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Copy file name to clipboardexpand all lines: mac/block-selection.md
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ms.topic: article
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ms.assetid: E8E0831E-E076-44B1-A82A-A325382916A6
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---
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# Block Selection
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# Block selection
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Visual Studio for Mac makes it straightforward to select, cut, copy, and paste sections of your code. Rectangular blocks of code can be highlighted and selected by using the **Option + Drag** command on the code block. The formatting within this block selection is retained when pasting the block.
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Block selections can also be edited, to modify text on multiple lines at once. A zero-width block selection can be used to place the caret in front of many lines at once, and allows typing identical text on multiple lines.
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Block selections can also be edited to modify text on multiple lines at once. A zero-width block selection can be used to place the caret in front of many lines at once, and allows typing identical text on multiple lines:
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Comments are also useful for documenting code for future developers that may interact with it. These are usually done in the form of multi-line comments, which is added in the following way in each language:
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Comments are also useful for documenting code for future developers that may interact with it. These are usually done in the form of multi-line comments, which are added in the following way in each language:
MSbuild is a build engine developed by Microsoft, that allows for the building of primarily .NET applications. The Mono framework also has it's own implementation of Microsoft's Build Engine (MSBuild), called **xbuild**.
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MSbuild is a build engine developed by Microsoft, that allows for the building of primarily .NET applications. The Mono framework also has it's own implementation of Microsoft's Build Engine (MSBuild), called **xbuild**. However, xbuild has been phased out, in favor of using MSBuild on all operating systems.
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**xbuild** is primarily used for build Xamarin projects in Visual Studio for Mac. However, Xamarin will be phasing out xbuild out, in favor of moving towards using MSBuild on all operating systems.
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In this document, when a reference is made to MSBuild, it is safe to assume that this also applies to xbuild.
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**MSbuild** is primarily used for as the build system for projects in Visual Studio for Mac.
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MSBuild works by taking a set of inputs, such as source files, and transforms them to outputs, such as executables, and achieves this output by invoking tools such as the compiler.
Copy file name to clipboardexpand all lines: mac/data-visualizations.md
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ms.assetid: 527E6BEC-EF15-4002-ACB5-62AE1C16F6B7
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---
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# Data Visualizations
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Visual Studio for Mac includes UI support for the debugger allowing visualizations of the values of a variable, field or property while debugging. These data visualizers show an extended version of the data and allow developers to inspect known structures, for example showing the color of a color struct.
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# Data visualizations
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Visual Studio for Mac includes UI support for the debugger, allowing visualizations of the values of a variable, field, or property while debugging. These data visualizers show an extended version of the data and allow developers to inspect known structures, for example showing the color of a color struct.
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Visualizers in the debug **Local** pad can be displayed by clicking on the preview icon that appears to the right of the value, when the user hovers over the row:
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This will display UIColor, CGColor, and Color properties, depicting the color preview, RGBA components, Hue-Saturation-Lightness values, and the hex value of the color:
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## String
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A string will be displayed of less than 100 characters will be displayed in full, without a preview. Longer strings will be displayed in full in the preview. Strings are editable, and the visualizer is accompanied by an edit button allowing the string value to be edited either in the preview or in the String Value Editor, shown beneath.
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A string of less than 100 characters will be displayed in full, without a preview. Longer strings will be displayed in full in the preview. Strings are editable, and the visualizer is accompanied by an edit button, allowing the string value to be edited either in the preview or in the String Value Editor, shown below:
Visual Studio for Mac has a native debugger allowing debugging support for Xamarin.iOS, Xamarin.Mac and Xamarin.Android applications.
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Visual Studio for Mac uses the [*Mono Soft Debugger*](http://www.mono-project.com/docs/advanced/runtime/docs/soft-debugger/), which is implemented into the Mono runtime allowing Visual Studio for Mac to debug managed code across all platforms.
