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‎OWNERS

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reviewers:
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- brendandburns
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- thockin
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- zmerlynn
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approvers:
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- brendandburns
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- eparis
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- thockin
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- zmerlynn

‎README.md

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# examples
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Kubernetes application example tutorials
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# Kubernetes Examples: releases.k8s.io/HEAD
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Home for examples to be moved from kubernetes/kubernetes/examples
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This directory contains a number of examples of how to run
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real applications with Kubernetes.
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Demonstrations of how to use specific Kubernetes features can be found in our [documents](../docs/).
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### Maintained Examples
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Maintained Examples are expected to be updated with every Kubernetes
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release, to use the latest and greatest features, current guidelines
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and best practices, and to refresh command syntax, output, changed
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prerequisites, as needed.
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|Name | Description | Notable Features Used | Complexity Level|
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------------- | ------------- | ------------ | ------------ |
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|[Guestbook](guestbook/) | PHP app with Redis | Replication Controller, Service | Beginner |
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|[WordPress](mysql-wordpress-pd/) | WordPress with MySQL | Deployment, Persistent Volume with Claim | Beginner|
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|[Cassandra](storage/cassandra/) | Cloud Native Cassandra | Daemon Set | Intermediate
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* Note: Please add examples to the list above that are maintained.
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See [Example Guidelines](guidelines.md) for a description of what goes
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in this directory, and what examples should contain.

‎staging/BUILD

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package(default_visibility = ["//visibility:public"])
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licenses(["notice"])
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load(
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"@io_bazel_rules_go//go:def.bzl",
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"go_library",
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"go_test",
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)
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filegroup(
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name = "config",
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srcs = glob([
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"**/*.yaml",
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"**/*.yml",
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"**/*.json",
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]) + [
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"pod",
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],
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)
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filegroup(
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name = "sources",
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srcs = glob([
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"**/*",
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]),
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)
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go_library(
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name = "go_default_library",
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srcs = ["doc.go"],
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tags = ["automanaged"],
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)
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go_test(
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name = "go_default_xtest",
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srcs = ["examples_test.go"],
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tags = ["automanaged"],
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deps = [
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"//pkg/api:go_default_library",
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"//pkg/api/testapi:go_default_library",
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"//pkg/api/validation:go_default_library",
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"//pkg/apis/apps:go_default_library",
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"//pkg/apis/apps/validation:go_default_library",
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"//pkg/apis/batch:go_default_library",
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"//pkg/apis/extensions:go_default_library",
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"//pkg/apis/extensions/validation:go_default_library",
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"//pkg/capabilities:go_default_library",
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"//pkg/registry/batch/job:go_default_library",
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"//plugin/pkg/scheduler/api:go_default_library",
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"//plugin/pkg/scheduler/api/latest:go_default_library",
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"//vendor/github.com/golang/glog:go_default_library",
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"//vendor/k8s.io/apimachinery/pkg/apis/meta/v1:go_default_library",
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"//vendor/k8s.io/apimachinery/pkg/runtime:go_default_library",
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"//vendor/k8s.io/apimachinery/pkg/types:go_default_library",
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"//vendor/k8s.io/apimachinery/pkg/util/validation/field:go_default_library",
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"//vendor/k8s.io/apimachinery/pkg/util/yaml:go_default_library",
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],
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)
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filegroup(
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name = "package-srcs",
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srcs = glob(["**"]),
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tags = ["automanaged"],
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visibility = ["//visibility:private"],
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)
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filegroup(
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name = "all-srcs",
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srcs = [
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":package-srcs",
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"//examples/explorer:all-srcs",
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"//examples/guestbook-go:all-srcs",
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"//examples/https-nginx:all-srcs",
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"//examples/sharing-clusters:all-srcs",
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],
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tags = ["automanaged"],
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)

