AGL (Automotive Grade Linux) Based Infotainment System

By Anuj Mohite 142103002 Under the Supervision of Prof. Suraj Sawant (COEP Tech) Industry Mentor: Mr. Chinmay Kulkarni (Syrma SGS) Date: 11th March 2024

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1. Introduction

Problem Statement

This project focuses on the development of an infotainment system based on AGL (Automotive Grade Linux). The objective is to leverage the open-source Yocto Project for customizing and optimizing embedded Linux systems tailored for automotive applications.

Motivation

• Customization and Optimization: Tailor Linux for specific hardware and use cases.
• Open Source Collaboration: Benefit from community-driven improvements and stability.
• Cost and Time Efficiency: Reduce development costs and time-to-market.
• Testing and Validation: Utilize the robust tools and quality assurance provided by the Yocto Project.

Scope

The Yocto Project is an open-source collaboration project aimed at developers of embedded Linux systems. It uses the OpenEmbedded project and BitBake tool to construct complete Linux images. The project includes:

• Poky: Reference build host.
• Build Appliance: For building and booting custom embedded Linux images.

2. Objectives

• Set up a Linux build host using the Yocto Project.
• Build Linux images suitable for emulation and actual hardware.
• Understand and utilize Yocto Project core components.
• Highlight the ease of use and customization options provided by Yocto.

3. Generalized Implementation of AGL Based on Yocto - Poky Distribution

Yocto Project Development Environment

Overview

1. User Configurations

Define build properties such as target architecture and source storage.

2. Metadata, Machine Configuration, and Policy Configuration

• Metadata (.bb + Patches): Software layers with recipe files and patches.
• Machine BSP Configuration: Board Support Package layers for machine-specific configurations.
• Policy Configuration: Distribution layers providing general policies for images and SDKs.

3. Sources

Access source files through upstream project releases, local projects, and SCMs.

4. Package Feeds

Packages are sourced from a package feed area in the build directory.

4. Experimental Setup

• Build Host: Minimum of 32GB RAM + 200GB free disk space on a supported Linux distribution (e.g., Fedora, openSUSE, CentOS, Debian, Ubuntu).
• Build Host Packages: Necessary packages for the build host.
• Yocto Project Release: A release of the Yocto Project.

Supported Linux Distributions:

• Ubuntu, Fedora, openSUSE, CentOS, Debian.

Requirements:

• Git 1.8.3.1 or greater
• Tar 1.24 or greater
• Python 2.7.3 or greater (excluding Python 3.x)

5. Methodology

Hardware Requirements

• Raspberry Pi 4b
• HDMI Cable with Monitor
• Internet Connection (LAN)
• I/O Devices: Keyboard, Mouse
• Power Supply (5V DC)
• LCD Display (SPI 420x320 Serial Monitor)

Yocto Project Highlights

• Provides recent Linux kernels and system components.
• Supports various hardware and device emulation through QEMU.
• Layer mechanism for system extension and customization.
• Sato reference User Interface for devices with restricted screen sizes.

6. Summary and Future Steps

Summary

• Open-source collaboration for building custom Linux distributions.
• Key components include Poky, BitBake, and OpenEmbedded-Core.
• Customizable through layers and package recipes.
• Supports various hardware architectures (BSPs).

Future Steps

• Continuous improvement and hardware support.
• Containerization and cloud integration.
• Enhanced IoT support.
• Embedded AI and machine learning integration.
• Increased community collaboration and adoption.

Final Build Image: ~530-750 MB, deployable on Raspberry Pi 4b or QEMU on a host machine.

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Thank you for your attention!