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Visual Studio for Mac has a native debugger allowing debugging support for Xamarin.iOS, Xamarin.Mac, and Xamarin.Android applications.
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Visual Studio for Mac uses the [*Mono Soft Debugger*](http://www.mono-project.com/docs/advanced/runtime/docs/soft-debugger/), which is implemented into the Mono runtime, allowing Visual Studio for Mac to debug managed code across all platforms.
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## The Debugger
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Visual Studio for Mac uses the Mono Soft Debugger to debug managed (C# or F#) code in all Xamarin applications. The Mono Soft debugger is different to regular debuggers in that in that it is a co-operative debugger that is built into the Mono runtime; the generated code and Mono runtime co-operate with the IDE to provide a debugging experience. The Mono runtime exposes the debugging functionality through a wire protocol; you can read more about this [in the Mono documentation](http://www.mono-project.com/docs/advanced/runtime/docs/soft-debugger-wire-format/).
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Visual Studio for Mac uses the Mono Soft Debugger to debug managed (C# or F#) code in all Xamarin applications. The Mono Soft debugger is different from regular debuggers in that it is a co-operative debugger that is built into the Mono runtime; the generated code and Mono runtime co-operate with the IDE to provide a debugging experience. The Mono runtime exposes the debugging functionality through a wire protocol, which you can read more about [in the Mono documentation](http://www.mono-project.com/docs/advanced/runtime/docs/soft-debugger-wire-format/).
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Hard debuggers, such as [LLDB](http://lldb.llvm.org/index.html) or [GDB](https://www.gnu.org/software/gdb/) control a program without the knowledge or cooperation from the debugged program, but can still be useful when debugging Xamarin applications, in the event that you need to debug native iOS or Android code.
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Hard debuggers, such as [LLDB](http://lldb.llvm.org/index.html) or [GDB](https://www.gnu.org/software/gdb/), control a program without the knowledge or cooperation from the debugged program, but can still be useful when debugging Xamarin applications in the event that you need to debug native iOS or Android code.
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## Using the Debugger
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## Using the debugger
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To start debugging any application, always ensure that the configuration is set to **Debug**. This contains a helpful set of tools to support debugging such as breakpoints, using data visualizers, and viewing the call stack:
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To start debugging any application, always ensure that the configuration is set to **Debug**. The debug configuration provides a helpful set of tools to support debugging, such as breakpoints, using data visualizers, and viewing the call stack:
To set a breakpoint in your IDE, click on the margin area of your editor, next to the line number of the code you wish to break at:
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To set a breakpoint in your IDE, click on the margin area of your editor, next to the line number of the code where you wish to break:
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## Start Debugging
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## Start debugging
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To start debugging, select the target device or similar/emulator in your IDE:
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Debugging tools, such as inspecting the values of objects, can be used at this point to get more information about what is happening in your code:
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Debugging tools, such as the one used to inspect the values of objects, can be used at this point to get more information about what is happening in your code:
You can also set rules dictating the circumstances under which a breakpoint should occur, this is know as adding a *conditional breakpoint*. To set a conditional breakpoint, access the **Breakpoint Properties window**, which can be done in two ways:
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You can also set rules dictating the circumstances under which a breakpoint should occur, this is known as adding a *conditional breakpoint*. To set a conditional breakpoint, access the **Breakpoint Properties window**, which can be done in two ways:
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* To add a new conditional breakpoint, right-click on the editor margin, to the left of the line number for the code you wish to set a breakpoint on, and select New Breakpoint:
* To add a condition to an existing breakpoint, right-click on the breakpoint and select **Breakpoint Properties**_OR_ in the **Breakpoints Pad** select the Edit Breakpoint button illustrated below:
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* To add a condition to an existing breakpoint, right-click on the breakpoint and select **Breakpoint Properties**, or, in the **Breakpoints Pad**, select the Edit Breakpoint button illustrated below:
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You can then enter the condition under which you want to breakpoint to occur:
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You can then enter the condition under which you want the breakpoint to occur:
When a breakpoint has been reached, the Debug tools enable you to get control over the program’s execution. Visual Studio for Mac will display four buttons, allowing you to run and step through the code. In Visual Studio for Mac they will look like the following:
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When a breakpoint has been reached, the Debug tools enable you to get control over the program’s execution. Visual Studio for Mac will display four buttons, allowing you to run and step through the code. In Visual Studio for Mac, they will look like the following:
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These are:
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Here are the four buttons:
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***Play** – This will begin executing the code, until the next breakpoint.
