Schema Analyzer to infer component schemas from classes (#498)

Implements `ComponentAnalyzer.GenerateSchema` which takes either an
assembly or a list of component resources and produces a serializable
package schema structure. Infers component resources and their dependent
types. Here are the features that this PR implements and tests:

- [x] Inputs
- [x] Outputs
- [x] Plain types
- [x] Boolean, integer, number, string
- [x] Complex types
- [x] Nested complex types
- [x] Self-recursive complex types
- [x] Mutually recursive complex types
- [x] Required properties & inputs
- [ ] Component description
- [ ] Complex type description
- [ ] Property description
- [x] Optional
- [x] Array
- [x] Map
- [x] Asset/Archive
- [ ] Resource reference
- [ ] Discriminated Union
- [ ] Enum
- [ ] Methods
- [ ] References to component in same provider
- [ ] pulumi.Any

Resolve #468 (we'll track
missing features in separate issues)

Author: mikhailshilkov

.changes/unreleased/Improvements-468.yaml

@@ -0,0 +1,6 @@
+component: sdk/provider
+kind: Improvements
+body: Schema Analyzer to infer component schemas from classes
+time: 2025-02-21T17:13:41.55643+01:00
+custom:
+    PR: "468"