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Fix capitalization issues #445

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7 changes: 4 additions & 3 deletions book/sourdough-starter/sourdough-starter-types.tex
Original file line number Diff line number Diff line change
Expand Up @@ -225,9 +225,10 @@ \section{Stiff starter}%
the starter on your kitchen counter. When lifting it should slightly stick
to your counter's surface. This test indicates that you hydrated the flour sufficiently.
When the mixture is too dry, the fermentation speed is greatly reduced and
the starter will seem inactive. The starter should be much drier
than a regular starter, but also not too dry. Refer to figure~\ref{fig:stiff-starter-dry-check}
for a visual example of the starter's required hydration level.
the starter will seem inactive. The starter should be much drier than a
regular starter, but also not too dry. Refer to
Figure~\ref{fig:stiff-starter-dry-check} for a visual example of the starter's
required hydration level.

\begin{figure}[!htb]
\includegraphics[width=\textwidth]{stiff-starter-dry-check.jpg}
Expand Down
89 changes: 45 additions & 44 deletions book/wheat-sourdough/wheat-sourdough.tex
Original file line number Diff line number Diff line change
Expand Up @@ -615,7 +615,7 @@ \section{Dough strength}
a more extensible dough with lower-gluten flour~\cite{bassinage+technique}.

When machine kneading a dough, opt for the same technique shown in
flowchart~\ref{fig:wheat-sourdough-kneading-process}. Initially opt for a low
Flowchart~\ref{fig:wheat-sourdough-kneading-process}. Initially opt for a low
speed. This helps the homogenization process.
After waiting to allow the flour to soak up the water, proceed on a higher speed
setting. A good sign of a well-developed gluten network is
Expand Down Expand Up @@ -670,7 +670,7 @@ \section{Dough strength}
The last step before beginning bulk fermentation is to
create a smooth dough ball. By making sure your dough's surface is
smooth, you will have fewer touch points when touching the dough.
See figure~\ref{fig:dough-touch-points} for a schematic visualization
See Figure~\ref{fig:dough-touch-points} for a schematic visualization
of how your hand touches a rugged and smooth dough.
With the smooth surface, your dough is going to stick less on your hands. Applying
later stretches and folds will be a lot easier. Without a smooth
Expand Down Expand Up @@ -701,7 +701,7 @@ \section{Dough strength}
By doing so you will automatically try to touch the dough as little
as possible. Keep repeating the process until you see that the dough
has a nice smooth surface. The final dough should look like the dough
shown in~\ref{fig:dough-ball-steps}.
shown in Figure~\ref{fig:dough-ball-steps}.

If your outer gluten layer tears, you have overstretched your dough. In
that case, take a 10-minute break, leaving your dough on the kitchen countertop.
Expand Down Expand Up @@ -766,9 +766,9 @@ \section{Bulk fermentation}%
is one of the reasons why the current baking industry prefers
to make solely yeast-based doughs. By removing the bacteria
from the fermentation, the whole process becomes a lot more
predictable. The room for error (as shown in figure~\ref{fig:wheat-yeast-sourdough-degradation})
is much larger. The doughs are perfect to be made in a
machine.
predictable. The room for error (as shown in
Figure~\ref{fig:wheat-yeast-sourdough-degradation}) is much larger. The doughs
are perfect to be made in a machine.

\begin{flowchart}[!htb]
\centering
Expand Down Expand Up @@ -1006,16 +1006,16 @@ \section{Stretch and folds}
folding the dough onto itself. Some recipes call for a single stretch
and fold, others for multiple.

The primary goal of this technique is to provide
additional dough strength to your dough. As shown in figure~\ref{fig:dough-strength-sourdough}
there are multiple ways to create dough strength\footnote{In fact I~have seen many no-knead
recipes calling for no initial kneading, but then applying stretch and folds
during the bulk fermentation. The time required to do all the folds probably
matches the initial kneading time required.}. If you do not knead as much at
the start, you can reach the same level of dough strength by applying stretch
and folds later. The more stretch and folds you do, the more dough strength
you add to your dough. The result will be a more aesthetic loaf that has
increased vertical oven spring.
The primary goal of this technique is to provide additional dough strength to
your dough. As shown in Figure~\ref{fig:dough-strength-sourdough} there are
multiple ways to create dough strength\footnote{In fact I~have seen many
no-knead recipes calling for no initial kneading, but then applying
stretch and folds during the bulk fermentation. The time required to do
all the folds probably matches the initial kneading time required.}.
If you do not knead as much at the start, you can reach the same level of
dough strength by applying stretch and folds later. The more stretch and folds
you do, the more dough strength you add to your dough. The result will be a
more aesthetic loaf that has increased vertical oven spring.

