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Kven Finnish language model documentation

All doc-comment documentation in one large file.

src-cg3-disambiguator.cg3.md

Disambiguator for Kven

Sets

Sentence delimiters are the following: "<.>" "<...>" "<!>" "<?>" "<¶>"

Part-of-Speech

  • N = noun
  • A = adjective
  • Num = numeral
  • V = verb
  • Adv = adverb
  • Pcle = particle
  • Pr = preposition
  • Po = postposition
  • Pron = pronoun
  • Interj = interjection

Numerus

  • Sg = Singular
  • Pl = Plural
  • Sg1 = Singular 1.p.
  • Sg2 = Singular 2.p.
  • Sg3 = Singular 3.p.
  • Pl1 = Plural 1.p.
  • Pl2 = Plural 2.p.
  • Pl3 = Plural 3.p.

Cases

  • Nom
  • Gen
  • Acc
  • Par
  • Ine
  • Ill
  • Ela
  • Ade
  • Abe
  • All
  • Abl
  • Ess
  • Tra
  • Ins
  • Com
  • SUBJ-CASE = Nom Par

Types

  • Prop = Proper noun

  • Interr = Interrogative

  • Dem = demonstrative pron

  • Rel = Relative pron Relpronpl "mikkä ja "jokka" Relpronsg "mikä" ja "joka" Interrpronpl "kuka" ja "mikä"

  • Pers = Personal pron

  • Indef = Indef pron

  • Inf = Infinitive

  • ConNeg = Conjugated as Negative form

  • PrfPrc = Perfectum Particip

  • Imprt = Imperative

  • Act = Active

  • Neg = Negation verb

  • COMMA = comma

  • Foc/kaan = focus clitic -kaan

  • Sem/Fem = feminin propernoun

Sets with more members

  • WORD = all PoS

  • NPMOD = these can modify a noun

  • NPMODADV = NPMOD plus adverb

  • NOT-NPMOD = these cannot modify a noun

  • NOT-NPMODADV = these cannot modify a noun, and is not adverb

  • QVANT-ADV = e.g. paljon, vähän

  • KUNKA = e.g. kunka missä (adverbs that start a sentence)

Boundaries

  • S-BOUNDARY = words that start a sentence

Verbs

  • SV-BOUNDARY = words that start a sentence and finite verb

Disambiguation rules

Dialects

Early rules

  • person_test selects finite verb if there is a Pron Pers to the left

  • adv_after_V selects adverb if there is a verb to the right

  • prop_infrontof_kieli removes propernoun in fron of kieli, if it kan be something else, e.g. Kainun kieli

  • PropInit removes propernoun in the beginning of a sentence if it kan be a CC or a Pr (e.g. Mutta)

  • PropNotInit selects propernoun if it is not in the beginning of a sentence

Possessive suffixes

Numeral phrases

Preposition/postposition/adverb rules

  • Prifgenpar selects preposition to the left of Gen or Par

  • Poifgenpar selects postposition to the right of Gen or Par

  • vasthaan

Rules for mapping @CVP and @CNP on the CC and CS

  • CVP maps @CVP to CS and mutta

  • CNPifN maps @CNP to CC between two N

  • CNPifInf maps @CNP to CC between two Inf

Case rules

Partitive

Genitive

Illative

Number rules

More disambiguation rules

  • SgNotPl

Elative

Propernouns

Verbs

Specific verbs

ei negation verb

eli

Adverbs

paljon

kerran

jälkhiin

Adjectives

Conjunctions

Subjunctions

että

jos

ko

sillä

Pronouns

Verb rules, Verbs

Infinitive

Present Sg3

Present Pl3 or Passive

Imperative

  • Pl3ollaifplrelpronandplinterrpron selects Pl3 if olla

  • Sg3ollaifplrelpronandplinterrpron selects Sg3 if olla

  • Sg3ollainpretandperf selects Sg3 if COPULAS

  • Sg3ollainpretandperf selects Sg3 if COPULAS

  • Relpronandnotintterpron selects Rel Sg if Interr

  • Relpronandnotintterpron selects Rel Sg if Interr

  • interrpron selects Interr if ? in the end

  • DifferenceBetweenNiitäImprtAndNiitäDemAndPersIfSubj selects Pron Dem Pl or Pron Pers Pl3 when finite verb to the right

  • paljonadvandnotpaljonoun selects Adv if paljon

  • Relpronifitsanounoracommabeforeit selects Rel Pl if N to the left

  • annaimperativeandnotannaname removes Prop if Anna se

  • tulinounfromtuliprtsg3 selects V Sg

  • dempronandnotpronpers selects Den if A of N to the right

  • Imperativefromconneg selects and removes ConNeg

  • ImperativeafterNeg removes Imprt if pronoun

  • interrel selects Interr of Rel if CS to the right

  • +FMAINV to the remaining finite verbs which are not AUX

HNOUN MAPPING

  • @<ADVLcoor (@<ADVL) for ADVLCASEAdv if @CNP to the left and ADVL to the left of it

  • X maps X everywhere

  • REMOVE X removes X whenever there is any other tag.

  • WORDLEMMA = regex giving the lemma in question

  • errorth removes Err/Orth if there is an analysis without Err/Orth with the same lemma

This (part of) documentation was generated from src/cg3/disambiguator.cg3

src-cg3-korp.cg3.md

S Y N T A C T I C F U N C T I O N S F O R S Á M I

Sámi language technology project 2003-2014, University of Tromsø #

!!For Korp:

Here we remove special tags for MT

! smeRemove removes the language tags , , etc, before proceeding to the dep file.

Here we remove semantic tags for all other words than proper nouns.

This (part of) documentation was generated from src/cg3/korp.cg3

src-cg3-old_disambiguation.cg3.md

  • X maps X everywhere

  • REMOVE X removes X whenever there is any other tag.

This (part of) documentation was generated from src/cg3/old_disambiguation.cg3

src-fst-morphology-affixes-abbreviations.lexc.md

  • **LEXICON ab-noun **

  • **LEXICON ab-adj **

  • **LEXICON ab-adv **

  • **LEXICON ab-num **

Lexicons without final period

  • **LEXICON ab-nodot-noun ** The bulk

  • **LEXICON ab-nodot-adj **

  • **LEXICON ab-nodot-adv **

  • **LEXICON ab-nodot-num **

Lexicons with final period

  • **LEXICON ab-dot-noun ** This is the lexicon for abbrs that must have a period.

  • **LEXICON ab-dot-adj ** This is the lexicon for abbrs that must have a period.

  • **LEXICON ab-dot-adv ** This is the lexicon for abbrs that must have a period.

  • **LEXICON ab-dot-num ** This is the lexicon for abbrs that must have a period.

  • **LEXICON ab-dot-cc **

  • **LEXICON ab-dot-verb **

  • **LEXICON nodot-attrnomaccgen-infl **

  • **LEXICON nodot-attr-infl **

  • **LEXICON nodot-nomaccgen-infl **

  • **LEXICON dot-attrnomaccgen-infl **

  • **LEXICON dot-attr **

  • **LEXICON dot-nomaccgen-infl **

  • **LEXICON DOT ** - Adds the dot to dotted abbreviations.