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***Step Over** – This will execute the next line of code. If the next line is a function call, step over will execute the function, and will stop at the next line of code *after* the function.
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***Step Over** – This will execute the next line of code. If the next line is a function call, Step Over will execute the function, and will stop at the next line of code *after* the function.
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***Step Into** – This will also execute the next line of code. If the next line is a function call, Step Into will stop at the first line of the function, allowing you to continue line-by-line debugging of the function. If the next line is not a function, it will behave the same as Step Over.
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***Step Out** – This will return to the line where the current function was called.
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## Debugging Mono’s Class Libraries
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## Debugging Mono’s class libraries
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Xamarin products ship with the source code for Mono's class libraries, and you can use this to single step from the debugger to inspect how things are working under the hood.
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Since this feature consumes more memory during debugging, it is turned off by default.
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To enable this feature, browse to **Visual Studio for Mac > Preferences > Debugger** and ensure that the "**Debug project code only; do not step into framework code**" option is **unselected**, as illustrated below:
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To enable this feature, browse to **Visual Studio for Mac > Preferences > Debugger** and ensure that the "**Debug project code only; do not step into framework code.**" option is **unselected**, as illustrated below:
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* Matching closing braces can be added automatically to code when creating new classes, methods, or properties. When this option is selected, typing `{` will automatically add `}`.
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* Onthefly code formatting is triggered by particular character presses such as semi-colon or braces, which will emulate the formatting preferences that are set.
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* On-the-fly code formatting is triggered by character presses, such as semi-colon or braces, which will emulate the formatting preferences that are set.
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* You can also choose to format the file when saving it, which allows the writing of code as desired and leaves the IDE responsible for formatting code as set by existing preferences.
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* Indentation can be set to None, Auto, or Smart. These do the following:
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* None – sets the caret to the start of the next line
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* Auto – sets the caret to the same column on the next line
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* Smart – indents on the following line based on the code
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* Wordbreaking behavior differs between OSes, and for navigation purposes, the text editor needs to know where words begin or end. The formatting can be set to Unix or Windows.
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* Word-breaking behavior differs between OSes, and for navigation purposes, the text editor needs to know where words begin or end. The formatting can be set to Unix or Windows.
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You can also set formatting rules for XML, CSS, HTML, and JSON.
Copy file name to clipboardexpand all lines: mac/editor-themes.md
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ms.assetid: 4C1B7952-CD45-4132-AD6B-01CF993D83F8
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# Editor Themes
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# Editor themes
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Editor themes can be changed to any of the ten color schemes provided by default in Visual Studio for Mac via the **Visual Studio > Preferences… > Text Editor > Color Themes** menu options:
Use the Alt-Up command to move the current line or current selected lines up, and use the Alt-Down command to move the lines down. If the language add-in supports it, the lines will be re-indented to match the context when they move in and out of scopes.
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Use the Alt-Up command to move the current line or current selected lines up, and use the Alt-Down command to move the lines down. If the language add-in supports it, the lines will be re-indented to match the context when they move in and out of scope.
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## Word Navigation
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## Word navigation
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Moves the caret to the next or previous word.
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Moves the caret to the next or previous word:
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`⌘ + Left/Right`
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## Expands the Selection
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Expands word, sub-expressions, statement, and line member selection in a logical way
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Expands word, sub-expressions, statement, and line member selection in a logical way:
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