Created term entry for .assign() method for C++ strings

content/cpp/concepts/strings/terms/assign/assign.md

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+---
+Title: '.assign()'
+Description: 'Assigns new content to a string, replacing its current contents with specified characters, substrings, or values.'
+Subjects:
+  - 'Code Foundations'
+  - 'Computer Science'
+Tags:
+  - 'Assignment'
+  - 'Characters'
+  - 'Methods'
+  - 'Strings'
+CatalogContent:
+  - 'learn-c-plus-plus'
+  - 'paths/computer-science'
+---
+
+In C++, the **`.assign()`** method replaces the contents of a string with new characters, allowing precise control over what the string holds. It is commonly used in scenarios such as loops, input parsing, or reusing string variables to optimize memory and performance.
+
+## Syntax
+
+```pseudo
+string.assign(str);                             // Assign entire string
+string.assign(str, subpos, sublen);             // Assign substring from another string
+string.assign("text");                          // Assign from a C-style null-terminated string
+string.assign("text", n);                       // Assign first n characters from a C-string
+string.assign(n, ch);                           // Assign n copies of character ch
+string.assign(first, last);                     // Assign characters from iterator range
+```
+
+**Parameters:**
+
+- `str`: Another `std::string` whose contents will be assigned to the string.
+- `subpos`: The starting index in `str` from which to begin copying.
+- `sublen`: The number of characters to copy from `str` starting at `subpos`.
+- `s`: A C-style null-terminated string (`const char*`) to assign from.
+- `n`:
+  - With C-string: Number of characters to copy from `s`.
+  - With character: Number of times to repeat the character `ch`.
+- `ch`: A character to be repeated `n` times.
+- `first`: Input iterator pointing to the beginning of the range to assign.
+- `last`: Input iterator pointing one past the end of the range.
+
+**Return value:**
+
+- `string&`: Reference to the modified string (`*this`) for method chaining
+
+## Example 1: Assigning a String to Another
+
+In this example, `.assign()` is called on the `greeting` string to copy the value from the `name` string:
+
+```cpp
+#include <iostream>
+#include <string>
+
+int main() {
+  std::string greeting = "Hello";
+  std::string name = "World";
+
+  // Replaces the contents of greeting with name
+  greeting.assign(name);
+
+  std::cout << greeting;
+  return 0;
+}
+```
+
+The output of this code is:
+
+```shell
+World
+```
+
+## Example 2: Assigning a Substring
+
+In this example, `.assign()` is called on the `result` string to copy a portion of the `sentence` string:
+
+```cpp
+#include <iostream>
+#include <string>
+
+int main() {
+  std::string sentence = "Codecademy Docs";
+  std::string result;
+
+  // Assigns the first 9 characters of sentence to result
+  result.assign(sentence, 0, 9);
+
+  std::cout << result;
+  return 0;
+}
+```
+
+The output of this code is:
+
+```shell
+Codecadem
+```
+
+## Example 3: Assigning Using Iterators
+
+In this example, `.assign()` is used to copy a set of characters from the `source` string into the `result` string using iterators:
+
+```cpp
+#include <iostream>
+#include <iostream>
+#include <string>
+
+int main() {
+  std::string source = "Version Control";
+  std::string result;
+
+  // Assigns characters from index 0 to 7 (exclusive)
+  result.assign(source.begin(), source.begin() + 7);
+
+  std::cout << result;
+  return 0;
+}
+```
+
+The output of this code is:
+
+```shell
+Version
+```
+
+## Codebyte Example: Assigning Repeated Characters
+
+In this codebyte example, `.assign()` is used to assign the `line` string with five asterisk characters:
+
+```codebyte/cpp
+#include <iostream>
+#include <string>
+
+int main() {
+  std::string line;
+
+  // Assigns five '*' characters to line
+  line.assign(5, '*');
+
+  std::cout << line;
+  return 0;
+}
+```