This (part of) documentation was generated from src/fst/morphology/affixes/abbreviations.lexc

src-fst-morphology-affixes-adjectives.lexc.md

Affix file for Kven adjectives

The base lexica

Each a_ lexicon gets the +A tag and is then redirected to a common x_ lexicon in the noun file, while compar and superl are here.

long_par ;

  • LEXICON vanha_nocomp_a_21

  • LEXICON a_11_i siisti

  • LEXICON a_11 hieno, tuttu, syyry

  • LEXICON a_11_E2I moni, umpi, pälvi

  • LEXICON a_11_ae väärä, nöyrä

  • LEXICON a_21 liberaali !TODO: selvittää kannattaako siirtää osa sanoista toiseen ryhmään vai muuttaa tämän ryhmän nimen

  • LEXICON a_21_odd loistaava

  • LEXICON a_21_odd_AO latuska

  • LEXICON a_31 = pää

  • LEXICON a_31_ee pimmee, valkkee, kauhhee, hoppee ! TODO sort out nouns and adjectives

  • LEXICON a_31_ii auttii

  • LEXICON a_31_uu liehmuu

  • LEXICON vanha_a_23ea pimeä. Is Jok verson of vanha_a_23, never called from stems/adjectives.lexc

  • LEXICON a_12 pieni

  • LEXICON a_12_si uusi. uussiin only por, always one s in Var

  • LEXICON a_22 tyven

  • LEXICON vanha_a_32m irtain

  • LEXICON a_22_ma vasen sg taipuu kuitenki -ma, lämmin:lämpi

  • LEXICON a_32_as raskas

  • LEXICON a_32_paras vain sannaa paras varten

  • LEXICON vanha_a_33aes sinnikäs

  • LEXICON a_32_is valmis, kaunis

  • LEXICON a_32_kärys kärys, so far this is the only word

  • LEXICON a_32_et tuoret

  • LEXICON a_32_u vaipunu:vaipun ! perfect participle

  • LEXICON a_32_väsynyt väsyny:väsyn, so far this is the only word ! perfect participle

  • LEXICON a_32_nny hengistynny:hengistyn

  • LEXICON a_32_nnu ravistunnu:ravistun

  • LEXICON a_32_lly käsitelly:käsitel

  • LEXICON a_32_llu tervettullu:tervet#tul

  • LEXICON a_22_excns = veres

  • LEXICON a_22_excns_mus = isomus

  • LEXICON a_22_inen varovainen

  • LEXICON a_22_inen_odd sininen

LEXICON MATON ! TODO TODO TODO ajattelemattomalle lle lla nna

  • LEXICON a_22_ton_even muuttumaton

  • LEXICON a_22_ton_odd onneton

LEXICON MATONodd ! käymättömäle le la na ! TODO Probably not in use atm

  • LEXICON x_22_ton onneton

  • LEXICON x_22_ton_yksi_t alaston yhelä -t:läm alastoman

Basic paradigms

Most cases are directed to affixes/nouns.lexc

Lexica for the non-uniform cases

This (part of) documentation was generated from src/fst/morphology/affixes/adjectives.lexc

src-fst-morphology-affixes-nouns.lexc.md

Sublexica for NounRoot

Aloitin sovittaa analyysin Eiran kieliopin mukaan (Porsanki). Leksikot ovat nyt (tai pitää olla) n11, n12, jne., eli siis Eiran nominit tyyppi 1.1., 1.2., jne.

2007 s.87

    1. Yksitavuiset / Vi ( maa, tuorestai) = vanha_n_1
  • 1.1. Yksitavuiset monikko/ Vi ( häät) = vanha_n_1pl
    1. Vokaalirankaiset
  • 2.1 Kaksitavuiset ( pappi) = vanha_n_21
  • 2.1.1. Kaksitavuiset monikko (housut) = vanha_n_21pl
  • 2.1.2. Kaksitavuiset (joki: joke) = vanha_n_21ie
  • 2.2. Usseempitav. (opettaaja) = vanha_n_22
  • 2.2.1. Usseempitav. odd (kajava) = vanha_n_22odd
  • 2.2.2. Usseempitav. odd (meininki, tunturi) = vanha_n_22oddi
  • 2.2.3. Usseempitav. monikko oi (kulkkiija) = vanha_n_22oi
  • 2.3 Kokkoontumanom. ( valkkee) = vanha_n_23
  • 2.3.1 Kokkoontumanom. (assii) = vanha_n_23ii
    1. Konsonanttirankaiset
  • 3.1 Kaksitavuiset ( pieni, kieli) = vanha_n_31
  • 3.1.1. Kaksitavuiset lumi) = vanha_n_31lumi
  • 3.1.2. (käsi, vuosi) = vanha_n_31si
  • 3.1.3. (lapsi) = vanha_n_31lapsi
  • 3.1.4. (mies) = vanha_n_31mies
  • 3.2 Usseempitavuiset
  • 3.2.1 (tytär) = vanha_n_32
  • 3.2.2. (elläin) = vanha_n_32m
  • 3.2.3 (rakkhaus) = vanha_n_32s
  • 3.3 Kokkoontumanom. ( opas, huonet)
  • 3.3.1 (opas) = vanha_n_33s
  • 3.3.2 (asukas) = vanha_n_33sodd
  • 3.3.3. (ruvis) = vanha_n_33is
  • 3.3.4 (huonet) = vanha_n_33t
  • 3.3.5 (kirves) = vanha_n_33ts
    1. Ekstrakonsonanttirankaiset
  • 4.1 veres-nominit ( veres, kokkous) = vanha_n_41
  • 4.1.1. veres-nominit monikko ( veljekset) = vanha_n_41pl
  • 4.2 –inen-nominit ( kainulainen) = vanha_n_42 = nen
  • 4.2.1 -inen-nominit Pl (tervheiset) = vanha_n_42pl = nen
  • 4.2.2 -inen-nominit odd (vihrinen) = vanha_n_42odd = nen

Noun types

Incomong

  • LEXICON n_31 = maa, tie

  • LEXICON n_31_ai = tuorestai ja muut päivät

  • LEXICON n_31_pl = häät

  • LEXICON x_31_pl = häät

the same affix in sg and pl

Eira's classification

  • LEXICON n_11 lyhyt vokali, yks vartalo, syksy ! jos loppuu i:hin ne ovat lainasanoja

  • LEXICON n_11_AO sana - sanoissa. Linna? Linnoissa? aika

  • LEXICON x_11_AO sana - sanoissa. Linna? Linnoissa? aika ! TODO which adjectives?

  • LEXICON x_11_AO_pl sanat

  • LEXICON n_11_A0_A2I kuva - kuvissa, poika - pojissa ! TODO which adjectives?

  • LEXICON x_11_A0_A2I kuva - kuvissa, poika - pojissa ! TODO which adjectives?

  • LEXICON n_11_A0_A2I_pl kuva - kuvissa, poika - pojissa ! TODO which adjectives?

  • LEXICON x_11_A0_A2I_pl kuva - kuvissa, poika - pojissa ! TODO which adjectives?

the same affix in sg and pl

LEXICON n_11_E2I on ovi:ove, joki:joke, hyksi, suomi ! Ei lainasanat

these two lexica for cases with

the same affix in sg and pl

LEXICON n_11_E2I_pl sakset, hykset

  • LEXICON n_11_pl "villahousut", lyhyt vokali, yks vartalo, kasvot

  • LEXICON x_11_pl ! Seems like no adjectives call this?

the same affix in sg and pl

  • LEXICON n_21_C lainasanat, badminton

  • LEXICON n_21 opettaaja, karamelli

  • LEXICON n_21_odd kajava

  • LEXICON x_21_odd kajava

  • LEXICON n_21_A0 opettaaja, tapattuma

  • LEXICON x_21_A0

  • LEXICON n_21_odd_pl kattoojat

  • LEXICON n_21_odd_C lainasanat, fiction

  • LEXICON n_21_odd_i meininki, tunturi TODO

  • LEXICON n_21_oi Paivukko, perintö, kurkkio

  • LEXICON n_21_oi_pl Pahkilot

  • LEXICON n_21_oi_AO_odd Mustikka, kulkkiija, sivakka, asia (in Var) ! Loppuu a:han!!!!

  • LEXICON n_21_oi_AO_odd_pl Mustikka, kulkkiija, sivakka, asia (in Var) ! Loppuu a:han!!!!

  • LEXICON n_21_oi_ÄÖ_odd Kynttilä, tekkiijä, jyrinä - Loppuu ä:hän!!!!

  • LEXICON n_21_oi_ÄÖ_odd_pl Kynttilä, tekkiijä, jyrinä - Loppuu ä:hän!!!!

