Add outlook_oauth2 example

Cargo.toml

@@ -37,6 +37,12 @@ ouroboros = "0.18.0"
 lettre = "0.11"
 rustls-connector = "0.19.0"
 clap = { version = "4.5.4", features = ["derive"] }
+tokio = { version = "1.37.0", features = ["rt-multi-thread"] }
+serde = { version = "1.0.200", features = ["derive"] }
+axum = "0.7.5"
+axum-server = { version = "0.6", features = ["tls-rustls"] }
+oauth2 = { version = "4.4.2", features = [] }
+dotenvy = "0.15.7"
 
 # to make -Zminimal-versions work
 [target.'cfg(any())'.dependencies]
@@ -67,6 +73,10 @@ required-features = ["default"]
 name = "timeout"
 required-features = ["default"]
 
+[[example]]
+name = "outlook_oauth2"
+required-features = ["default"]
+
 [[test]]
 name = "imap_integration"
 required-features = ["default"]

examples/README.md

@@ -6,6 +6,7 @@ This directory contains examples of working with the IMAP client.
 Examples:
   * basic - This is a very basic example of using the client.
   * gmail_oauth2 - This is an example using oauth2 for logging into gmail as a secure appplication.
+  * outlook_oauth2 - Similar to gmail example, but for outlook.
   * idle - This is an example showing how to use IDLE to monitor a mailbox.
   * rustls - This demonstrates how to use Rustls instead of Openssl for secure connections (helpful for cross compilation).
   * starttls - This is an example showing how to use STARTTLS after connecting over plaintext.

examples/outlook_oauth2/.env.sample

@@ -0,0 +1,4 @@
+AZURE_OAUTH_APP_TENANT_ID=4******8-cc46-4d4b-83b2-f************a # or 'consumers' (see README.md)
+AZURE_OAUTH_APP_CLIENT_ID=f******8-1914-40fa-baa6-8************2
+AZURE_OAUTH_APP_CLIENT_SECRET=fe***************************************hcvr
+[email protected] # or personal address (see README.md)

examples/outlook_oauth2/.gitignore

@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+.env

examples/outlook_oauth2/README.md

@@ -0,0 +1,9 @@
+# Prerequisites
+
+To run this example, you will need a registered single-tenant OAuth application at `Azure`. Follow [this guide](https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/exchange/client-developer/legacy-protocols/how-to-authenticate-an-imap-pop-smtp-application-by-using-oauth) if you do not have one just yet. Note that the example was created against a single-tenant OAuth app (i.e. for email addresses belonging to your organisation), so make sure to select an appropriate option when registering your application. Alternatively, you can create an app for personal microsoft accounts, but then make sure to specify `AZURE_OAUTH_APP_TENANT_ID=consumers` and `EMAIL_ADDRESS=<[email protected]>` in your `.env` file (read further).
+
+Important! When registering your app (or in the app's settings afterwards), specify `https://localhost:3993` as a redirect url and API permissions for the app should be at least `IMAP.AccessAsUser.All`. Also make sure to select `ID tokens (used for implicit and hybrid flows)` in the app's authentication settings.
+
+Create a `.env` file in this example's directory filling in the required data (`.env.sample` has got an exhaustive list of variables needed for this example to work).
+
+You can now hit `cargo run --example outlook_oauth2` from the repo's root and visit `https://localhost:3993` in your browser. You will want to tell your browser to _dangerously_ trust the self-signed certificates for this domain, but this is _only_ for testing / demo purposes.

