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Copyright (c) 2014 CloudFlare Inc. | ||
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Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without | ||
modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions | ||
are met: | ||
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Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright notice, | ||
this list of conditions and the following disclaimer. | ||
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Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright notice, | ||
this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the documentation | ||
and/or other materials provided with the distribution. | ||
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THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS | ||
"AS IS" AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT | ||
LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR | ||
A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE COPYRIGHT | ||
HOLDER OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, | ||
SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED | ||
TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR | ||
PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF | ||
LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING | ||
NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS | ||
SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE. |
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# CF-SSL | ||
## CloudFlare's SSL tool | ||
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CF-SSL is CloudFlare's SSL swiss army knife. It is both a command line | ||
tool and an HTTP API server for signing, verifying, and bundling SSL | ||
certificates. It requires Go 1.3 to build. | ||
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### Using the Command Line Tool | ||
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The command line tool takes a command to specify what operation it | ||
should carry out: | ||
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sign signs a certificate | ||
bundle build a certificate bundle | ||
genkey generate a private key and a certificate request | ||
gencert generate a private key and a certificate | ||
serve start the API server | ||
version prints out the current version | ||
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Use "cfssl [command] -help" to find out more about a command. | ||
The version command takes no arguments. | ||
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#### Signing | ||
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``` | ||
cfssl sign [-ca cert] [-ca-key key] hostname clientcert | ||
``` | ||
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The hostname and clientcert are the client's host name and client | ||
certificate. The `-ca` and `-ca-key` flags are the CA's certificate | ||
and private key, respectively. By default, they are "ca.pem" and "ca_key.pem". | ||
For example, assuming the CA's private key is in | ||
`/etc/ssl/private/cfssl_key.pem` and the CA's certificate is | ||
in `/etc/ssl/certs/cfssl.pem`, to sign the `cloudflare.pem` certificate for | ||
cloudflare.com: | ||
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``` | ||
cfssl sign -ca /etc/ssl/certs/cfssl.pem \ | ||
-ca-key /etc/ssl/private/cfssl_key.pem \ | ||
cloudflare.com ./cloudflare.pem | ||
``` | ||
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It is also possible to specify hostname and clientcert through '-hostname' | ||
and '-cert' flags. By doing so, flag values take precedence and will | ||
overwrite the arguments. | ||
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#### Bundling | ||
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``` | ||
cfssl bundle [-ca-bundle bundle] [-int-bundle bundle] \ | ||
cert [key] [intermediates] | ||
``` | ||
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The bundles are used for the root and intermediate certificate | ||
pools. The certificate and key parameters are paths to the | ||
PEM-encoded client certificate to be bundled. If key is specified, | ||
the bundle will be built and verified with the key. Otherwise the bundle | ||
will be built without a private key. | ||
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It is also possible to specify cert, key and intermediates through '-cert', | ||
'-key' and '-intermediates' respectively. And like other commands, flag | ||
values will take precedence and overwrite the arguments. | ||
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#### Generating certificate signing request and private key | ||
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``` | ||
cfssl genkey csrjson | ||
``` | ||
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To generate a private key and corresponding certificate request, specify | ||
the key request as a JSON file. This file should follow the form | ||
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``` | ||
{ | ||
"hosts": [ | ||
"example.com", | ||
"www.example.com" | ||
], | ||
"key": { | ||
"algo": "rsa", | ||
"size": 2048 | ||
}, | ||
"names": [ | ||
{ | ||
"C": "US", | ||
"L": "San Francisco", | ||
"O": "Internet Widgets, Inc.", | ||
"OU": "WWW", | ||
"ST": "California" | ||
} | ||
] | ||
} | ||
``` | ||
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#### Generating self-signed root CA certificate and private key | ||
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``` | ||
