Skip to content

Commit 5733b1f

Browse files
committed
Some corrections
1 parent b1c0341 commit 5733b1f

File tree

2 files changed

+18
-13
lines changed

2 files changed

+18
-13
lines changed

_tutorials/design_features/Unsteady_Shape_Opt_NACA0012.md

+13-13
Original file line numberDiff line numberDiff line change
@@ -35,18 +35,18 @@ the mesh file ([unsteady_naca0012_FFD.su2](../../Unsteady_Shape_Opt_NACA0012/uns
3535

3636
## Tutorial ##
3737

38-
The following tutorial will walk you through the steps required when performing a shape optimization of the NACA0012 airfoil using SU2.
38+
The following tutorial will walk you through the steps required when performing a shape optimization of the NACA0012 airfoil using SU2.
3939
The tutorial will also address procedures for parallel computations.
4040
To this end, it is assumed you have already obtained and compiled SU2_CFD and its adjoint capabilities.
4141
If you have yet to complete these requirements, please see the [Download](/docs/Download/) and [Installation](/docs/Installation/) pages.
4242

4343
### Background ###
4444

45-
This test case is for the NACA0012 airfoil in viscous unsteady flow. The NACA airfoils are two dimensional shapes for aircraft wings developed by the National Advisory Committee for Aeronautics (NACA, 1915-1958, predeccessor of NASA). The NACA-4-Digit series is a set of 78 airfoil configurations, which were created for wind-tunnel tests to explore the effect of different airfoil shapes on aerdynamic coefficients as drag or lift.
45+
This test case is for the NACA0012 airfoil in viscous unsteady flow. The NACA airfoils are two dimensional shapes for aircraft wings developed by the National Advisory Committee for Aeronautics (NACA, 1915-1958, predeccessor of NASA). The NACA-4-Digit series is a set of 78 airfoil configurations which were created for wind-tunnel tests to explore the effect of different airfoil shapes on aerdynamic coefficients as drag or lift.
4646

4747
### Mesh Description ###
4848

49-
The computational domain consists of a grid of 14495 quadrilaterals, that sourrounds the NACA0012 airfoil. We note that this is a very coarse mesh, and should one wish to obtain more accurate solutions for comparison with results in the literature, finer grids should be used.
49+
The computational domain consists of a grid of 14495 quadrilaterals that surrounds the NACA0012 airfoil. Note that this is a very coarse mesh, and should one wish to obtain more accurate solutions for comparison with results in the literature, finer grids should be used.
5050

5151
Two boundary conditions are employed: The Navier-Stokes adiabatic wall condition on the wing surface and the far-field characteristic-based condition on the far-field marker.
5252

@@ -66,7 +66,7 @@ These subsonic flow conditions will cause a detached flow about the airfoil, tha
6666
Depending on the windowing-function used to average the optimization objective, the flow about the optimized geometry will eventually be a steady state flow.
6767

6868
We want to solve an optimization problem with a time dependent system output, e.g. Drag. A meaningful objective and constraint function is therefore a time average over a period.
69-
The period average is approximated by a windowed time-average over a finite time-span $$M$$.
69+
The period average is approximated by a windowed time-average over a finite time-span $$M$$
7070

7171
$$ \frac{1}{M}\int_0^M w(t/M)C_D(\sigma, t) \mathcal{d}t,$$
7272

@@ -102,13 +102,13 @@ $$ s.t. \qquad R(u^n) = 0 \qquad \forall n=1,\dots,N $$
102102

103103
$$ \qquad\qquad\frac{1}{N-n_{tr}} \sum_{n_{tr}}^{N} w\left(\frac{n-n_{tr}}{N-n_{tr}}\right)C_L(\sigma,n) \geq c$$
104104

105-
The optimization constraint is given by the windowed time-averaged lift, that should be greater than a specific value $$c$$. We choose arbitrarily as $$c=0.96$$, which is the windowed
105+
The optimization constraint is given by the windowed time-averaged lift that should be greater than a specific value $$c$$. We choose arbitrarily as $$c=0.96$$, which is the windowed
106106
time-averaged lift of the baseline geometry. The time-span to average both lift and drag is given by $$M =N-n_{tr}$$.
107107

108108

109109
### Configuration File Options ###
110110

111-
To compute the unsteady shape-optimization, we set up the unsteady simulation according to our test case above.
111+
To compute the unsteady shape optimization, we set up the unsteady simulation according to our test case above.
112112
More information about setting up unsteady simulations can be found [here](../Unsteady_NACA0012)
113113

114114
```
@@ -148,13 +148,13 @@ to the one used for the direct simulation. Asymptotically, the convergence speed
148148
it may happen that the adjoint inner iterator needs more iterations to reach a steady state. Make sure that the option `INNER_ITER` is chosen big enough in your test case to get
149149
correct sensitivity results.
150150

151-
Note, that the adjoint iterator runs backwards in time, i.e. it starts at iteration given by `UNST_ADJOINT_START_ITER` and ends at iteration 0.
152-
We set the start iteration to the final iteration of the direct run, i.e. `UNST_ADJOINT_START_ITER = TIME_ITER = 2200`.
151+
Note, that the adjoint iterator runs backwards in time, i.e. it starts at iteration given by `UNST_ADJOINT_ITER` and ends at iteration 0.
152+
We set the start iteration to the final iteration of the direct run, i.e. `UNST_ADJOINT_ITER = TIME_ITER = 2200`.
153153
The time to average the objective and constraint function is given by the option `ITER_AVERAGE_OBJ`. Here we set `ITER_AVERAGE_OBJ=TIME_ITER-WINDOW_START_ITER=700`.
154154

155155
```
156156
%Iteration number to begin the reverse time integration in the direct solver for the unsteady adjoint.
157-
UNST_ADJOINT_START_ITER = 2200
157+
UNST_ADJOINT_ITER = 2200
158158
%
159159
%Number of iterations to average the objective
160160
ITER_AVERAGE_OBJ = 700
@@ -177,16 +177,16 @@ OPT_BOUND_LOWER= -0.05
177177

