feat: Implement blockchain indexer API routes

basic/83-blockchain-indexer/.env.example

@@ -0,0 +1,8 @@
+# Ethereum Node URL
+ETH_NODE_URL=https://mainnet.infura.io/v3/YOUR-PROJECT-ID
+
+# MongoDB Connection String
+MONGODB_URI=mongodb://localhost:27017/blockchain-indexer
+
+# Server Port
+PORT=3000

basic/83-blockchain-indexer/README.md

@@ -0,0 +1,92 @@
+# 区块链索引器
+
+## 简介
+本项目实现了一个简单的区块链索引器，用于抓取、解析和存储区块链数据。通过这个项目，你可以学习到：
+
+1. 如何从区块链节点获取区块数据
+2. 如何解析区块和交易信息
+3. 如何设计和实现数据存储结构
+4. 如何构建查询API接口
+
+## 功能特点
+
+- 实时同步区块数据
+- 解析交易信息
+- 数据持久化存储
+- 提供查询API接口
+
+## 技术栈
+
+- Node.js
+- Web3.js
+- Express.js
+- MongoDB
+
+## 项目结构
+
+```
+├── src/
+│   ├── indexer/        # 索引器核心逻辑
+│   ├── models/         # 数据模型
+│   ├── api/            # API接口
+│   └── utils/          # 工具函数
+├── config/            # 配置文件
+└── tests/            # 测试文件
+```
+
+## 快速开始
+
+1. 安装依赖
+```bash
+npm install
+```
+
+2. 配置环境变量
+```bash
+cp .env.example .env
+# 编辑.env文件，设置必要的配置项
+```
+
+3. 启动项目
+```bash
+npm start
+```
+
+## API文档
+
+### 获取区块信息
+```
+GET /api/block/:blockNumber
+```
+
+### 获取交易信息
+```
+GET /api/transaction/:txHash
+```
+
+### 获取地址信息
+```
+GET /api/address/:address
+```
+
+## 开发计划
+
+- [ ] 实现基础区块同步功能
+- [ ] 实现交易解析功能
+- [ ] 实现数据存储功能
+- [ ] 实现API接口
+- [ ] 添加测试用例
+- [ ] 优化性能
+- [ ] 添加监控功能
+
+## 注意事项
+
+1. 确保有可用的以太坊节点
+2. 注意数据同步的性能优化
+3. 建议使用索引优化查询性能
+
+## 参考资料
+
+- [Web3.js文档](https://web3js.readthedocs.io/)
+- [以太坊JSON-RPC API](https://eth.wiki/json-rpc/API)
+- [MongoDB文档](https://docs.mongodb.com/)

basic/83-blockchain-indexer/package.json

@@ -0,0 +1,22 @@
+{
+  "name": "blockchain-indexer",
+  "version": "1.0.0",
+  "description": "A simple blockchain indexer for learning purposes",
+  "main": "src/index.js",
+  "scripts": {
+    "start": "node src/index.js",
+    "dev": "nodemon src/index.js",
+    "test": "jest"
+  },
+  "dependencies": {
+    "web3": "^1.9.0",
+    "express": "^4.18.2",
+    "mongoose": "^7.0.3",
+    "dotenv": "^16.0.3",
+    "winston": "^3.8.2"
+  },
+  "devDependencies": {
+    "jest": "^29.5.0",
+    "nodemon": "^2.0.22"
+  }
+}