  • LEXICON n_21_oi_AO_even kuunteliija

  • LEXICON n_21_oi_ÄÖ_even käveliijä

  • LEXICON n_31_ee hoppee:hoppe

  • LEXICON n_31_yy revyy

  • LEXICON n_31_ii assii (in Por) kurkkii (in Por)

  • LEXICON n_31_ii for same affix in sg and pl

  • LEXICON n_31_ii for same affix in sg and pl

  • LEXICON n_31_uu karhuu (in Por)

  • LEXICON n_31_uu for same affix in sg and pl

  • LEXICON n_31_uu for same affix in sg and pl

LEXICON n_12 kieli

  • LEXICON n_12 for same affix in sg and pl

  • LEXICON n_12 for same affix in sg and pl

LEXICON n_12_pl nuoret

  • LEXICON n_12_pl for same affix in sg and pl

LEXICON n_12_hi lohi, tuohi, riihi

  • LEXICON n_12_hi for same affix in sg and pl

  • LEXICON n_12_hi for same affix in sg and pl

LEXICON n_12_mi lumi lu

LEXICON n_12_si käsi, hirsi

LEXICON n_12_vuosi vuosi, vuona

LEXICON x_12_vuosi

LEXICON n_12_kusi kusi kuusi

LEXICON x_12_kusi kusi kuusi these two lexica for cases with

the same affix in sg and pl

LEXICON n_12_lapsi lapsi la

LEXICON x_12_lapsi lapsi la these two lexica for cases with

the same affix in sg and pl

LEXICON n_12_mies mies mie

LEXICON x_12_mies mies mie these two lexica for cases with

the same affix in sg and pl

LEXICON n_22 tytär:tyttär, taival:taipal

LEXICON n_22_pl tytär:tyttär, taival:taipal

LEXICON n_22_m elläin elläi yđin ydin

LEXICON x_22_m

LEXICON n_22_m_pl

LEXICON n_22_s sairhaus

  • Konsonanttivartalo: poista -e ja heikko aste

  • Konsonanttivartalo: poista -e ja heikko aste

  • Konsonanttivartalo: poista -e ja heikko aste

  • Konsonanttivartalo: poista -e ja heikko aste

LEXICON n_22_s_even avaruus

  • Konsonanttivartalo: poista -e ja heikko aste

  • Konsonanttivartalo: poista -e ja heikko aste

  • Konsonanttivartalo: poista -e ja heikko aste

  • Konsonanttivartalo: poista -e ja heikko aste

LEXICON n_32_as rakas, asukas

LEXICON n_32_as_pl rakas, asukas

LEXICON n_32_ae kevät

LEXICON n_32_is ruvis, ruumis

LEXICON n_32_et venet, hyljet, huonet

LEXICON n_32_et_pl venet, hyljet, huonet

LEXICON n_32_et_2 askel, kyynel, kannel

LEXICON n_32_ut vantut:vantutta:vantthuut

LEXICON n_32_ut_pl vantthuut

LEXICON n_32_ts kirves

LEXICON x_32_ts kirves

these two lexica for cases with

the same affix in sg and pl -- tsekkaa long

the same affix in sg and pl -- tsekkaa long

  • LEXICON n_22_excns = veres (keskus)

  • LEXICON n_22_excns_pl = veljekset

  • LEXICON x_22_excns_pl = veljekset

the same affix in sg and pl -- tsekkaa long

  • LEXICON n_22_excns_even = (kuttumus)

  • LEXICON n_22_excns_even_pl = (ystävykset)

these two lexica for cases with

the same affix in sg and pl

LEXICON n_22_inen_odd ihminen

these two lexica for cases with

the same affix in sg and pl

LEXICON n_22_inen_pl ! tervheiset tervhei the same affix in sg and pl

LEXICON n_22_inen_pl_even ! olympialaiset the same affix in sg and pl

LEXICON n_32_nu ! oppinu

+N:se nomgen_px ;

make+N+Pl+kom:sine K ;

Basic paradigms

Sublexica for the basic unified cases, with even and odd variations

Sublexica for Gen, Par, Ill, Ess and Com.

Sublexica for possessive suffixes

Px is now not in use, with one exception, comitative.

LEXICON n_PxK has either -n or goes to Px

LEXICON i_PxK Tra: -i or -e and goes to Px

LEXICON PxK has only -nsA, and is currently not in use. Check

LEXICON PxxK has also -Vn, thus both .. llensa and ..lleen.

Tästä tiedostosta löytyvät suljetut sanaluokat.

Px-Vn leksikossa on vain kuusi sanaa

Basic paradigms

Basic vowel stems

!LEXICON strong_v_stem_even ''Kaikki vahvan asteen sijamuodot tähän''

!LEXICON strong_v_stem_odd ''Kaikki vahvan asteen sijamuodot tähän''

Sublexica for the vowel stems

This (part of) documentation was generated from src/fst/morphology/affixes/nouns.lexc

src-fst-morphology-affixes-numerals.lexc.md

Kven numerals

Numeral inflection

Numeral inflection is like nominal, except that numerals compound in all forms which requires great amount of care in the inflection patterns.

  • Numeral nominative back examples:*

  • Numeral nominative front examples:*

  • Numeral nominative plural back examples:*

  • kahđet: kaksi+Num+Pl+Nom

  • Numeral nominative plural front examples:*

  • yhđet: yksi+Num+Pl+Nom

  • Numeral weak singular back examples:*

  • kahđen: kaksi+Num+Sg+Gen

  • kahđela: kaksi+Num+Sg+Ade

  • kahđelta: kaksi+Num+Sg+Abl

  • kahđele: kaksi+Num+Sg+All

  • kahđessa: kaksi+Num+Sg+Ine

  • kahđesta: kaksi+Num+Sg+Ela

  • kahđeksi: kaksi+Num+Sg+Tra

  • kahđetta: kaksi+Num+Sg+Abe

  • Numeral weak singular front examples:*

  • yhđen: yksi+Num+Sg+Gen

  • yhđelä: yksi+Num+Sg+Ade

  • yhđeltä: yksi+Num+Sg+Abl

  • yhđele: yksi+Num+Sg+All

  • yhđessä: yksi+Num+Sg+Ine

  • yhđestä: yksi+Num+Sg+Ela

  • yhđeksi: yksi+Num+Sg+Tra

  • yhđettä: yksi+Num+Sg+Abe

  • Numeral strong singular back examples:*

  • kahtena: kaksi+Num+Sg+Ess

  • Numeral strong singular front examples:*

  • yhtenä: yksi+Num+Sg+Ess

  • Numeral weak plural back examples:*

  • kaksila: kaksi+Num+Pl+Ade

  • kaksilta: kaksi+Num+Pl+Abl

  • kaksile: kaksi+Num+Pl+All

  • kaksissa: kaksi+Num+Pl+Ine

  • kaksista: kaksi+Num+Pl+Ela

  • kaksiksi: kaksi+Num+Pl+Tra

  • kaksitta: kaksi+Num+Pl+Abe

  • Numeral weak plural front examples:*

  • yksilä: yksi+Num+Pl+Ade

  • yksiltä: yksi+Num+Pl+Abl

  • yksile: yksi+Num+Pl+All

  • yksissä: yksi+Num+Pl+Ine

  • yksistä: yksi+Num+Pl+Ela

  • yksiksi: yksi+Num+Pl+Tra

  • yksittä: yksi+Num+Pl+Abe

  • Numeral weak plural back strong examples:*

  • kaksina: kaksi+Num+Pl+Ess

  • kaksine: kaksi+Num+Pl+Com

  • Numeral weak plural back strong examples:*

  • kaksina: kaksi+Num+Pl+Ess

  • kaksine: kaksi+Num+Pl+Com

  • Numeral weak plural front strong examples:*

  • yksinä: yksi+Num+Pl+Ess

  • yksine: yksi+Num+Pl+Com

  • Numeral weak plural front strong examples:*

  • yksinä: yksi+Num+Pl+Ess

  • yksine: yksi+Num+Pl+Com

  • Numeral singular partitive a examples:*

  • kahđeksee: kahđeksen+Num+Sg+Par (Eng. !eight)

  • Numeral singular partitive a poss aan examples:*

  • kolmee: kolme+Num+Sg+Par (Eng. !three)

  • Numeral singular partitive ta examples:*

  • kuutta: kuusi+Num+Sg+Par (Eng. !six)

  • Numeral singular partitive tä examples:*

  • viittä: viisi+Num+Sg+Par (Eng. !five)

  • Numeral singular illative an examples:*

  • kahđeksheen: kahđeksen+Num+Sg+Ill

  • Numeral singular illative en back examples:*

  • kolmheen: kolme+Num+Sg+Ill

  • Numeral singular illative en front examples:*

  • viitheen: viisi+Num+Sg+Ill

  • Numeral singular illative in back examples:*

  • miljardhiin: miljardi+Num+Sg+Ill (Eng. !billion)

