diff --git a/sections/xx-cross-sector.qmd b/sections/xx-cross-sector.qmd index 0bfedc5..11b7626 100644 --- a/sections/xx-cross-sector.qmd +++ b/sections/xx-cross-sector.qmd @@ -52,19 +52,50 @@ executive director, Brian Nosek, entitled "Strategy for Culture Change" science requires an alignment of not only incentives and values, but also technical infrastructure and user experience. A sociotechnical bridge between these pieces, which makes the adoption of standards possible, and maybe even -easy, and the policy goals, arises from a community of practice that makes +easy, and the policy goals, arises from a community of practice that makes the adoption of standards *normative*. Once all of these pieces are in place, making adoption of open science standards *required* through policy becomes more straightforward and less onerous. ## Funding -While government-set policy is primarily directed towards research that is -funded through governmental funding agencies, there are other ways in which -funding relates to the development of open-source standards. One way is in -funding the development of these standards. For example, the National -Institutes of Health have provided some of the funding for the development of -the Brain Imaging Data Structure standard in neuroscience. Where large governmental funding agencies may not have +Government-set policy intersects with funding considerations. This is because +it is primarily directed towards research that is funded through governmental +funding agencies. For example, high-level policy guidance boils to practice in +guidance for data management plans that are part of funded research. In +response to the policy guidance, these have become increasingly more detailed +and, for example, NSF- and NIH-funded researchers are now required to both +formulate their plans with more clarity and increasingly also to share data +using specified standards as a condition for funding. + +However, there are other ways in which funding relates to the development of +open-source standards. For example, through the BRAIN Initiative, the National +Institutes of Health have provided key funding for the development of the Brain +Imaging Data Structure standard in neuroscience. Where large governmental +funding agencies may not have the resources or agility required to fund nascent +or unconventional ways of formulating standards, funding by non-governmental +philanthropies and other organizations can provide alternatives. One example +(out of many) is the Chan-Zuckerberg Initiative program for Essential Open +Source Software, which funds foundational open-source software projects that +have an application in biomedical sciences. Distinct from NIH funding, however, +some of this investment focuses on the development of OSS practices. For +example, funding to the Arrow project that focuses on developing open-source +software maintenance skills and practices, rather than a specific biomedical +application. + + +## Industry + +Interactions of data and meta-data standards with commercial interests may +provide specific sources of friction. This is because proprietary/closed +formats of data can create difficulty at various transition points: from one +instrument vendor to another, from data producer to downstream recipient/user, +etc. On the other hand, in some cases cross-sector collaborations with +commercial entities may pave the way to robust and useful standards. One +example is the DICOM standard, which is maintained by working groups that +encompass commercial imaging device vendors and researchers. + +