Merge pull request #3125 from chilipenko/patch-2

Add Number.isNaN and Number.isFinite

Author: iliakan

1-js/05-data-types/02-number/article.md

@@ -334,6 +334,35 @@ alert( isFinite(num) );
 
 Please note that an empty or a space-only string is treated as `0` in all numeric functions including `isFinite`.
 
+````smart header="`Number.isNaN` and `Number.isFinite`"
+[Number.isNaN](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/Number/isNaN) and [Number.isFinite](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/Number/isFinite) methods are the more "strict" versions of `isNaN` and `isFinite` functions. They do not autoconvert their argument into a number, but check if it belongs to the `number` type instead.
+
+- `Number.isNaN(value)` returns `true` if the argument belongs to the `number` type and it is `NaN`. In any other case it returns `false`.
+
+    ```js run
+    alert( Number.isNaN(NaN) ); // true
+    alert( Number.isNaN("str" / 2) ); // true
+    
+    // Note the difference:
+    alert( Number.isNaN("str") ); // false, because "str" belongs to the string type, not the number type
+    alert( isNaN("str") ); // true, because isNaN converts string "str" into a number and gets NaN as a result of this conversion
+    ```
+
+- `Number.isFinite(value)` returns `true` if the argument belongs to the `number` type and it is not `NaN/Infinity/-Infinity`. In any other case it returns `false`.
+
+    ```js run
+    alert( Number.isFinite(123) ); // true
+    alert( Number.isFinite(Infinity) ); //false
+    alert( Number.isFinite(2 / 0) ); // false
+    
+    // Note the difference:
+    alert( Number.isFinite("123") ); // false, because "123" belongs to the string type, not the number type
+    alert( isFinite("123") ); // true, because isFinite converts string "123" into a number 123
+    ```
+    
+Do not consider `Number.isNaN` and `Number.isFinite` methods as the more "correct" versions of `isNaN` and `isFinite` functions. They complement each other and are equally essential for different tasks.
+````
+
 ```smart header="Compare with `Object.is`"
 There is a special built-in method `Object.is` that compares values like `===`, but is more reliable for two edge cases:
 
@@ -435,7 +464,9 @@ For different numeral systems:
 For regular number tests:
 
 - `isNaN(value)` converts its argument to a number and then tests it for being `NaN`
-- `isFinite(value)` converts its argument to a number and returns `true` if it's a regular number, not `NaN/Infinity/-Infinity`
+- `Number.isNaN(value)` checks whether its argument belongs to the `number` type, and if so, tests it for being `NaN`
+- `isFinite(value)` converts its argument to a number and then tests it for not being `NaN/Infinity/-Infinity`
+- `Number.isFinite(value)` checks whether its argument belongs to the `number` type, and if so, tests it for not being `NaN/Infinity/-Infinity`
 
 For converting values like `12pt` and `100px` to a number: