CI/CD: Cache C client build

[juliannguyen4]

Build C client in a separate job, then save shared library as Github artifact
Then pass artifact to job that builds Python client

[codecov-commenter]

Codecov Report

All modified and coverable lines are covered by tests ✅

Project coverage is 81.71%. Comparing base (f24bbee) to head (e3ed46c).
Report is 4 commits behind head on dev.

Additional details and impacted files

@@           Coverage Diff           @@
##              dev     #764   +/-   ##
=======================================
  Coverage   81.71%   81.71%           
=======================================
  Files          98       98           
  Lines       14474    14474           
=======================================
  Hits        11827    11827           
  Misses       2647     2647           

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