Time semantics overhaul

[ljeub-pometry]

What changes were proposed in this pull request?

• refactor of the time semantics to simplify history filtering
• filtering layers/edges now filters nodes as well if all the edge updates that added them are filtered out and the node is not added explicitly via add_node.
  • as a result, subgraph filters nodes that don't have edges in the subgraph and were not explicitly added via add_node.
• changes latest_time semantics for the PersistentGraph to return the time of the last update for the node/edge/graph in the current view or the start of the window if there are no updates.
• The earliest_time and latest_time within a filtered Event Graph will now reflect the updates within the graph view instead of just window bounds.
• adds a ValidGraph filter that only keeps edges that are currently valid without removing their history
• is_valid and is_active are no longer the same for the persistent graph
  • active means there is an update during the period (addition or deletion)
  • valid means that the edges most recent update is an addition (persistent semantics).
  • deleted means that the edges most recent update is a deletion.
• the event graph preserves deletions if created from a persistent graph
  • an edge is included in a window if it is active in the window (has an addition or deletion event)
  • an edge is valid if it has an addition event in the current view
  • an edge is deleted if it has an addition event in the current view
• The default layer only exists if it has updates on it.

Why are the changes needed?

Fixes #1050, fixes #1787, fixes #1191
Fixes #1779

Does this PR introduce any user-facing change? If yes is this documented?

How was this patch tested?

• adds tests for the new semantics
• more proptests to check that materializing views gives consistent results

Are there any further changes required?

[github-actions]

⚠️ Performance Alert ⚠️

Possible performance regression was detected for benchmark 'Rust Benchmark'.
Benchmark result of this commit is worse than the previous benchmark result exceeding threshold 2.

Benchmark suite	Current: 816506e	Previous: c8f2a0f	Ratio
lotr_graph_window_50_layered/iterate edges	117827 ns/iter (± 327)	50232 ns/iter (± 81)	2.35
lotr_graph_persistent_window_50_layered/has_node_existing	117 ns/iter (± 77)	27 ns/iter (± 0)	4.33
lotr_graph_persistent_window_50_layered/iterate nodes	29082 ns/iter (± 94)	9018 ns/iter (± 13)	3.22

This comment was automatically generated by workflow using github-action-benchmark.

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