  • Numeral plural partitive ia examples:*

  • kaksii: kaksi+Num+Pl+Par

  • Numeral plural partitive ja examples:*

  • miljardii: miljardi+Num+Pl+Par

  • Numeral plural genitive ien back examples:*

  • kaksiin: kaksi+Num+Pl+Gen

  • Numeral plural genitive ten back examples:*

  • kuussiin: kuusi+Num+Pl+Gen

  • kuutten: kuusi+Num+Pl+Gen (Eng. !kuussiin on tärkeämpi)

  • Numeral plural genitive ten front examples:*

  • viissiin: viisi+Num+Pl+Gen

  • viitten: viisi+Num+Pl+Gen (Eng. !viissiin on tärkeämpi)

  • Numeral plural genitive in back examples:*

  • Numeral plural genitive in front examples:*

  • Numeral plural illaive ihin bavk examples:*

  • miljardhiin: miljardi+Num+Pl+Ill

  • Numeral plural illaive iin back examples:*

  • kakshiin: kaksi+Num+Pl+Ill

  • Numeral possessive back examples:*

  • kahteni: kaksi+Num+Sg+Nom+PxSg1 (Eng. !Kainun kielessä possessiivisuffiksiita käytethään aika vähän. Annamme niiden olla täällä toistaiseksi.)

  • Numeral possessive front examples:*

  • yhteni: yksi+Num+Sg+Nom+PxSg1

  • Numeral possessive back aan examples:*

  • kolmeensa: kolme+Num+Sg+Par+PxSg3

  • Numeral possessive back eenback examples:*

  • kahđeksensa: kaksi+Num+Sg+Tra+PxSg3

  • kahđekseen: kaksi+Num+Sg+Tra+PxSg3

  • Numeral possessive back een front examples:*

  • neljeksensä: nelje+Num+Sg+Tra+PxSg3

  • neljekseen: nelje+Num+Sg+Tra+PxSg3

  • Numeral possessive back ään examples:*

  • viittänsä: viisi+Num+Sg+Par+PxSg3

  • viittään: viisi+Num+Sg+Par+PxSg3

  • Numeral clitic back examples:*

  • Numeral clitic front examples:*

  • LEXICON ARABICCASES adds +Arab

  • LEXICON ARABICCASE adds +Arab

  • LEXICON ARABICCASE0 adds +Arab

This (part of) documentation was generated from src/fst/morphology/affixes/numerals.lexc

src-fst-morphology-affixes-pronouns.lexc.md

Pronominien morfologia

Pronominit ovat edelleen vaan kokeiluvaiheessa.

LEXICON 12pronsg on 1., 2. p. yksikkö

LEXICON 12pronsg_short on 1., 2. p. yksikkö

LEXICON 123pronpl

nuoitä

tuotä

This (part of) documentation was generated from src/fst/morphology/affixes/pronouns.lexc

src-fst-morphology-affixes-propernouns.lexc.md

2007 s.87

    1. Yksitav. / Vi ( maa, tuorestai) = vanha_n_1
  • 1.1. Yksitav. monikko/ Vi ( häät) = vanha_n_1pl
    1. Vokaalirankaiset
  • 2.1 Kaksitav. ( aika, pappi) = vanha_n_21
  • 2.1.1. Kaksitav. monikko (housut) = vanha_n_21pl
  • 2.1.2. Kaksitav. (joki: joke) = vanha_n_21ie
  • 2.2. Usseempitav. (opettaaja) = vanha_n_22
  • 2.2.1. Usseempitav. odd (meininki, tunturi)= vanha_n_22odd
  • 2.2.2. Usseempitav. mon. oi (kulkkiija) = vanha_n_22oi
  • 2.3 Kokkoontumanom. ( valkkee,) = vanha_n_23
  • 2.3.1 Kokkoontumanom. ( assii) = vanha_n_23ii
    1. Konsonanttirankaiset
  • 3.1 Kaksitav. ( pieni, kieli) = vanha_n_31
  • 3.1.1. lumi:lumen:lunta = vanha_n_31m
  • 3.1.2. (käsi, vuosi) = vanha_n_31si
  • 3.1.3. (lapsi) = vanha_n_31lapsi
  • 3.1.4. (mies) = vanha_n_31mies
  • 3.2 Usseempitav. ( tytär)
  • 3.2.1 (tytär) = vanha_n_32
  • 3.2.2. (elläin: elläimen = vanha_n_32m
  • 3.2.3. (rakkhaus) = vanha_n_32s
  • 3.3 Kokkoontumanom. ( opas, huonet)
  • 3.3.1 (opas) = vanha_n_33s
  • 3.3.2 (asukas) = vanha_n_33s
  • 3.3.3. (ruvis) = vanha_n_33is
  • 3.3.4 (huonet) = vanha_n_33t
  • 3.3.5 (kirves) = vanha_n_33ts
    1. Ekstrakonsonanttirankaiset
  • 4.1 veres-nominit ( veres, kokkous) = vanha_n_41
  • 4.1.1. veres-nominit monikko ( veljekset) = vanha_n_41pl
  • 4.2 –inen-nominit ( kainulainen) = vanha_n_42 = nen
  • 4.2.1 -inen-nominit Pl (tervheiset) = vanha_n_42pl = nen
  • 4.2.2 -inen-nominit odd (vihrinen) = vanha_n_42odd = nen

This (part of) documentation was generated from src/fst/morphology/affixes/propernouns.lexc

src-fst-morphology-affixes-symbols.lexc.md

Symbol affixes

This (part of) documentation was generated from src/fst/morphology/affixes/symbols.lexc

src-fst-morphology-affixes-verbs.lexc.md

LEXICA FOR KVEN VERB INFLECTION

This file documents affixes/verbs.lexc

Auxiliaries

LEXICON neg jakaantuu kolmeen

LEXICON indneg negaation indikatiivipäätteet

Note that lexicon indneg directs to K_NEG and not to K, this is since we have enkä but not enkin

LEXICON imprtneg negaation imperatiivipäätteet

LEXICON OLLA on oma leksikko, vielä vain preesens

Regular verbs

Verbiluokat v1...

Luokkien v1, v2... Eiran kieliopin mukaan. Tarvitaan luultavasti alaluokkia.

Jokaisessa leksikossa on infinitiivi, kolmannen persoonan pääteet, ja viittaus preesensin ja preteritin kautta leksikkoon v12pers, missä -n, -t, -mA, -ttA

LEXICON v1 saađa:saa

LEXICON v1iđa Cond uiđa:uisin

LEXICON v1kayda käyđä:kä

LEXICON v1nahda nähđä:nä

LEXICON v1tehda tehđä:te

Verbiluokat v2...

LEXICON v2 ! aikkoot:aiko, anttaat:anta, assuut:asu, kattoot:katt2o, kulkkeet:kulke, lähteet:lähte, lenttäät:lentä, lukkeet:luke, luottaat:luotta, näkkyyt:näky, pittäät:pitä, soppiit:sopi (tämä ei ole yaml)

LEXICON v2_si ! pyyttäät:pyysi

LEXICON v2_taittaat ! taisi, tainu / taitanu

LEXICON v2_sauttaat ! sauttaat-sautti

LEXICON v2_särkkyyt ! särkkyyt-särjyn

LEXICON v2_tiettäät tiettäät

LEXICON v2_odd kirjoittaat:kirjoitta

Verbiluokat v3...

LEXICON v3_ele_short = nielä:niel

LEXICON v3_ele ajatella:ajattel

LEXICON v3_ele_odd kävelä:kävel

  • aukaista > aukaisemma
  • täristä > tärisemä

LEXICON v3_ise aukaista:aukaise

LEXICON v3_aise aukaista:aukaise

LEXICON v3_lnr ja vartalo on pan-

  • pitää tehdä ^D
  • Lyhyt partisiippi
  • Lyhyt partisiippi
  • Lyhyt partisiippi
  • Lyhyt partisiippi

LEXICON v3_s kusta, nousta, pestä, päästä ja vartalo on kus-

  • Lyhyt partisiippi
  • Lyhyt partisiippi
  • Lyhyt partisiippi

LEXICON v3piera pierä:pie

  • pitää tehdä ^D
  • Lyhyt partisiippi
  • Lyhyt partisiippi

LEXICON v3juosta juosta:juo

Verbiluokat v4...