Sometimes, if the dough is very extensible
and features very high hydration, stretching and folding is essential.
Expand Down Expand Up @@ -1088,7 +1088,7 @@ \section{Stretch and folds}
the gluten bonds heal and you can try again. When the gluten does not heal
anymore, chances are you have pushed the fermentation for too long. Likely
most of the gluten has broken down and you are already
in the decay stage shown in figure~\ref{fig:dough-strength-sourdough}.
in the decay stage shown in Figure~\ref{fig:dough-strength-sourdough}.

\begin{figure}[!htb]
\includegraphics[width=\textwidth]{dough-requiring-stretch-and-fold}
Expand Down Expand Up @@ -1164,12 +1164,13 @@ \section{Optional: Dividing and Preshaping}
If you are making a single loaf from one dough batch the step is not required.
In that case, you can directly proceed with shaping, skipping this step.

The pre-shaping technique is the same as the process figure~\ref{fig:dough-ball-steps}.
Whereas earlier you could tear the dough's surface this could now result in a catastrophe.
For this reason, I~recommend practicing this step for as long as you need after kneading.
The gluten network might be so extensible and degraded at this point that there
is hardly any room for error. The dough wouldn't come together again. The only
way to save such dough is to use a loaf pan.
The pre-shaping technique is the same as the process
Figure~\ref{fig:dough-ball-steps}. Whereas earlier you could tear the dough's
surface this could now result in a catastrophe. For this reason, I~recommend
practicing this step for as long as you need after kneading. The gluten
network might be so extensible and degraded at this point that there is hardly
any room for error. The dough wouldn't come together again. The only way to
save such dough is to use a loaf pan.

\begin{figure}[!htb]
\includegraphics[width=\textwidth]{preshape-direction}
Expand All @@ -1179,14 +1180,14 @@ \section{Optional: Dividing and Preshaping}
\label{fig:preshape-direction}
\end{figure}

Pre-shape the dough as much as is needed to round up the top
surface area. Try to touch the dough as little as possible
to reduce its ability to stick to your hands. Drag the dough
in the direction where you see a rough surface area. In
case you have too little space to drag the dough because it might
fall from the edge of your counter, simply lift it with a swift movement and place
it in a better position for pre-shaping. Please refer to figure~\ref{fig:preshape-direction}
for a visualization showing the pre-shaping direction.
Pre-shape the dough as much as is needed to round up the top surface area. Try
to touch the dough as little as possible to reduce its ability to stick to
your hands. Drag the dough in the direction where you see a rough surface
area. In case you have too little space to drag the dough because it might
fall from the edge of your counter, simply lift it with a swift movement and
place it in a better position for pre-shaping. Please refer to
Figure~\ref{fig:preshape-direction} for a visualization showing the
pre-shaping direction.

Try to set yourself a limit of movements to finish pre-shaping
a dough. Then you will be more conscious about each movement
Expand Down Expand Up @@ -1279,7 +1280,7 @@ \section{Shaping}

If you divided and pre-shaped, apply flour generously to the dough's
top layer as well. With gentle hands spread the flour evenly across
the dough's surface. See figure~\ref{fig:shaping-flour-surface} for a
the dough's surface. See Figure~\ref{fig:shaping-flour-surface} for a
visual representation of how your dough should look after coating
the surface.

Expand Down Expand Up @@ -1322,7 +1323,7 @@ \section{Shaping}
the sticky side as little as possible. Place your hands on the bottom
floured side and the edge of the sticky side. With gentle hands,
stretch the dough until the shape in front of you looks rectangular.
Refer to figure~\ref{fig:shaping-rectangular-dough} and compare
Refer to Figure~\ref{fig:shaping-rectangular-dough} and compare
your dough with the shown dough.

\subsection[Folding]{Fold the dough together}
Expand Down Expand Up @@ -1361,7 +1362,7 @@ \section{Shaping}
Start to roll the dough inwards beginning at the top of the dough.
Keep rolling the dough inwards until you have created a dough roll.

Refer to figure~\ref{fig:shaping-folding} for a full visual
Refer to Figure~\ref{fig:shaping-folding} for a full visual
representation of the process.

If your dough does not hold its shape, chances are you have pushed
Expand Down Expand Up @@ -1418,16 +1419,16 @@ \section{Shaping}
surface will always be downwards facing. The dough is then flipped over
once for baking.}.

Proceed and lift the dough with 2 hands from the counter.
Gently rotate it once and then place the dough in your
banneton for proofing\footnote{The seam side should now be facing you.
Some bakers like to seal the seam a little more. I~did
not notice that this improves the dough's strength. As far as I~can
tell, this only improves the visual appearance of the bottom side
of the final loaf.}. If you did everything right, then your
dough should look somewhat similar to the dough shown in figure~\ref{fig:shaping-prepare-proofing}.
As the last step of shaping, place a kitchen towel over your banneton
or bowl and begin proofing.
Proceed and lift the dough with 2 hands from the counter. Gently rotate it
once and then place the dough in your banneton for proofing\footnote{The seam
side should now be facing you. Some bakers like to seal the seam a little
more. I~did not notice that this improves the dough's strength. As far as
I~can tell, this only improves the visual appearance of the bottom side of
the final loaf.}.
If you did everything right, then your dough should look somewhat similar to
the dough shown in Figure~\ref{fig:shaping-prepare-proofing}. As the last
step of shaping, place a kitchen towel over your banneton or bowl and begin
proofing.

\section{Proofing}

Expand Down