Feat: Add new advanced variadic generics challenge, inspired by scala's 'tupled' function

Author: stewartHutchins

challenges/advanced-variadic-generics2/hints.md

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+Check out [TypeVarTuple](https://docs.python.org/3/library/typing.html#typing.TypeVarTuple).

challenges/advanced-variadic-generics2/question.py

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+"""
+TODO:
+
+Define an "tupled" function that accepts a function and returns a function with some arguments in the form of a tuple.
+The return type should remain unchanged.
+(if you're familiar with scala, this is the "tupled" function)
+"""
+
+
+def tupled(func):
+    def impl(args):
+        return func(*args)
+
+    return impl
+
+
+## End of your code ##
+from typing import Any
+
+
+def func0() -> Any:
+    ...
+
+
+def func1(s: str) -> Any:
+    ...
+
+
+def func2(s: str, i: int) -> Any:
+    ...
+
+
+func0_tupled = tupled(func0)
+func0_tupled(())
+func0_tupled()  # expect-type-error
+
+func1_tupled = tupled(func1)
+func1_tupled(("a",))
+func1_tupled("a")  # expect-type-error
+func1_tupled(1)  # expect-type-error
+
+func2_tupled = tupled(func2)
+func2_tupled(("a", 1))
+func2_tupled(("a", "b"))  # expect-type-error
+func2_tupled("a", 1)  # expect-type-error

challenges/advanced-variadic-generics2/solution.py

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+"""
+TODO:
+
+Define an "tupled" function that accepts a function and returns a function with some arguments in the form of a tuple.
+The return type should remain unchanged.
+(if you're familiar with scala, this is the "tupled" function)
+"""
+from typing import Callable
+
+
+def tupled[*Ts, R](func: Callable[[*Ts], R]) -> Callable[[tuple[*Ts]], R]:
+    def impl(args: tuple[*Ts]) -> R:
+        return func(*args)
+
+    return impl
+
+
+## End of your code ##
+from typing import Any
+
+
+def func0() -> Any:
+    ...
+
+
+def func1(s: str) -> Any:
+    ...
+
+
+def func2(s: str, i: int) -> Any:
+    ...
+
+
+func0_tupled = tupled(func0)
+func0_tupled(())
+func0_tupled()  # expect-type-error
+
+func1_tupled = tupled(func1)
+func1_tupled(("a",))
+func1_tupled("a")  # expect-type-error
+func1_tupled(1)  # expect-type-error
+
+func2_tupled = tupled(func2)
+func2_tupled(("a", 1))
+func2_tupled(("a", "b"))  # expect-type-error
+func2_tupled("a", 1)  # expect-type-error