Compile_Paper_by_Affiliation.ipynb

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      "Found ['IBM', 'Quantinuum', 'Cambridge Quantum'] in the affiliations section: https://arxiv.org/pdf/2208.05958.pdf\n",
      "\t -- Efficient recovery of variational quantum algorithms landscapes using  classical signal processing\n",
      "1\n",
      "Found ['IBM', 'Quantinuum', 'Cambridge Quantum'] in the affiliations section: https://arxiv.org/pdf/2208.01863.pdf\n",
      "\t -- Implementing Fault-tolerant Entangling Gates on the Five-qubit Code and  the Color Code\n",
      "2\n",
      "Found ['IBM', 'Quantinuum', 'Cambridge Quantum'] in the affiliations section: https://arxiv.org/pdf/2206.07559.pdf\n",
      "\t -- Bayesian Learning of Parameterised Quantum Circuits\n",
      "3\n",
      "Found ['IBM', 'Quantinuum', 'Cambridge Quantum'] in the affiliations section: https://arxiv.org/pdf/2206.05302.pdf\n",
      "\t -- Predicting Gibbs-State Expectation Values with Pure Thermal Shadows\n",
      "4\n",
      "Found ['IBM', 'Quantinuum', 'Cambridge Quantum'] in the affiliations section: https://arxiv.org/pdf/2206.11888.pdf\n",
      "\t -- Transport of multispecies ion crystals through a junction in an RF Paul  trap\n",
      "5\n",
      "Found ['IBM', 'Quantinuum', 'Cambridge Quantum'] in the affiliations section: https://arxiv.org/pdf/2206.08811v1.pdf\n",
      "\t -- Spectral analysis for noise diagnostics and filter-based digital error  mitigation\n",
      "6\n",
      "Found ['IBM', 'Quantinuum', 'Cambridge Quantum'] in the affiliations section: https://arxiv.org/pdf/2205.11427.pdf\n",
      "\t -- Classically optimized Hamiltonian simulation\n",
      "7\n",
      "No ['IBM', 'Quantinuum', 'Cambridge Quantum'] found in the affiliations section: https://arxiv.org/pdf/2204.12985.pdf\n",
      "\t -- Quantum Linear Optics via String Diagrams\n",
      "by defining a functor from the ZX calculus to linear optical circuits. In the process we provide a compositionaltheoryofquantumlinearopticswhichallowstoreasonabouteventsinvolvingmultiple photonssuchasthoserequiredtoperformlinear-opticalandfusion-basedquantumcomputing. tcO 1 Introduction 01 Quantum optics haspioneered experimental testsofentanglement [1],nonlocality [2],teleportation [3], quantum-key distribution [4], and quantum advantage [5]. These experiments ultimately rely on the ]hp-tnauq[ ability to process coherent states of photons in linear optical devices, an intractable task for classical computers [6]. Recently, the potential ofusing linear optics for quantum computing has encouraged the development of both hardware [7]and software [8, 9]for photonic technologies. Thefirstproposal was formulated byKnill,LaflammeandMillburnin2001[10]. Qubitsareencodedinpairsofopticalmodes and quantum computing may be performed using only linear optical elements and photon detectors. Several improvements to the original scheme have been proposed in the literature [11, 12, 13]. Fusion 3v58921.4022:viXra measurements were introduced by Browne and Rudolf [14]. They form the basic ingredient of a recent proposal toachievefault-tolerant quantum computation withphotonic qubits[15]. String diagrams provide an intuitive language for quantum processes [16, 17, 18, 19, 20] and are implicitly employed inquantum software packages such astket [21],PyZX[22],lambeq [23],DisCoPy [24], Quanhoven [25]. On the one hand, Coecke and Duncan [26] introduced the ZX calculus, a graphicallanguageforreasoningaboutqubitquantumcomputing,withapplicationsincircuit-based[27], measurement-based[28],andfaulttolerant[29]quantumcomputing. Theaxiomsofthiscalculusfeature a bialgebra structure governing the 𝑍 and 𝑋 qubit bases. On the other