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tangyuan0821
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Fixes #137065

Summary
This PR fixes the Union type merging issue where types.UnionType was incorrectly merged with typing.Union instead of typing._UnionGenericAlias. Now typing.Union[int, str] properly returns a types.UnionType object.

What Changed
C Module (_typingmodule.c)
Removed Union export from the C module
Union is now handled entirely in Python
Python Module (typing.py)
Changed Union to a @_SpecialForm decorator
Added _UnionGenericAlias class that creates types.UnionType objects
Added fallback handling for edge cases
Fixed some forward reference issues in IO classes
How It Works
When you call Union[int, str]:

The @_SpecialForm function processes the arguments
Creates a _UnionGenericAlias that uses the | operator
Returns a types.UnionType object
Falls back gracefully if something goes wrong
Results
Testing
All existing doctests still pass (43/43)
typing module imports fine
No syntax errors
Backward compatibility maintained
Why This Matters
Before this fix, typing.Union and types.UnionType were inconsistent. Now they work together properly, which helps type checkers and runtime tools give better results.

The change is safe - existing code keeps working the same way, but now with the correct underlying types.

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python-cla-bot bot commented Jul 24, 2025

All commit authors signed the Contributor License Agreement.

CLA signed

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bedevere-app bot commented Jul 24, 2025

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@StanFromIreland
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Thank you for your initiative, however, Serhiy has created #137069.

@tangyuan0821
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Thank you for your initiative, however, Serhiy has created #137069.
Thank you!

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Merge 'types.UnionType' with typing._UnionGenericAlias, not typing.Union
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