178178
### Running SU2
179179

180-
With each design iteration, the direct and adjoint solutions are used to compute the objective function and gradient, and the optimizer drives the shape changes with this information in order to minimize the objective. Each flow constraint requires the solution of an additional adjoint problem to compute its gradient (lift in this case). Three other SU2 tools are used in the design process here: SU2_DOT to compute the gradient from the adjoint surface sensitivities and input design space, SU2_GEO to compute wing section thicknesses and their gradients, and SU2_DEF to deform the computational mesh between design cycles. To run this case, follow these steps at a terminal command line:
180+
With each design iteration, the direct and adjoint solutions are used to compute the objective function and gradient, and the optimizer drives the shape changes with this information in order to minimize the objective. Each flow constraint requires the solution of an additional adjoint problem to compute its gradient (lift in this case). Two other SU2 tools are used in the design process here: SU2_DOT to compute the gradient from the adjoint surface sensitivities and input design space, and SU2_DEF to deform the computational mesh between design cycles. To run this case, follow these steps at a terminal command line:
181181

182182
1. Execute the shape optimization script by entering
183183

184184
```
185185
$ shape_optimization.py -f unsteady_naca0012_opt.cfg
186186
```
187187
188-
at the command line, add `-n 16` in case you want to run the optimization in parallel (16 cores). Again, note that Python, NumPy, and SciPy are all required to run the script.
189-
It is recommendend to run this optimization with at least 16 cores. However, if you don't have a high number of cores available, you can reduce the time frame to optimize.
188+
at the command line, add `-n 4` in case you want to run the optimization in parallel (4 cores). Again, note that Python, NumPy, and SciPy are all required to run the script.
189+
It is recommendend to run this optimization with at least 4 cores. However, if you don't have a high number of cores available, you can reduce the time frame to optimize.
190190
One could choose for example
191191
192192
```
@@ -213,7 +213,7 @@ With each design iteration, the direct and adjoint solutions are used to compute
213213
214214
### Results
215215
216-
One can see in Fig. (1) the baseline geometry alonside optimized designs created with different windowing functions.
216+
One can see in Fig. (1) the baseline geometry alongside optimized designs created with different windowing functions.
217217
The following figures display the shape optimization process with different windowing functions. The shape optimization performed with higher order windows, i.e. all windows exept the `SQUARE`-window perform well, whereas the
218218
optimization computied using the `SQUARE`-window struggles to fulfill its optimization constraint.
219219

_tutorials/index.md

+5
Original file line numberDiff line numberDiff line change
@@ -36,6 +36,8 @@ Simulation of external, turbulent flow over a flat plate (classical RANS validat
3636
Simulation of external, transitional flow over a flat plate (transitional latminar-turbulent case).
3737
* [Turbulent ONERAM6](/tutorials/Turbulent_ONERAM6/)
3838
Simulation of external, viscous flow around a 3D geometry (isolated wing) using a turbulence model.
39+
* [Unsteady NACA0012](/tutorials/Unsteady_NACA0012/)
40+
Simulation of unsteady, external, viscous flow around an airfoil.
3941
* [Epistemic Uncertainty Quantification of RANS predictions of NACA 0012 airfoil](/tutorials/UQ_NACA0012/)
4042
Perform uncertainty quantification of errors arising due to assumptions inherent in turbulence models.
4143
* [Non-ideal compressible flow in a supersonic nozzle](/tutorials/NICFD_nozzle/)
@@ -57,6 +59,7 @@ Simulation of internal, laminar, incompressible flow over a backward-facing step
5759
Simulation of internal, laminar, incompressible flow in a differentially-heated cavity under the influence of gravity (classical natural convection case).
5860
* [Heated Cylinders with Conjugate Heat Transfer](/tutorials/Inc_Heated_Cylinders/)
5961
Simulation of a coupled CHT problem incorporating multiple physical zones.
62+
6063
#### Shape Design Features
6164

6265
* [Unconstrained shape design of an transonic inviscid airfoil at a cte. AoA](/tutorials/Inviscid_2D_Unconstrained_NACA0012/)
@@ -67,3 +70,5 @@ Perform an optimal shape design of a 2D geometry (isolated airfoil at turbulent
6770
Learn the basis of 3D design by performing an optimal shape design of an isolated wing with geometrical constraints.
6871
* [Multi-Objective Shape Design of an Inviscid Supersonic Ramp](/tutorials/Multi_Objective_Shape_Design/)
6972
Perform an optimal shape design with multiple objectives and a penalty function
73+
* [Unsteady Shape Optimization](/tutorials/Unsteady_Shape_Opt_NACA0012/)
74+
Shape optimization of an 2D airfoil in unsteady flow conditions.

0 commit comments

Comments
 (0)