‎staging/cluster-dns/README.md

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## Kubernetes DNS example
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This is a toy example demonstrating how to use kubernetes DNS.
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### Step Zero: Prerequisites
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This example assumes that you have forked the repository and [turned up a Kubernetes cluster](../../docs/getting-started-guides/). Make sure DNS is enabled in your setup, see [DNS doc](https://github.com/kubernetes/dns).
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```sh
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$ cd kubernetes
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$ hack/dev-build-and-up.sh
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```
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### Step One: Create two namespaces
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We'll see how cluster DNS works across multiple [namespaces](https://kubernetes.io/docs/concepts/overview/working-with-objects/namespaces/), first we need to create two namespaces:
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```sh
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$ kubectl create -f examples/cluster-dns/namespace-dev.yaml
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$ kubectl create -f examples/cluster-dns/namespace-prod.yaml
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```
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Now list all namespaces:
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```sh
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$ kubectl get namespaces
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NAME LABELS STATUS
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default <none> Active
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development name=development Active
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production name=production Active
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```
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For kubectl client to work with each namespace, we define two contexts:
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```sh
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$ kubectl config set-context dev --namespace=development --cluster=${CLUSTER_NAME} --user=${USER_NAME}
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$ kubectl config set-context prod --namespace=production --cluster=${CLUSTER_NAME} --user=${USER_NAME}
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```
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You can view your cluster name and user name in kubernetes config at ~/.kube/config.
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### Step Two: Create backend replication controller in each namespace
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Use the file [`examples/cluster-dns/dns-backend-rc.yaml`](dns-backend-rc.yaml) to create a backend server [replication controller](https://kubernetes.io/docs/concepts/workloads/controllers/replicationcontroller/) in each namespace.
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```sh
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$ kubectl config use-context dev
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$ kubectl create -f examples/cluster-dns/dns-backend-rc.yaml
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```
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Once that's up you can list the pod in the cluster:
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```sh
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$ kubectl get rc
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CONTROLLER CONTAINER(S) IMAGE(S) SELECTOR REPLICAS
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dns-backend dns-backend ddysher/dns-backend name=dns-backend 1
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```
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Now repeat the above commands to create a replication controller in prod namespace:
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```sh
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$ kubectl config use-context prod
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$ kubectl create -f examples/cluster-dns/dns-backend-rc.yaml
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$ kubectl get rc
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CONTROLLER CONTAINER(S) IMAGE(S) SELECTOR REPLICAS
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dns-backend dns-backend ddysher/dns-backend name=dns-backend 1
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```
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### Step Three: Create backend service
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Use the file [`examples/cluster-dns/dns-backend-service.yaml`](dns-backend-service.yaml) to create
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a [service](https://kubernetes.io/docs/concepts/services-networking/service/) for the backend server.
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```sh
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$ kubectl config use-context dev
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$ kubectl create -f examples/cluster-dns/dns-backend-service.yaml
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```
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Once that's up you can list the service in the cluster:
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```sh
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$ kubectl get service dns-backend
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NAME CLUSTER_IP EXTERNAL_IP PORT(S) SELECTOR AGE
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dns-backend 10.0.2.3 <none> 8000/TCP name=dns-backend 1d
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```
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Again, repeat the same process for prod namespace:
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```sh
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$ kubectl config use-context prod
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$ kubectl create -f examples/cluster-dns/dns-backend-service.yaml
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$ kubectl get service dns-backend
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NAME CLUSTER_IP EXTERNAL_IP PORT(S) SELECTOR AGE
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dns-backend 10.0.2.4 <none> 8000/TCP name=dns-backend 1d
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```
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### Step Four: Create client pod in one namespace
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Use the file [`examples/cluster-dns/dns-frontend-pod.yaml`](dns-frontend-pod.yaml) to create a client [pod](https://kubernetes.io/docs/concepts/workloads/pods/pod/) in dev namespace. The client pod will make a connection to backend and exit. Specifically, it tries to connect to address `http://dns-backend.development.cluster.local:8000`.
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```sh
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$ kubectl config use-context dev
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$ kubectl create -f examples/cluster-dns/dns-frontend-pod.yaml
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```
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Once that's up you can list the pod in the cluster:
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```sh
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$ kubectl get pods dns-frontend
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NAME READY STATUS RESTARTS AGE
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dns-frontend 0/1 ExitCode:0 0 1m
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```
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Wait until the pod succeeds, then we can see the output from the client pod:
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```sh
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$ kubectl logs dns-frontend
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2015-05-07T20:13:54.147664936Z 10.0.236.129
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2015-05-07T20:13:54.147721290Z Send request to: http://dns-backend.development.cluster.local:8000
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2015-05-07T20:13:54.147733438Z <Response [200]>
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2015-05-07T20:13:54.147738295Z Hello World!
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```
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Please refer to the [source code](images/frontend/client.py) about the log. First line prints out the ip address associated with the service in dev namespace; remaining lines print out our request and server response.
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If we switch to prod namespace with the same pod config, we'll see the same result, i.e. dns will resolve across namespace.
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```sh
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$ kubectl config use-context prod
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$ kubectl create -f examples/cluster-dns/dns-frontend-pod.yaml
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$ kubectl logs dns-frontend
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2015-05-07T20:13:54.147664936Z 10.0.236.129
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2015-05-07T20:13:54.147721290Z Send request to: http://dns-backend.development.cluster.local:8000
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2015-05-07T20:13:54.147733438Z <Response [200]>
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2015-05-07T20:13:54.147738295Z Hello World!
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```
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#### Note about default namespace
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If you prefer not using namespace, then all your services can be addressed using `default` namespace, e.g. `http://dns-backend.default.svc.cluster.local:8000`, or shorthand version `http://dns-backend:8000`
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### tl; dr;
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For those of you who are impatient, here is the summary of the commands we ran in this tutorial. Remember to set first `$CLUSTER_NAME` and `$USER_NAME` to the values found in `~/.kube/config`.
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```sh
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# create dev and prod namespaces
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kubectl create -f examples/cluster-dns/namespace-dev.yaml
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kubectl create -f examples/cluster-dns/namespace-prod.yaml
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# create two contexts
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kubectl config set-context dev --namespace=development --cluster=${CLUSTER_NAME} --user=${USER_NAME}
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kubectl config set-context prod --namespace=production --cluster=${CLUSTER_NAME} --user=${USER_NAME}
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# create two backend replication controllers
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kubectl config use-context dev
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kubectl create -f examples/cluster-dns/dns-backend-rc.yaml
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kubectl config use-context prod
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kubectl create -f examples/cluster-dns/dns-backend-rc.yaml
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# create backend services
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kubectl config use-context dev
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kubectl create -f examples/cluster-dns/dns-backend-service.yaml
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kubectl config use-context prod
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kubectl create -f examples/cluster-dns/dns-backend-service.yaml
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# create a pod in each namespace and get its output
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kubectl config use-context dev
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kubectl create -f examples/cluster-dns/dns-frontend-pod.yaml
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kubectl logs dns-frontend
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kubectl config use-context prod
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kubectl create -f examples/cluster-dns/dns-frontend-pod.yaml
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kubectl logs dns-frontend
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```
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<!-- BEGIN MUNGE: GENERATED_ANALYTICS -->
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[![Analytics](https://kubernetes-site.appspot.com/UA-36037335-10/GitHub/examples/cluster-dns/README.md?pixel)]()
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<!-- END MUNGE: GENERATED_ANALYTICS -->