LEXICON v4 vanheta:vanhe, pajeta:pake

LEXICON v4_itte ja vartalo on - kyyti

  • Lyhyt partisiippi
  • Lyhyt partisiippi
  • Lyhyt partisiippi +V+Act+PrfPrc:tte%>nnhee PRFPRC_OBL ;

LEXICON v4_oitte ja vartalo on haravoi-

  • Lyhyt partisiippi
  • Lyhyt partisiippi +V+PrfPrc:tte%>nnhee PRFPRC_OBL ;

LEXICON v43 hantteerata:hantteera

LEXICON v43_odd jatkata:jatka

LEXICON v43_odd_II jatkata:jatka

Verbien persoonapäätteet

Tämä osa antaa personapäätteet.

  1. ja 2. persoona erikseen, koska ne ovat samoja preesensissä ja preterissä.
  2. persoona annettiin jo vartaloleksikoissa.

LEXICON v12pers Only sg12, pl12 so far

LEXICON PRFPRC_OBL is without nom sg

LEXICON PRFPRC_OBL_nny is without nom sg

LEXICON PRFPRC_OBL_nnu is without nom sg

LEXICON PRFPRC_OBL_lly is without nom sg

LEXICON PRFPRC_OBL_llu is without nom sg

This (part of) documentation was generated from src/fst/morphology/affixes/verbs.lexc

src-fst-morphology-phonology.twolc.md

Phonological rules for Kven

This file documents the phonology.twolc file

We first define alphabets and sets. Thereafter come the rules.

Alphabets and sets

Alphabet

The letters

  • a b c d đ ð e f g h i j k l m n o p q
  • r s t u ü v w x y z å ä ö æ ø š
  • A B C D Đ Ð E F G H I J K L M N O P
  • R S T U V W X Y Z Å Ä Ö Æ Ø Š

The archiphonemes

  • %^A:ä %^O:ö %^U:y archi vowels for harmony
  • %^V %^N:n vowel copy sanoo, LNR copy purra

Letters with deviant behaviour

  • i2:i = plural i of nouns
  • i3:i = past tense i of verbs
  • i4:i = i in conditional isi of most verbs (without gemination)
  • i5:i = superlative i of adjectives
  • i6:i = i:j in poika:pojan
  • i7:i = i in conditional of contract verbs (with gemination)
  • p2:p t2:t k2:k p2, k2, t2 = always p, t, k ; eli ei tule astevaihtelua
  • t3:t t3 = gradation but not t:s (implemented?)
  • t4:t t4 = always p, t, k ; eli ei tule astevaihtelua eikä geminaatio (täytyy)
  • k3:k k3 never k:v, contrary to k
  • n2:n n2 to prevent gemination in essive (porroikin mutta poroina)

Triggers

  • %^HMETA:0 h metateesi sykshyyn
  • %^WG:0 weak grade hatun
  • %^TJ:0 vuote vuoje
  • %^T0:0 tytär tyär tytärtä tyärtä in Var
  • %^UU:0 vuote vuue
  • %^E2I:0 e to i in nom ove : ovi
  • %^A2I:0 a to i in opettajine (Var)
  • %^VDEL:0 %^EDEL:0 -- DEL = deletion
  • %^AE:0 -- a to e lauletaan, soma somempi
  • %^AO:0 -- a to o sanoissa
  • %^A0:0 -- a to 0
  • %^I0:0 -- i to 0 in vanha_x_21 -Por with i endings: tooline
  • %^E0:0 e to 0 in vanha_a_32 and vanha_n_32 bc we add b4 dial trigger, for twolc struc.
  • %^End:0 -- End of word, since the # tags don't work properly
  • %^¤:0 -

Dialect tags

  • %^Por:0 -f- Porsanger dialekti
  • %^Var:0 -- Varanger dialekti
  • %^Jok:0 -- Jokivarret dialekti

Literal quotes and angles

Thesemust be escaped (cf morpheme boundaries further down):

  • »7 represents the quotation mark »
  • «7 represents the quotation mark «
  • %[%>%] >
  • %[%<%] <
  • » = Derivational suffix
  • %> = border before inflection suffix
  • The hash mark = Word boundary for both lexicalised and dynamic compounds
  • %^ = (exceptional) soft hyphenation point

Sets

  • E I Y Ä Ö Ü Æ Ø ;
  • A O U Å ;
  • ArchiVow = %^A %^O %^U ;
  • E Ä A I ;
  • Y Ö U O ;
  • SomeVow = %^V ;
  • E I ;
  • Vow = FrontVow BackVow ArchiVow SomeVow ;
  • NotE = i i2 i3 i4 i5 i6 i7 y ä ö ü æ ø a o u å ;
  • NotEY = i i2 i3 i4 i5 i6 i7 ä ö æ ø a o u å ;
  • NotEYU = i i2 i3 i4 i5 i6 i7 ä ö æ ø a o å ;
  • NotOU = e i i2 i3 i4 i5 i6 i7 y ä ö ü æ ø a ;
  • NotOUI = e y ä ö ü æ ø a ;
  • NotOUIY = e ä ö æ ø a ;
  • NotAEI = y ä ö ü æ ø o u å ;
  • NotOUIF = y ä ö ü æ ø ; and e? (removed 29.1.)
  • NotOUIB = a ; and e? (removed 29.1.)
  • NotEYUF = i i2 i3 i4 i5 i6 i7 ä ö æ ø ;
  • NotEYUB = i i2 i3 i4 i5 i6 i7 a o å ;
  • LNRM = l n r m ;
  • ArchiCns = %^N ;
  • B C D Đ F G H J K L M N P Q R S Š T V W X Z ;
  • Cns = SurfaceCns ArchiCns p2 t2 k2 ;
  • Clt = k i %^O s p h %^A n2 ;
  • Segment = Vow Cns ;
  • Dummy = %^WG %^T0 %^TJ %^UU %^E2I %^A2I %^HMETA %^VDEL %^EDEL %^AE %^AO %^¤ %^I0 %^E0 %^A0 %^Por %^Var %^Jok ;
  • DummyBorder = Dummy %> ;
  • Dial = %^Por %^Var %^Jok ;
  • NonFront = BackVow ArchiVow ArchiCns SomeVow Cns NeutralVow Dummy %> ;
  • NE = %> n e ;
  • EÄA = e %^A ;

Development principles: --- NO UNCLEAR SEQUENCES WITHOUT AN EXPLANATION (and TESTS): (Cns:) :Cns+ Cns: (:Cns) --- One TRIGGER, one change! No ^AO that means a:o and a:0 and a:i, then 3 DIFFERENT triggers

Trigger order

(to be completed). The triggers should be in this order both in lexc and here in twolc.

stem Dial: WG {T0,TJ} {E0,I0,E2I,A2I,AO,AE,VDEL,UU} HMETA > {i2:,i3:,i4:](i5:} > suffixes

Rules

(Divided into consonant and vowel rules)

Consonant rules

Gemination rules

Pitkän vokaalin jälkeen ja kans painottoman tavun jälkeen k, t, p ja s geminoituvat ko perässä on pitkä vokaali (= lounaismurteitten erikoisgeminaatio), mutta muut konsonantit geminoituvat vaan lyhyen painollisen tavun jälkeen (= yleisgeminaatio). (ES).

Rule: Gemination 0:h

Rule: Gemination 0:j

Rule: Gemination 0:k

Tests:

  • flak0u>i2>n
  • flakku>i>n
  • flaku>i2>n^A
  • flaku>i>na
  • urk0u>i2
  • urkku>i

Rule: Gemination 0:l

Rule: Gemination 0:m

Rule: Gemination 0:n

Rule: Gemination 0:p

Rule: Gemination 0:r

Rule: Gemination 0:s

Rule: Gemination 0:t

Rule: Gemination 0:v

Gradation rules

Rules for p gradation

Rule: Gradation p:0 (pp:p)

Rule: Gradation p:v

Rule: Gradation mp:mm

Tests:

  • kilpe^WG>n
  • kilve0>n
  • ranka^WG>n
  • ranga0>n
  • napa^WG>n
  • nava0>n
  • taipal^WG
  • taival0
  • varpa^WG
  • varva0
  • halpa^WG
  • halva0
  • turpe^WGt
  • turve0t

Rules for k gradation

Rule: Gradation i6:0, in word poika: pojan

Tests:

  • poi6ka^WG>n
  • po0ja0>n
  • poi6ka^WG^A0>i2>le
  • po0j000>i>le

TODO: When k:j and when k:0 between e and i.

