docker-compose.yml is to be used as a base for all Odoo containers, where prod.yml and stage.yml are to be used as a supplement for specific types of environments. dev.yml is intended to be used for local development.
To run it in specific project, use docker-compose --project-directory argument, so all relative paths are resolved from that directory instead of default, which is location of docker-compose.yml.
Like: docker-compose --project-directory . -f ~/src/docker-compose-odoo/docker-compose.yml -f ~/src/docker-compose-odoo/dev.yml down && docker-compose --project-directory . -f ~/src/docker-compose-odoo/docker-compose.yml -f ~/src/docker-compose-odoo/dev.yml up, which means use current working directory for relative paths resolving and take specified compose files.