comment on having custom equals. I needed this
+    # too as it does not appear to use super by default and without this failed
+    # the exact same way. Note it does not include learning rate as that field
+    # is not included in the compare as per the field decorator. The __eq__
+    # method is supposed to accept any object. If you update the version of
+    # mypy you're using, it'll print out a note recommending this code
+    # structure.
+    def __eq__(self, other: object) -> bool:
+        if not isinstance(other, GradientDescentState):
+            # If we return NotImplemented, Python will automatically try
+            # running other.__eq__(self), in case 'other' knows what to do with
+            # Person objects.
+            return NotImplemented
+
+        return super().__eq__(other) and self.stepsize == other.stepsize
+
 
 class GradientDescent(SteppableOptimizer):
     r"""The gradient descent minimization routine.

qiskit_machine_learning/optimizers/steppable_optimizer.py

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 # This code is part of a Qiskit project.
 #
-# (C) Copyright IBM 2022, 2024.
+# (C) Copyright IBM 2022, 2025.
 #
 # This code is licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0. You may
 # obtain a copy of this license in the LICENSE.txt file in the root directory
@@ -73,6 +73,35 @@ class OptimizerState:
     nit: int | None
     """Number of optimization steps performed so far in the optimization."""
 
+    # Under Python 3.13 the auto-generated equal fails with an error around
+    # using numpy all or any. See https://github.com/qiskit-community/qiskit-algorithms/pull/225
+    # for further information. Hence, this custom function was added. The __eq__
+    # method is supposed to accept any object. If you update the version of
+    # mypy you're using, it'll print out a note recommending this code structure.
+    def __eq__(self, other: object) -> bool:
+        if not isinstance(other, OptimizerState):
+            # If we return NotImplemented, Python will automatically try
+            # running other.__eq__(self), in case 'other' knows what to do with
+            # Person objects.
+            return NotImplemented
+
+        return (
+            (
+                self.x == other.x
+                if isinstance(self.x, float) and isinstance(other.x, float)
+                else (
+                    False
+                    if isinstance(self.x, float) or isinstance(other.x, float)
+                    else self.x.shape == other.x.shape and (self.x == other.x).all()
+                )
+            )
+            and self.fun == other.fun
+            and self.jac == other.jac
+            and self.nfev == other.nfev
+            and self.njev == other.njev
+            and self.nit == other.nit
+        )
+
 
 class SteppableOptimizer(Optimizer):
     """

releasenotes/notes/0.8/py38_end_of_support-fa1fdea6ea02b502.yaml

@@ -2,5 +2,6 @@
 upgrade:
   - |
     Removed support for using Qiskit Machine Learning with Python 3.8 to reflect
-    the EOL of Python 3.8 in October 2024 (PEP 569). To continue using Qiskit Machine Learning, you
-    must upgrade to a Python: 3.9 or above if you are using older versions of Python.
+    the EOL of Python 3.8 in October 2024 (`PEP 569 <https://peps.python.org/pep-0569/>`__). To
+    continue using Qiskit Machine Learning, you must upgrade to a Python: 3.9 or above if you are
+    using older versions of Python.

releasenotes/notes/0.8/py_3_12_support-6ac8bce3652299fb.yaml

@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 ---
 features:
   - |
-    Added support for using Qiskit Machine Learning with Python 3.12.
+    Added support for using Qiskit Machine Learning with Python 3.12
+    (`PEP 693 <https://peps.python.org/pep-0693/>`__).

releasenotes/notes/py38_end_of_support-fa1fdea6ea02b502.yaml

@@ -0,0 +1,7 @@
+---
+upgrade:
+  - |
+    Removed support for using Qiskit Machine Learning with Python 3.8 to reflect
+    the EOL of Python 3.8 in October 2024 (`PEP 569 <https://peps.python.org/pep-0569/>`__). To
+    continue using Qiskit Machine Learning, you must upgrade to a Python: 3.9 or above if you are
+    using older versions of Python.

releasenotes/notes/py_3_13_support-ab5e36821d346044.yaml

@@ -0,0 +1,7 @@
+---
+features:
+  - |
+    Added support for using Qiskit Machine Learning with Python 3.13 following the release of
+    Python 3.13 (final) in October 2024 (`PEP 719 <https://peps.python.org/pep-0719/>`__). To
+    access the latest features of Python 3.13, you may update your Qiskit Machine Learning
+    environment.

setup.py

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 # This code is part of a Qiskit project.
 #
-# (C) Copyright IBM 2021, 2024.
+# (C) Copyright IBM 2021, 2025.
 #
 # This code is licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0. You may
 # obtain a copy of this license in the LICENSE.txt file in the root directory
@@ -65,7 +65,8 @@
         "Programming Language :: Python :: 3.10",
         "Programming Language :: Python :: 3.11",
         "Programming Language :: Python :: 3.12",
-        "Topic :: Scientific/Engineering",
+        "Programming Language :: Python :: 3.13",
+        "Topic :: Scientific/Engineering"
     ],
     keywords="qiskit sdk quantum machine learning ml",
     packages=setuptools.find_packages(

tox.ini

@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 [tox]
 # Sets this min.version because of differences with env_tmp_dir env.
 minversion = 4.0.2
-envlist = py39, py310, py311, py312, lint, gpu, gpu-amd
+envlist = py39, py310, py311, py312, py313, lint, gpu, gpu-amd
 skipsdist = True
 
 [testenv]