hand, Vicary and Fiore used the symmetric (orbosonic) Fockspacetostudythequantum harmonicoscillator, anddiscovered adifferent bialgebra structure on this infinite dimensional Hilbert space [30, 31]. These two foundational works are hardly ever related in the literature, possibly because of the difference in state space cardinality. However, it is well-known that photons in linear optics behave as quantum harmonic oscillators. Given the developments in linear-optical quantum computing, a formal bridge should be established between qubit-based and photonic QC. This would allow the construction of reliable software for compiling quantum computations intophotonic circuits. Inthispaper,weprovidesuchabridgebydefiningafunctorfromtheZXcalculustolinearoptics. In theprocess, weunifyseveralresultsonthestructureandcombinatorics ofquantumopticalexperiments. We start by studying the category of linear optical circuits, with their classical interpretation in terms of matrices or weighted paths (Sections 2). We then use the work of Vicary [30] to derive a functorial modelforbosoniclinearoptics. Ourfirstcontribution isanexplicitproofthatthismodelisequivalentto themodelbasedonmatrixpermanentsofAaronsonandArkhipov[6](Section3). Second,weintroduce a graphical calculus QPath which allows to compute the amplitudes of linear optical events involving multiplephotons,byrewritingdiagramstonormalform(Section4). Finally,weconstructafunctorfrom ©G.deFelice&B.Coecke Submittedto: Thisworkislicensedunderthe QPL2022 CreativeCommonsAttributionLicense.\n"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "import re\n",
    "import requests\n",
    "from io import BytesIO\n",
    "import PyPDF2\n",
    "import pdfplumber\n",
    "import feedparser\n",
    "\n",
    "# Sample list of links to PDF research papers\n",
    "links = [\n",
    "    \"https://arxiv.org/pdf/2208.05958.pdf\", \n",
    "    \"https://arxiv.org/pdf/2208.01863.pdf\", \n",
    "    \"https://arxiv.org/pdf/2206.07559.pdf\", \n",
    "    \"https://arxiv.org/pdf/2206.05302.pdf\", \n",
    "    \"https://arxiv.org/pdf/2206.11888.pdf\", \n",
    "    \"https://arxiv.org/pdf/2206.08811v1.pdf\", \n",
    "    \"https://arxiv.org/pdf/2205.11427.pdf\", \n",
    "    \"https://arxiv.org/pdf/2204.12985.pdf\", \n",
    "    \"https://arxiv.org/pdf/2204.09725.pdf\", \n",
    "    \"https://arxiv.org/pdf/2203.15546.pdf\", \n",
    "    \"https://arxiv.org/pdf/2203.11216.pdf\", \n",
    "    \"https://arxiv.org/pdf/2201.13250v1.pdf\", \n",
    "    \"https://arxiv.org/pdf/2201.05032.pdf\", \n",
    "    \"https://arxiv.org/pdf/2111.06741.pdf\", \n",
    "    \"https://arxiv.org/pdf/2111.10244.pdf\", \n",
    "    \"https://arxiv.org/pdf/2110.08163.pdf\", \n",
    "    \"https://arxiv.org/pdf/2109.11285.pdf\", \n",
    "    \"https://arxiv.org/pdf/2110.06898v1.pdf\", \n",
    "    \"https://arxiv.org/pdf/2110.04236.pdf\", \n",
    "    \"https://arxiv.org/pdf/2109.08401.pdf\", \n",
    "    \"https://arxiv.org/pdf/2109.04842.pdf\", \n",
    "    \"https://arxiv.org/pdf/2109.04840.pdf\", \n",
    "    \"https://arxiv.org/pdf/2109.03745.pdf\", \n",
    "    \"https://arxiv.org/pdf/2109.03687.pdf\", \n",
    "    \"https://arxiv.org/pdf/2107.04411.pdf\", \n",
    "    \"https://arxiv.org/pdf/2106.10055.pdf\", \n",
    "    \"https://arxiv.org/pdf/2106.07485.pdf\", \n",
    "    \"https://arxiv.org/pdf/2104.04352.pdf\", \n",
    "    \"https://arxiv.org/pdf/2103.15470.pdf\", \n",
    "    \"https://arxiv.org/pdf/2103.07960.pdf\", \n",
    "    \"https://arxiv.org/pdf/2103.06720.pdf\", \n",
    "    \"https://arxiv.org/pdf/2102.12846.pdf\", \n",
    "    \"https://arxiv.org/pdf/2102.10984.pdf\", \n",
    "    \"https://arxiv.org/pdf/2101.02240.pdf\", \n",
