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Obtaining python3

Most modern operating systems, with the exception of Windows, come with python3 pre-installed.

If you are using Windows, you can try the chocolatey method.

Otherwise, if you are using an old version of macOS that doesn't ship with the latest python, you can simply run the following command after installing homebrew:

$ brew install [email protected]

Finally, if you are using an old version of Linux that doesn't have a very recent python, you can install your own version of python in your home directory without administrator privileges.

To do this there are two possible roads. Go with conda or go with pyenv. See below for more information.

Installing python with conda

To install miniconda, follow these instructions:

https://conda.io/projects/conda/en/latest/user-guide/install/index.html

If you are using Linux this boils down to downloading an .sh file and running it.

Then you follow the interactive instructions on the terminal. Once the installation is finished, you relaunch a new shell. Finally, you can create a new environment called myenv by typing the following command:

$ conda create -n myenv python=3.9

To activate this environment, type:

$ conda activate myenv

You should now be using the latest version of python.

To check the version of python simply type:

$ python3 -V

Installing python with pyenv

This project enables you to install your own python version in your home directory: https://github.com/yyuu/pyenv

To install it you may use this sister project: https://github.com/yyuu/pyenv-installer

Basically you just need to type this command:

$ curl https://pyenv.run | bash

Then these lines go into your .bash_profile:

$ vim ~/.bash_profile

    export PATH="$HOME/.pyenv/bin:$PATH"
    eval "$(pyenv init -)"
    eval "$(pyenv virtualenv-init -)"

Finally, relaunch your shell for changes to take effect and type these commands to get the right version of python:

$ pyenv install 3.9.5
$ pyenv global 3.9.5
$ pyenv rehash

Obtaining pip3

If you are using a recent Ubuntu operating system and are an administrator of the computer, the following commands should install pip3 onto your computer:

$ sudo apt-get update
$ sudo apt-get install python3-pip

Otherwise, if that didn't work, you can attempt this more generic method that works with a wider range of configurations and doesn't require the sudo command. Use the get-pip script like so:

$ curl -O https://bootstrap.pypa.io/get-pip.py
$ python3 get-pip.py --user

If you still did not succeed, check that you have the following required package installed before running the get-pip script again:

$ sudo apt-get update
$ sudo apt-get install python3-distutils