‎staging/cluster-dns/dns-backend-rc.yaml

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apiVersion: v1
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kind: ReplicationController
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metadata:
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name: dns-backend
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labels:
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name: dns-backend
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spec:
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replicas: 1
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selector:
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name: dns-backend
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template:
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metadata:
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labels:
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name: dns-backend
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spec:
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containers:
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- name: dns-backend
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image: gcr.io/google_containers/example-dns-backend:v1
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ports:
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- name: backend-port
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containerPort: 8000

‎staging/cluster-dns/dns-backend-service.yaml

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kind: Service
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apiVersion: v1
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metadata:
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name: dns-backend
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spec:
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ports:
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- port: 8000
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selector:
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name: dns-backend

‎staging/cluster-dns/dns-frontend-pod.yaml

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apiVersion: v1
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kind: Pod
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metadata:
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name: dns-frontend
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labels:
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name: dns-frontend
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spec:
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containers:
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- name: dns-frontend
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image: gcr.io/google_containers/example-dns-frontend:v1
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command:
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- python
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- client.py
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- http://dns-backend.development.svc.cluster.local:8000
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imagePullPolicy: Always
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restartPolicy: Never

‎staging/cluster-dns/images/backend/Dockerfile

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# Copyright 2016 The Kubernetes Authors.
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#
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# Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
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# you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
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# You may obtain a copy of the License at
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#
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# http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
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#
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# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
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# distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
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# WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
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# See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
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# limitations under the License.
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FROM python:2.7-slim
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COPY . /dns-backend
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WORKDIR /dns-backend
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CMD ["python", "server.py"]

‎staging/cluster-dns/images/backend/Makefile

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# Copyright 2016 The Kubernetes Authors.
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#
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# Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
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# you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
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# You may obtain a copy of the License at
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#
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# http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
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#
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# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
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# distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
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# WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
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# See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
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# limitations under the License.
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TAG = v1
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PREFIX = gcr.io/google_containers
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IMAGE = example-dns-backend
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all: push
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image:
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docker build --pull -t $(PREFIX)/$(IMAGE):$(TAG) .
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push: image
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gcloud docker -- push $(PREFIX)/$(IMAGE)
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clean:

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