basic/83-blockchain-indexer/src/api/routes.js

@@ -0,0 +1,217 @@
+const express = require('express');
+const router = express.Router();
+const Block = require('../models/Block');
+
+// 获取区块信息
+router.get('/block/:blockNumber', async (req, res) => {
+  try {
+    const blockNumber = parseInt(req.params.blockNumber);
+    const blockInfo = await Block.findOne({ number: blockNumber });
+
+    if (!blockInfo) {
+      return res.status(404).json({
+        success: false,
+        error: '区块未找到'
+      });
+    }
+
+    res.json({
+      success: true,
+      data: blockInfo
+    });
+  } catch (error) {
+    res.status(500).json({
+      success: false,
+      error: error.message
+    });
+  }
+});
+
+// 获取交易信息
+router.get('/transaction/:txHash', async (req, res) => {
+  try {
+    const txHash = req.params.txHash;
+    const block = await Block.findOne({ 'transactions.hash': txHash });
+
+    if (!block) {
+      return res.status(404).json({
+        success: false,
+        error: '交易未找到'
+      });
+    }
+
+    const txInfo = block.transactions.find(tx => tx.hash === txHash);
+    res.json({
+      success: true,
+      data: txInfo
+    });
+  } catch (error) {
+    res.status(500).json({
+      success: false,
+      error: error.message
+    });
+  }
+});
+
+// 获取地址的交易历史
+router.get('/address/:address/transactions', async (req, res) => {
+  try {
+    const address = req.params.address.toLowerCase();
+    const page = parseInt(req.query.page) || 1;
+    const limit = parseInt(req.query.limit) || 10;
+    const skip = (page - 1) * limit;
+
+    const query = {
+      $or: [
+        { 'transactions.from': address },
+        { 'transactions.to': address }
+      ]
+    };
+
+    const [blocks, total] = await Promise.all([
+      Block.find(query)
+        .sort({ number: -1 })
+        .skip(skip)
+        .limit(limit),
+      Block.countDocuments(query)
+    ]);
+
+    const transactions = blocks.reduce((acc, block) => {
+      return acc.concat(
+        block.transactions.filter(tx =>
+          tx.from.toLowerCase() === address ||
+          (tx.to && tx.to.toLowerCase() === address)
+        )
+      );
+    }, []);
+
+    res.json({
+      success: true,
+      data: {
+        transactions,
+        pagination: {
+          page,
+          limit,
+          total
+        }
+      }
+    });
+  } catch (error) {
+    res.status(500).json({
+      success: false,
+      error: error.message
+    });
+  }
+});
+
+// 获取最新的区块列表
+router.get('/blocks/latest', async (req, res) => {
+  try {
+    const limit = parseInt(req.query.limit) || 10;
+    const blocks = await Block.find()
+      .sort({ number: -1 })
+      .limit(limit)
+      .select('-transactions');
+
+    res.json({
+      success: true,
+      data: blocks
+    });
+  } catch (error) {
+    res.status(500).json({
+      success: false,
+      error: error.message
+    });
+  }
+});
+
+// 获取最新的交易列表
+router.get('/transactions/latest', async (req, res) => {
+  try {
+    const limit = parseInt(req.query.limit) || 10;
+    const blocks = await Block.find()
+      .sort({ number: -1 })
+      .limit(Math.ceil(limit / 2))
+      .select('transactions');
+
+    const transactions = blocks.reduce((acc, block) => {
+      return acc.concat(block.transactions);
+    }, []).slice(0, limit);
+
+    res.json({
+      success: true,
+      data: transactions
+    });
+  } catch (error) {
+    res.status(500).json({
+      success: false,
+      error: error.message
+    });
+  }
+});
+
+// 搜索功能（支持区块号、交易哈希、地址）
+router.get('/search/:query', async (req, res) => {
+  try {
+    const query = req.params.query;
+    let result = {
+      type: '',
+      data: null
+    };
+
+    // 尝试作为区块号搜索
+    if (/^\d+$/.test(query)) {
+      const block = await Block.findOne({ number: parseInt(query) });
+      if (block) {
+        result = { type: 'block', data: block };
+      }
+    }
+
+    // 尝试作为交易哈希搜索
+    if (!result.data && /^0x[a-fA-F0-9]{64}$/.test(query)) {
+      const block = await Block.findOne({ 'transactions.hash': query });
+      if (block) {
+        const transaction = block.transactions.find(tx => tx.hash === query);
+        if (transaction) {
+          result = { type: 'transaction', data: transaction };
+        }
+      }
+    }
+
+    // 尝试作为地址搜索
+    if (!result.data && /^0x[a-fA-F0-9]{40}$/.test(query)) {
+      const address = query.toLowerCase();
+      const blocks = await Block.find({
+        $or: [
+          { 'transactions.from': address },
+          { 'transactions.to': address }
+        ]
+      }).limit(10);
+
+      if (blocks.length > 0) {
+        const transactions = blocks.reduce((acc, block) => {
+          return acc.concat(
+            block.transactions.filter(tx =>
+              tx.from.toLowerCase() === address ||
+              (tx.to && tx.to.toLowerCase() === address)
+            )
+          );
+        }, []);
+        result = { type: 'address', data: transactions };
+      }
+    }
+
+    res.json({
+      success: true,
+      data: result
+    });
+  } catch (error) {
+    res.status(500).json({
+      success: false,
+      error: error.message
+    });
+  }
+});
+
+
+module.exports = router;