examples/outlook_oauth2/certs/imap.local.crt

@@ -0,0 +1,21 @@
+-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----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+EXuIvVx27LyWlIhfY6vwSWqeUoRXmMFpiBNTTvvHQKlJzLlDyn1b+CqHvMdE9RZh
+FI5shZkiqtRRTUGVHB4o0ntwCQmWyV/5FQQ6EYs/bHXUcN2vt1XuU7WK4fRafPPu
+snYDgg0TmpGvm+J8W64TfJogWqpPsnT4pOF+aNqW88TTs1JUnNFDBQmw2QKBK+AH
++V4zhpCjVXpKtVMTnDWHQfJh4whelD18lU1jPCbzQrRs2hQWQvtzKWi0YCYc1IXl
+4E6eIOHRuiUl/mE3p3f2CGJIwxgrMuxN07ncnwVXBPCaVzSLWJHy0G61mFKH5R/7
+42EC7S/POk5GtzkMJ5Du
+-----END CERTIFICATE-----

examples/outlook_oauth2/certs/imap.local.key

@@ -0,0 +1,28 @@
+-----BEGIN PRIVATE KEY-----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+-----END PRIVATE KEY-----

examples/outlook_oauth2/main.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,135 @@
+use axum::extract::{Query, State};
+use axum::response::Html;
+use axum::routing::get;
+use axum::Router;
+use axum_server::tls_rustls::RustlsConfig;
+use oauth2::AccessToken;
+use serde::Deserialize;
+use std::sync::Arc;
+use std::{env, net::SocketAddr, path::PathBuf};
+
+mod state;
+mod utils;
+
+struct OutlookOAuth2 {
+    user: String,
+    access_token: AccessToken,
+}
+
+impl imap::Authenticator for OutlookOAuth2 {
+    type Response = String;
+    #[allow(unused_variables)]
+    fn process(&self, data: &[u8]) -> Self::Response {
+        format!(
+            "user={}\x01auth=Bearer {}\x01\x01",
+            self.user,
+            self.access_token.secret()
+        )
+    }
+}
+
+#[tokio::main]
+async fn main() {
+    // load environment variables
+    let this_example_dir = PathBuf::from(env!("CARGO_MANIFEST_DIR"))
+        .join("examples")
+        .join("outlook_oauth2");
+    dotenvy::from_path(this_example_dir.join(".env")).ok();
+
+    // load self-signed certificates
+    let certs_dir = this_example_dir.join("certs");
+    let config = RustlsConfig::from_pem_file(
+        certs_dir.join("imap.local.crt"),
+        certs_dir.join("imap.local.key"),
+    )
+    .await
+    .unwrap();
+
+    // define application and ...
+    let state = Arc::new(state::AppState::default());
+    let app = Router::new().route("/", get(home)).with_state(state);
+
+    // ... launch it
+    axum_server::bind_rustls(SocketAddr::from(([127, 0, 0, 1], 3993)), config)
+        .serve(app.into_make_service())
+        .await
+        .unwrap();
+}
+
+#[derive(Deserialize)]
+struct AuthCode {
+    code: String,
+    state: String,
+}
+
+async fn home(
+    auth_code: Option<Query<AuthCode>>,
+    State(state): State<Arc<state::AppState>>,
+) -> Html<String> {
+    // already redirected back to homepage by the authority
+    // with a code in query string parameters
+    if let Some(auth_code) = auth_code {
+        assert!(!auth_code.state.is_empty());
+        // exchange the code they brought from the authority for an access token
+        let access_token =
+            utils::exchange_code_for_token(&state.oauth_client, auth_code.code.clone()).await;
+        // instantiate an authenticator
+        let outlook_oauth = OutlookOAuth2 {
+            user: env::var("EMAIL_ADDRESS").unwrap(),
+            access_token,
+        };
+        // establish a connection to the IMAP server
+        let client = imap::ClientBuilder::new("outlook.office365.com", 993)
+            .connect()
+            .expect("successfly connected");
+        // start a session
+        let mut session = client
+            .authenticate("XOAUTH2", &outlook_oauth)
+            .expect("authenticated connection");
+        // fetch the first email in the inbox
+        session.select("INBOX").unwrap();
+        let messages = session.fetch("1", "RFC822").unwrap();
+        let first_message = messages.iter().next().unwrap().body().unwrap();
+        let first_message = std::str::from_utf8(first_message).unwrap();
+        // end the session
+        session.logout().unwrap();
+        // render the contents of the fetched email
+        let page = format!(
+            r#"
+            <!doctype html>
+                <html lang="en">
+                <head>
+                    <title>Home</title>  
+                    <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width"> 
+                </head>
+                <body>
+                    <span>First message in your inbox</span>
+                    <span>{:?}</span>
+                </body>
+            </html>
+            "#,
+            first_message,
+        );
+        return Html(page);
+    }
+    // should go and log in to their microsoft account (if not already logged in)
+    // and explicitly authorize the OAuth application, after which the authority
+    // will issue a code that can be later on echanged for an access token
+    let url = utils::build_auth_url(&state.oauth_client);
+    let page = format!(
+        r#"
+        <!doctype html>
+            <html lang="en">
+            <head>
+                <title>Home</title>  
+                <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width"> 
+            </head>
+            <body>
+                <a href="{}">Show my fist letter</a>
+            </body>
+        </html>
+        "#,
+        url.to_string()
+    );
+    Html(page)
+}