Rule: Gradation k:j

Rule: Gradation k:0

Tests:

  • halke^WG%>t^A
  • halje0>ta

Tests:

  • mäke^WG>n
  • mäje0>n
  • aika^Por^WG>n
  • aija00>n
  • jälke^WG>n
  • jälje0>n
  • luke^WG>n
  • luje0>n
  • pölkä^WG>t^A
  • pöl0ä0>tä
  • tuhka^WG>t
  • tuh0a0>t
  • maka^WG>t^A
  • ma0a0>ta
  • kyke^WG>t^A
  • ky0e0>tä
  • sarka^WG>n
  • sar0a0>n
  • parku^WG>n
  • par0u0>n

Rule: Gradation k3:0

Tests:

  • huok3a^WG>t^A
  • huo0a0>ta

Rule: Gradation k:v

Tests:

  • ruoka^WG>n
  • ruova0>n
  • puku^WG>n
  • puvu0>n
  • koko^WG>t^A
  • kovo0>ta

Rule: Gradation nk:ng

Tests:

  • sivakka^AO>i2>ne
  • sivak0o0>i>ne

Gradation t

Rule: Gradation Nt:NN in first syllable after short vowel

Rule: Gradation t:0 for tt:t, Nt:N and vuote:vuoeksi

Tests:

  • katto^WG>n
  • kat0o0>n
  • katt2o^WG>n
  • katto0>n

Rule: ti:si

Tests:

  • vete^E2I
  • vesi0
  • hirte^HMETA>hii
  • hirs00>hii

Rule: t:j in Var variant vuojeksi

Rule: o:u in vuosi vuote vuoet -> vuuet optional variant

Tests:

  • pe#rintö^WG>n
  • pe#rinnö0>n
  • lentä^WG>n
  • lennä0>n
  • kiertä^WG>n
  • kier0ä0>n
  • ymmärtä^WG>n
  • ymmär0ä0>n
  • alta^WG>s
  • alla0>s

Rule: Gradation t:đ

Tests:

  • pitä^WG^AO>i3>n
  • piđ000>i>n
  • lahta^WG>i3>n
  • lahđ00>i>n
  • lahte^WG>n
  • lahđe0>n
  • huutel^WG>^A
  • huuđel0>a

Assimilation rules

Rule: Alveolar assimilation for consonant stem l

  • tul>^N^U
  • tul>lu

Rule: Alveolar assimilation for consonant stem r

Rule: Alveolar assimilation for consonant stem s

Rule: j:0 in front of i

Vowel rules

Vowel harmony rules

Thefa idea of having f.ex V:e, always to a specific vowel, is to not have conflicts in twolc compilation. This improves compilation time (we assume) and it make Twolc behave more predictable. Weird things happen sometimes with conflicts! The downside is that often you have linguistic rules for vowels that are similar for a group of vowels! This is most of case. And now you have to edit it for all vowel separately one by one. Hopefully, we can make sure we don't forget to do it too often, by having more user feedback, especially from the paradigms in the dictionary.

For each Vowel separately

Rule: ^V:e

Tests:

  • lapse^HMETA>h^V^Vn
  • laps00>heen
  • lume^HMETA>h^V^Vn
  • lum00>heen
  • mieh^HMETA>h^V^Vn
  • mieh0>heen

Rule: ^V:a

Tests:

  • maa>h^Vn
  • maa>han

Rule: ^V:ä

Tests:

  • jää>h^Vn
  • jää>hän

Rule: ^V:i

Tests:

  • poi6ka^AO^HMETA>h^V>i2
  • poik000>hi>i
  • kuva^AO^HMETA>h^V>i2
  • kuv000>hi>i

Rule: ^V:o

(the old system)

with variables (Vx/Vy) instead of each vowel separately

Rule: Back harmony for %^A: %^O: %^U:

Tests:

  • kulke>^A
  • kulke>a

Vow copying and metathesis

Rule: Vow copying in short h-illative and short partitive sg

Tests:

  • heinä>^V
  • heinä>ä
  • syksy>^V
  • syksy>y

Rule: Vow copying in partitive of words ending in io, ia

Rule: Vow copying in long h sg forms both part one and part two

Rule: Vow copying in long h pl forms

  • sivakka^AO^HMETA>h^V>i2n
  • sivakk000>ho>in

Rule: a to o and metathesis in h forms in pl of a-stems

  • paivukko>^V
  • paivukko>o

Rule: Stem deletion in h-illative

Tests:

  • syksy^HMETA>h^V^Vn
  • syks00>hyyn

Stem alternation rules

e rules

Rule: e:i in nom.sg. of e-stems and in n_23ia kauhia hopia in Var

  • ove^E2I

  • ovi0

  • kauhe^E2I^¤>^A

  • kauhi00>a

Rule: e:0 in consonant stems and illative plural

  • tyvene^Por^WG>n
  • tyvene00>n

Tests:

  • kiele>ten
  • kiel0>ten
  • ytime^HMETA>h^V^V>
  • ytim00>hee>
  • elläime^HMETA>h^V^V>
  • elläim00>hee>
  • aukaise>i3
  • aukais0>i
  • vuote^HMETA>hii
  • vuos00>hii

Cns:0 in hoppe- hope-a in Var @RULENAME@ Jok

i rules

The -i- rules require different i-s for different POS.

Rule: i:0

a rules

Rule: a:0 before Pret and Pl i when rounded root vowel

Tests:

  • varma^HMETA>h^V^Vn

  • varm00>haan

  • rakkaa^VDEL^WG>s

  • rak0a000>s

  • otta^WG>i3n

  • ot000>in

  • loistaava^WG>i2>ss^A

  • loistaav00>i>ssa

Rule: **a:o before Pl i and Pret i **

  • matka^Por^AO>i2
  • matko00>i

Rule: ä:ö before Pl i

  • kala^WG^AO>i2>tten

  • kalo00>i>tten

  • kaula^WG^AO>i2>tten

  • kaulo00>i>tten

Tests:

  • sivakka^WG^AO>i2>tten
  • sivak0o00>i>tten
  • kulkkiija^AO>i2>tten
  • kulkkiijo0>i>tten

Rule: a:i in 3-syll stems with long a and i

Tests:

  • ★kuva^A2I>i2 (is not standard language)

  • ★kuva0>i (is not standard language)

  • kuv0a^A2I>i2

  • kuvvi0>i

  • opettaaja^WG>i2>ss^A

  • opettaaji0>i>ssa

  • opettaja^WG^A2I>ss^A

  • opettaji00>ssa

  • opettaaja^WG>i2>tten

  • opettaaji0>i>tten

  • opettaaja>i2>t^A

  • opettaaji>i>ta

  • opettaaja>i2

  • opettaaji>i

  • opettaaja^HMETA>hiin

  • opettaaj00>hiin

  • opettaaja>i2>n^A

  • opettaaji>i>na

  • opettaaja>i2>ne

  • opettaaji>i>ne

  • ★opettaaja>i2>ne (is not standard language)

  • ★opettaaja>i>ne (is not standard language)

  • opettaja^WG^A2I>tten

  • opettaji00>tten

  • opettaja^A2I>^A

  • opettaji0>a

  • opettaja^HMETA>hiin

  • opettaj00>hiin

  • opettaja^A2I>n^A

  • opettaji0>na

  • ★opettaja^A2I>n^A (is not standard language)

  • ★opettaja0>na (is not standard language)

Rule: a:i in 3-syll stems with long a and i

Shortening

Rule: Shortening of long vowel in front of i

Other Vowel rules

(two A:e rules and one ä:0)

Rule: a:e in comparative

Tests:

  • ★loistaava>mpi (is not standard language)
  • ★loistaave>mpi (is not standard language)
  • loistaava>mpi
  • loistaava>mpi
  • ★vahva>mpi (is not standard language)
  • ★vahva>mpi (is not standard language)
  • vahva>mpi
  • vahve>mpi