    "    \"https://arxiv.org/pdf/2012.03755.pdf\", \n",
    "    \"https://arxiv.org/pdf/2012.03756.pdf\", \n",
    "    \"https://arxiv.org/pdf/2011.01125.pdf\", \n",
    "    \"https://arxiv.org/pdf/2009.12361.pdf\", \n",
    "    \"https://arxiv.org/pdf/2009.06551.pdf\", \n",
    "    \"https://arxiv.org/pdf/2008.08694.pdf\", \n",
    "    \"https://arxiv.org/pdf/2007.15957.pdf\", \n",
    "    \"https://arxiv.org/pdf/2007.10515.pdf\", \n",
    "    \"https://arxiv.org/pdf/2005.04147.pdf\", \n",
    "    \"https://arxiv.org/pdf/2005.02975.pdf\", \n",
    "    \"https://arxiv.org/pdf/2001.00862.pdf\", \n",
    "    \"https://arxiv.org/pdf/1910.05168.pdf\", \n",
    "    \"https://arxiv.org/pdf/1910.04735.pdf\"\n",
    "]\n",
    "\n",
    "# List of keywords to check in the authors' section\n",
    "keywords = [\"IBM\", \"Quantinuum\", \"Cambridge Quantum\"]\n",
    "\n",
    "def download_pdf(link):\n",
    "    response = requests.get(link)\n",
    "    pdf_file = BytesIO(response.content)\n",
    "    return pdf_file\n",
    "\n",
    "def extract_arxiv_id_from_pdf_link(link):\n",
    "    # Extract the arXiv ID from the PDF link\n",
    "    arxiv_id = link.split('/')[-1].split('.pdf')[0]\n",
    "    return arxiv_id\n",
    "\n",
    "def extract_title_from_arxiv_id(arxiv_id):\n",
    "    # Fetch the metadata from the arXiv API\n",
    "    api_url = f\"http://export.arxiv.org/api/query?id_list={arxiv_id}\"\n",
    "    feed = feedparser.parse(api_url)\n",
    "\n",
    "    # Extract the title from the metadata\n",
    "    if 'entries' in feed and len(feed['entries']) > 0:\n",
    "        title = feed['entries'][0]['title']\n",
    "        # Join the title lines into a single line\n",
    "        title = ''.join(title.split('\\n')).strip()\n",
    "        \n",
    "        return title\n",
    "    \n",
    "    return \"\"\n",
    "\n",
    "def extract_affiliations(pdf_file):\n",
    "    with pdfplumber.open(pdf_file) as pdf:\n",
    "        first_page = pdf.pages[0]\n",
    "        text = first_page.extract_text()\n",
    "\n",
    "        # Split the text into lines\n",
    "        lines = text.split('\\n')\n",
    "\n",
    "        # Find the line containing the author names\n",
    "        author_line_index = -1\n",
    "        for i, line in enumerate(lines):\n",
    "            if re.search(r'\\b(?:and|,)\\s+\\b', line):\n",
    "                author_line_index = i\n",
    "                break\n",
    "\n",
    "        # Extract the affiliations after the author names\n",
    "        affiliations = ' '.join(lines[author_line_index + 1:])\n",
    "\n",
    "        return affiliations\n",
    "\n",
    "def contains_keywords(affiliations, keywords):\n",
    "    for keyword in keywords:\n",
    "        if keyword.lower() in affiliations.lower():\n",
    "            return True\n",
    "    return False\n",
    "\n",
    "matching_papers = 0\n",
    "\n",
    "for link in links:\n",
    "    pdf_file = download_pdf(link)\n",
    "    arxiv_id = extract_arxiv_id_from_pdf_link(link)\n",
    "    title = extract_title_from_arxiv_id(arxiv_id)\n",
    "    affiliations = extract_affiliations(pdf_file)\n",
    "    \n",
    "    if contains_keywords(affiliations, keywords):\n",
    "        print(f\"Found {keywords} in the affiliations section: {link}\\n\\t -- {title}\")\n",
    "        matching_papers+=1\n",
    "    else:\n",
    "        print(f\"No {keywords} found in the affiliations section: {link}\\n\\t -- {title}\")\n",
    "        print(affiliations)\n",
    "        break\n",
    "        \n",
    "    print(matching_papers)"
   ]
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