cfssl gencert -initca csrjson | ||
``` | ||
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To generate a self-signed root CA certificate, specify the key request as | ||
the JSON file in the same format as in 'genkey'. Three PEM-encoded entities | ||
will appear in the output: the private key, the csr, and the self-signed | ||
certificate. | ||
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#### Generating a remote-issued certificate and private key. | ||
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``` | ||
cfssl gencert -remote=remote_server hostname csrjson | ||
``` | ||
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This is calls genkey, but has a remote CFSSL server sign and issue | ||
a certificate. | ||
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#### Generating a local-issued certificate and private key. | ||
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``` | ||
cfssl gencert -ca cert -ca-key key hostname csrjson | ||
``` | ||
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This is generates and issues a certificate and private key from a local CA | ||
via a JSON request. | ||
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### Starting the API Server | ||
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CF-SSL comes with an HTTP-based API server; the endpoints are | ||
documented in `doc/api.txt`. The server is started with the "serve" | ||
command: | ||
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``` | ||
cfssl serve [-address address] [-ca cert] [-ca-bundle bundle] \ | ||
[-ca-key key] [-int-bundle bundle] [-port port] | ||
``` | ||
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Address and port default to "127.0.0.1:8888". The `-ca` and `-ca-key` | ||
arguments should be the PEM-encoded certificate and private key to use | ||
for signing; by default, they are "ca.pem" and "ca_key.pem". The | ||
`-ca-bundle` and `-int-bundle` should be the certificate bundles used | ||
for the root and intermediate certificate pools, respectively. These | ||
default to "ca-bundle.crt" and "int-bundle." | ||
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The amount of logging can be controlled with the `-loglevel` option. This | ||
comes *before* the serve command: | ||
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``` | ||
cfssl -loglevel 2 serve | ||
``` | ||
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The levels are: | ||
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* 0. DEBUG | ||
* 1. INFO (this is the default level) | ||
* 2. WARNING | ||
* 3. ERROR | ||
* 4. CRITICAL | ||
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### The mkbundle Utility | ||
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`mkbundle` is used to build the root and intermediate bundles used in | ||
verifying certificates. It can be installed with | ||
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``` | ||
go get github.com/cloudflare/cfssl/mkbundle | ||
``` | ||
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It takes a collection of certificates, checks for CRL revocation (OCSP | ||
support is planned for the next release) and expired certificates, and | ||
bundles them into one file. It takes directories of certificates and | ||
certificate files (which may contain multiple certificates). For example, | ||
if the directory `intermediates` contains a number of intermediate | ||
certificates, | ||
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``` | ||
mkbundle -f int-bundle.crt intermediates | ||
``` | ||
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will check those certificates and combine valid ones into a single | ||
`int-bundle.crt` file. | ||
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The `-f` flag specifies an output name; `-loglevel` specifies the verbosity | ||
of the logging (using the same loglevels above), and `-nw` controls the | ||
number of revocation-checking workers. | ||
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### The cfssljson Utility | ||
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Most of the output from `cfssl` is in JSON. The `cfssljson` will take | ||
this output and split it out into separate key, certificate, CSR, and | ||
bundle files as appropriate. The tool takes a single flag, `-f`, that | ||
specifies the input file, and an argument that specifies the base name for | ||
the files produced. If the input filename is "-" (which is the default), | ||
`cfssljson` reads from standard input. It maps keys in the JSON file to | ||
filenames in the following way: | ||
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* if there is a "cert" (or if not, if there's a "certificate") field, the | ||
file "basename.pem" will be produced. | ||
* if there is a "key" (or if not, if there's a "private_key") field, the | ||
file "basename-key.pem" will be produced. | ||
* if there is a "csr" (or if not, if there's a "certificate_request") field, | ||
the file "basename.csr" will be produced. | ||
* if there is a "bundle" field, the file "basename-bundle.pem" will | ||
be producd. | ||
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### Additional Documentation | ||
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Additional documentation can be found in the "doc/" directory: | ||
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* `api.txt`: documents the API endpoints | ||
* `bootstrap.txt`: a walkthrough from building the package to getting | ||
up and running |
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