Rule: a:e in passives

Rule: ä:0

Tests:

  • kehä>i2>ss^A
  • keh0>i>ssä
  • päivä>i2>in
  • päiv0>i>in
  • jyv0ä>i2>in
  • jyvv0>i>in
  • ★kehä>i2>ss^A (is not standard language)
  • ★kehä>i>ssä (is not standard language)
  • pää>i2>ss^A
  • p0ä>i>ssä

Rule: ö:0

Rule: o:0

Gemination tests

  • ★kuv0a^A0>i2>n^A (is not standard language)

  • ★kuvvi0>i>na (is not standard language)

  • ★poi6ka^A0>i2>n^A (is not standard language)

  • ★poiki0>i>na (is not standard language)

  • ★poi6ka^A2I>i2>n (is not standard language)

  • ★poika0>i>n (is not standard language)

  • ★poi6ka^A2I>i2 (is not standard language)

  • ★poika0>i (is not standard language)

  • aika^Por^AO>i2>n^A

  • aiko00>i>na

  • aika^Por^AO>i2>ne

  • aiko00>i>ne

  • kuv0a^Por^A2I>i2>n

  • kuvvi00>i>n

  • kuv0a^Por^A2I>i2

  • kuvvi00>i

  • kuva^Por^A0>i2>ne

  • kuv000>i>ne

  • ★kuv0a^Por^A0>i2>ne (is not standard language)

  • ★kuvvi00>i>ne (is not standard language)

  • ★kuva^Por^A0>i2>ne (is not standard language)

  • ★kuva00>i>ne (is not standard language)

  • poi6ka^Por^A0>i2>ne

  • poik000>i>ne

  • ★poi6ka^Por^A0>i2>ne (is not standard language)

  • ★poika00>i>ne (is not standard language)

  • ★poi6ka^Por^A0>i2>ne (is not standard language)

  • ★poiki00>i>ne (is not standard language)

  • ★poi6ka^A2I>i2>n (is not standard language)

  • ★poika0>i>n (is not standard language)

  • sop0i>^V

  • soppi>i

  • vuot0e>i2>^V>n

  • vuoss0>i>i>n

  • ★vuot0e>i2>^V>n (is not standard language)

  • ★vuott0>i>i>n (is not standard language)

  • housu>i2>le

  • housu>i>le

  • hirt0e>i2>^V

  • hirss0>i>i

  • ★hirt0e>i2>^V (is not standard language)

  • ★hirtt0>i>i (is not standard language)

  • ant0a>^Vt

  • antta>at

  • ant0a>^V

  • antta>a

  • ant0a>^V>v^A

  • antta>a>va

  • ant0a>^V>v^At

  • antta>a>vat

  • aik0a^Por>^V

  • aikka0>a

  • kiv0e>i2>^V

  • kivv0>i>i

Tests:

  • kal0a>^V
  • kalla>a
  • kuv0a>^V
  • kuvva>a
  • suome>^V
  • suome>e
  • lauk0e>^V
  • laukke>e
  • tek0e>^V
  • tekke>e
  • kat0o>^V>t
  • katto>o>t
  • kal0a^Por^AO>i2
  • kallo00>i
  • kir0o>^V>t
  • kirro>o>t
  • san0a^AO>i2
  • sanno0>i
  • jout0u>^V
  • jouttu>u
  • puh0u>^V
  • puhhu>u
  • näk0y>^V
  • näkky>y
  • lev0y>^V
  • levvy>y
  • näk0ö>^V
  • näkkö>ö
  • pör0ö>^V
  • pörrö>ö
  • ★perin0ö^WG>n (is not standard language)
  • ★perinnö0>n (is not standard language)
  • tiet0ä>^Vt
  • tiettä>ät
  • as0u>^Vt
  • assu>ut
  • el0ä>^V
  • ellä>ä
  • jalk0a>^V
  • jalkka>a
  • järk0e>^V
  • järkke>e
  • murt0o>^V
  • murtto>o
  • polk0u>^V
  • polkku>u
  • särk0y>^V
  • särkky>y
  • lämp0ö>^V
  • lämppö>ö
  • pölk0ä>^V
  • härk0ä>^V
  • härkkä>ä
  • kerk0i>^Vn
  • kerkki>in
  • lauk0e>i7s
  • laukke>is
  • särk0y>i7s
  • särkky>is

Rule: o:0

Rule: o:0

Rule: o:0

This (part of) documentation was generated from src/fst/morphology/phonology.twolc

src-fst-morphology-root.lexc.md

Kven morphological transducer

Beware of remnants from the Finnish file. Take nothing at face value!

  • +Ex/N - This tag is not added in lexc. The POS tag before derivation is converted into this tag when compiling FST for disambiguation.
  • +Ex/A - This tag is not added in lexc. The POS tag before derivation is converted into this tag when compiling FST for disambiguation.
  • +Ex/V - This tag is not added in lexc. The POS tag before derivation is converted into this tag when compiling FST for disambiguation.

Tags for POS

  • +A = Adjective
  • +Adv = Adverb
  • +CC = Conjunction
  • +CS = Subjunction
  • +Interj = Interjection
  • +N = Noun
  • +Num = Numerals
  • +Pcle = Participle?
  • +Po = Postposition
  • +Pr = Preposition
  • +Pron = Pronomen
  • +V = Verb
  • +Neg = Negation verb ei
  • +ConNeg = Negation form of verb
  • +Prop = Propernoun
  • +Ord = Ordinal
  • +ABBR = Abbreviation
  • +Symbol = independent symbols in the text stream, like £, €, ©
  • +ACR = Acronym
  • +TV = Transitive verb
  • +IV = Intansitive verb
  • +Arab = Arabic
  • +Coll = Collective numeral
  • +Rom = Roman numerals I, II, ...
  • +Dyn = Dynamically created acronym

Tags for grammar

Pronoun types

  • +Pers = Personal
  • +Dem = Demonstrative
  • +Interr = Interrogative
  • +Refl = Reflexive
  • +Recipr = Reciprocal
  • +Rel = Relative
  • +Indef = Indefinitue
  • +Qu = Quantity

Number

  • +Sg = Singular
  • +Pl = Plural

Number-person

  • +Sg1 = Singular 1
  • +Sg2 = Singular 2
  • +Sg3 = Singular 3
  • +Pl1 = Plural 1
  • +Pl2 = Plural 2
  • +Pl3 = Plural 3
  • +PxSg1 = Poss suff: the owner is Singular 1
  • +PxSg2 = Poss suff: the owner is Singular 2
  • +PxSg3 = Poss suff: the owner is Singular 3
  • +PxPl1 = Poss suff: the owner is Plural 1
  • +PxPl2 = Poss suff: the owner is Plural 2
  • +PxPl3 = Poss suff: the owner is Plural 3

Case

  • +Nom = Nominative
  • +Gen = Genitive
  • +Acc = Accusative, for pronouns, but is it correct?
  • +Ine = Inessive
  • +Ill = Illative
  • +Ela = Elative
  • +Ade = Adessive
  • +Abe = Abessive
  • +All = Allative
  • +Abl = Ablative
  • +Ess = Essive
  • +Tra = Translaive
  • +Ins = Instructive
  • +Com = Comitative
  • +Par = Partitive

Comparatives

  • +Compar = Comparative
  • +Superl = Superlative

Finite verbs

  • +Pass = Passive
  • +Ind = Indicative
  • +Act = Active
  • +Prs = Presens
  • +Prt = Preteritum
  • +Imprt = Imperative
  • +Cond = Conditional
  • +Pot = Potential

Infinite verbs

  • +Inf = Infinitive
  • +Lat = lative (the infinitive, used in Apertium)
  • +PrsPrc = Presence Particip
  • +PrfPrc = Preteritum Particip
  • +Inf3 = Infinite 3

Punctuation

  • +CLB = Clause boundary
  • +PUNCT = Punctuation mark
  • +HYPH = Hyphenation mark
  • +Attr = Attributive form, hmm, check, for names?
  • +LEFT = left parenth
  • +RIGHT = right parenth
  • +CLBfinal Sentence final abbreviated expression ending in full stop, so that the full stop is ambiguous

