Assembler

    An assembler is a software tool or program that translates assembly 
    language code into machine code, which can be directly executed by 
    a computer's processor. It plays a vital role in the development of
    low-level software and system programming, as it bridges the gap 
    between human-readable assembly instructions and the binary
     representations understood by the hardware.

    Assembly language is a low-level programming language that closely 
    corresponds to the machine language instructions of a specific 
    computer architecture. It uses mnemonic codes to represent individual 
    instructions, memory addresses, and data operands. Assembly language 
    provides a more human-readable and manageable alternative to working 
    directly with binary machine code.

    The assembler reads the assembly code, processes each instruction, 
    and generates the corresponding machine code

Table of Contents:

    1. Contributions
    2. Introduction
    3. Prerequisites
    4. Usage
    5. Supported Instructions

1. Contributions:

    (i) Namit Jain (2022315)
    (ii) Prayag Parashar (2022377)
    (iii) Naman Jindal (2022311)
    (iv) Niteen Kumar (2022336)

2. Introduction

    The Assembler program is designed to convert assembly language instructions into 
    machine code that can be executed by a computer. It follows a simple and straightforward
    approach, translating each assembly instruction into its binary representation.

    The program is written in Python, which provides a high-level and easy-to-understand
    syntax, making it suitable for educational purposes or small-scale projects.

3. Prerequisites

    To run this Assembler program, you need to have the following software installed on your system:

    Python (version 3.6 or higher)

4. Usage

    (i) Clone the repository or download the source code files.
    (ii) Open a terminal or command prompt and navigate to the program's directory.
    (iii) Run the program using the following command:

                python assembler.py

    (iv)The program will read the assembly code from the terminal, assemble
    it, and print the output on the terminal.

5. Supported Instructions

    The Assembler program supports a subset of assembly instructions. 
    
    Here is a list of the supported instructions:
    LOAD - Load a value into a register
    STORE - Store a value from a register into memory
    ADD - Add two values and store the result in a register
    SUB - Subtract one value from another and store the result in a register
    MULT - Multiply two values and store the result in a register
    DIV - Divide one value by another and store the result in a register
    MOV Imm - Performs reg1 = $Imm where Imm is a 7 bit value.
    MOV REG - Move content of reg2 into reg1.
    CMP - Compares reg1 and reg2 and sets up the FLAGS register.
    JUMP - Unconditionally jump to a specific memory address
    JUMPEQ - Jump to a specific memory address if two values are equal
    JUMPLT - Jump to a specific memory address if one value is less than another
    JUMPGT - Jump to a specific memory address if one value is greater than another
    LEFT SHIFT - Left shifts reg1 by $Imm, where $Imm is a 7 bit value.
    RIGHT SHIFT - Right shifts reg1 by $Imm, where $Imm is a 7 bit value.
    XOR - Performs bitwise XOR of reg2 and reg3. Stores the result in reg1.
    OR - Performs bitwise OR of reg2 and reg3. Stores the result in reg1.
    AND - Performs bitwise AND of reg2 and reg3. Stores the result in reg1.
    Invert - Performs bitwise NOT of reg2. Stores the result in reg1.
    HALT - Stops the machine from executing until reset.