examples/outlook_oauth2/state.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,26 @@
+use oauth2::basic::{BasicErrorResponseType, BasicTokenType};
+use oauth2::{
+    Client, EmptyExtraTokenFields, RevocationErrorResponseType, StandardErrorResponse,
+    StandardRevocableToken, StandardTokenIntrospectionResponse, StandardTokenResponse,
+};
+
+pub(crate) type OauthClient = Client<
+    StandardErrorResponse<BasicErrorResponseType>,
+    StandardTokenResponse<EmptyExtraTokenFields, BasicTokenType>,
+    BasicTokenType,
+    StandardTokenIntrospectionResponse<EmptyExtraTokenFields, BasicTokenType>,
+    StandardRevocableToken,
+    StandardErrorResponse<RevocationErrorResponseType>,
+>;
+
+pub(crate) struct AppState {
+    pub(crate) oauth_client: OauthClient,
+}
+
+impl Default for AppState {
+    fn default() -> Self {
+        Self {
+            oauth_client: super::utils::build_oauth_client(),
+        }
+    }
+}

examples/outlook_oauth2/utils.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,51 @@
+use oauth2::basic::BasicClient;
+use oauth2::reqwest::async_http_client;
+use oauth2::url::Url;
+use oauth2::AccessToken;
+use oauth2::TokenResponse;
+use oauth2::{
+    AuthUrl, AuthorizationCode, ClientId, ClientSecret, CsrfToken, RedirectUrl, Scope, TokenUrl,
+};
+use std::env;
+
+pub(crate) fn build_auth_url(client: &super::state::OauthClient) -> Url {
+    let (url, _csrf_token) = client
+        .authorize_url(CsrfToken::new_random)
+        .add_scope(Scope::new(
+            "https://outlook.office.com/IMAP.AccessAsUser.All".to_string(),
+        ))
+        .url();
+    url
+}
+
+pub(crate) fn build_oauth_client() -> super::state::OauthClient {
+    let client_id = ClientId::new(env::var("AZURE_OAUTH_APP_CLIENT_ID").unwrap());
+    let client_secret = ClientSecret::new(env::var("AZURE_OAUTH_APP_CLIENT_SECRET").unwrap());
+    let tenant_id = env::var("AZURE_OAUTH_APP_TENANT_ID").unwrap();
+    let auth_url = AuthUrl::new(format!(
+        "https://login.microsoftonline.com/{}/oauth2/v2.0/authorize",
+        tenant_id
+    ))
+    .expect("valid url");
+    let token_url = TokenUrl::new(format!(
+        "https://login.microsoftonline.com/{}/oauth2/v2.0/token",
+        tenant_id
+    ))
+    .expect("valid url");
+    BasicClient::new(client_id, Some(client_secret), auth_url, Some(token_url)).set_redirect_uri(
+        RedirectUrl::new("https://localhost:3993".to_string()).expect("valid url"),
+    )
+}
+
+pub(crate) async fn exchange_code_for_token(
+    client: &super::state::OauthClient,
+    code: String,
+) -> AccessToken {
+    client
+        .exchange_code(AuthorizationCode::new(code))
+        .request_async(async_http_client)
+        .await
+        .expect("response with token")
+        .access_token()
+        .to_owned()
+}