Speller tags

  • +Err/Orth misspelling or nor normative form. It will be included only in desc, not in norm.
  • +Err/Hyph =
  • +Err/Lex =
  • +Err/SpaceCmp =
  • +Err/MissingSpace =

Usage tags

  • +Use/-PMatch = for tokenisation
  • +Use/PMatch = for tokenisation
  • +Use/-Spell = Excluded in speller
  • +Use/SpellNoSugg = recognized but not suggested in speller
  • +Use/-PLX =
  • +Use/NG only accept, not generate (for MT and Oahpa use)
  • +Use/GC only retained in the HFST Grammar Checker disambiguation analyser
  • +Use/-GC never retained in the HFST Grammar Checker disambiguation analyser
  • +Use/Circ for numerals, copied from sme
  • +Use/TTS – only retained in the HFST Text-To-Speech disambiguation tokeniser
  • +Use/-TTS – never retained in the HFST Text-To-Speech disambiguation tokeniser

Compounds

  • +Cmp =
  • +Cmp/SplitR =
  • +Cmp/Hyph - on dynamic compounds that have a hyphen (in use?)
  • +CmpNP/First - ... only be first part in a compound or alone
  • +CmpNP/None =
  • +OLang/ENG = Language of common names
  • +OLang/FIN = Language of common names
  • +OLang/NNO = Language of common names
  • +OLang/NOB = Language of common names
  • +OLang/RUS = Language of common names
  • +OLang/SMA = Language of common names
  • +OLang/SME = Language of common names
  • +OLang/SMJ = Language of common names
  • +OLang/SWE = Language of common names
  • +OLang/UND = Language of common names

Derivation

  • +Der =
  • +Der1 =
  • +Der2 =
  • +Der3 =
  • +Der4 =
  • +Der5 =
  • +Der/A = deriving adjectives from verbs
  • +Der/minen =
  • +Der/s = deriving numerals

Clitic tags

  • +Clt =
  • +Qst = Focusclitic question -ko
  • +Foc/han = Focusclitic -han
  • +Foc/kaan = Focusclitic -kaan
  • +Foc/kin = Focusclitic -kin
  • +Foc/pa = Focusclitic -pa
  • +Foc/s = Focusclitic -s
  • +Foc/pas = Focusclitic -pas

Tokeniser tags

  • +MWE = multiword expression, for tokenisation
  • +v1 =
  • +v2 =
  • +Gram/TAbbr: Transitive abbreviation (it needs an argument)
  • +Gram/NoAbbr: Intransitive abbreviations that are homonymous with more frequent words. They should only be considered abbreviations in the middle of a sentence.
  • +Gram/TNumAbbr: Transitive abbreviation if the following constituent is numeric
  • +Gram/NumNoAbbr: Transitive abbreviations for which numerals are complements and normal words. The abbreviation usage is less common and thus only the occurences in the middle of the sentence can be considered as true cases.
  • +Gram/TIAbbr: Both transitive and intransitive abbreviation
  • +Gram/IAbbr: Intransitive abbreviation (it takes no argument)
  • +Gram/3syll: trisyllabic verbs

Semantic tags

  • +Sem/Ani = Animal names
  • +Sem/Fem = Female names
  • +Sem/Mal = Male names
  • +Sem/Obj = Names of objects
  • +Sem/Org = Names of organisations
  • +Sem/Plc = Place names
  • +Sem/Sur = Surnames
  • +Sem/ID = ID
  • +Sem/Build =
  • +Sem/Build-room =
  • +Sem/Cat =
  • +Sem/Curr =
  • +Sem/Date =
  • +Sem/Domain =
  • +Sem/Domain_Hum =
  • +Sem/Dummytag =
  • +Sem/Edu =
  • +Sem/Edu_Hum =
  • +Sem/Event =
  • +Sem/Food-med =
  • +Sem/Group_Hum =
  • +Sem/Hum =
  • +Sem/Lang =
  • +Sem/Mat =
  • +Sem/Measr =
  • +Sem/Money =
  • +Sem/Obj-el =
  • +Sem/Obj-ling =
  • +Sem/Org_Prod-audio =
  • +Sem/Org_Prod-vis =
  • +Sem/Part =
  • +Sem/Prod-vis =
  • +Sem/Route =
  • +Sem/Rule =
  • +Sem/Sign =
  • +Sem/State =
  • +Sem/State-sick =
  • +Sem/Substnc =
  • +Sem/Time =
  • +Sem/Time-clock =
  • +Sem/Tool-it =
  • +Sem/Txt =
  • +Sem/Veh =
  • +Sem/Year =

Dialect tags

  • +Dial/-Var = Not Varanger
  • +Dial/-Por = Not Porsanger
  • +Dial/-Jok = Not Jokivarret
  • +Dial/Var Varanger, short for +Dial/-Jok+Dial/-Por
  • +Dial/Por Porsanger, short for +Dial/-Jok+Dial/-Var
  • +Dial/Jok Jokivarret, short for +Dial/-Por+Dial/-V

Lexeme disambiguation tags

  • +Hom1: Homonymy
  • +Hom2: Homonymy

Stem variant tags

  • +v1: variant 1
  • +v2: variant 2
  • +v3: variant 3
  • +v4: variant 4
  • +v5: variant 5
  • +v6: variant 6
  • +v7: variant 7

Phonological symbols

  • i2 = plural i of nouns
  • i3 = past tense i of verbs
  • i4 = i in conditional isi of most verbs (without gemination)
  • i5 = superlative i of adjectives
  • i6 = i:j in poika:pojan
  • i7 = i in conditional of contract verbs (with gemination)
  • p2 = always p
  • t2 = always t, cf. katt2oma always tt, underlying -ts-
  • t3 = t participating in gradation, but not in t:s
  • t4 = t for Finnish täytyy (no gemination, no nothing)
  • k2 = always k
  • k3 = k3 never k:v, contrary to k
  • n2 = n2 to allow gem. of pl par./gen. with clitics, but prevent gem. in pl. essive
  • ^A = Vowel harmony a/ä
  • ^O = Vowel harmony o/ö
  • ^U = Vowel harmony u/y
  • ^V = Vowel copying
  • ^N = tulˆNut, kävel^N^Ut
  • ^E2I = for e to i change
  • ^A2I = for a to i change
  • ^I0 = i to 0 in vanha_a_21 -Por with i endings: tooline
  • ^E0 = e to 0 in vanha_a_32 and vanha_n_32 bc we add b4 dial trigger, for twolc struc.
  • ^HMETA = for h metathesis syksy - sykshyyn
  • ^AO = a:0
  • ^A0 = a:o rannoissa
  • ^WG = Weak grade matto - maton
  • ^TJ = vuote vuoje
  • ^T0 = tytär tyär tytärtä tyärtä in Var
  • ^UU = vuote vuue
  • ^TES = in use?
  • ^VDEL = Deleting long vowel in rakkaa- > rakas
  • ^EDEL = Deleting e in front of consonant
  • ^AE = for a to e change
  • ^M2N = for m to n in lumi lunta
  • ^¤ = potecting against e:i word-finally (nalle, liike)
  • ^Por -- Porsanger dialect
  • ^Var -- Varanger dialect
  • ^Jok -- Jokivarret dialect
  • ^End -- End of word, since the # tags don't work properly
  • »
  • «

  • (written with square brackets, see the root.lexc file)

  • < (written with square brackets, see the root.lexc file)

Flag diacritics

We have manually optimised the structure of our lexicon using following flag diacritics to restrict morhpological combinatorics - only allow compounds with verbs if the verb is further derived into a noun again:

Flag Explanation
@P.NeedNoun.ON@ (Dis)allow compounds with verbs unless nominalised
@D.NeedNoun.ON@ (Dis)allow compounds with verbs unless nominalised
@C.NeedNoun@ (Dis)allow compounds with verbs unless nominalised

For languages that allow compounding, the following flag diacritics are needed to control position-based compounding restrictions for nominals. Their use is handled automatically if combined with +CmpN/xxx tags. If not used, they will do no harm.

Flag Explanation
@P.CmpFrst.FALSE@ Require that words tagged as such only appear first
@D.CmpPref.TRUE@ Block such words from entering ENDLEX
@P.CmpPref.FALSE@ Block these words from making further compounds
@D.CmpLast.TRUE@ Block such words from entering R
@D.CmpSuff.TRUE@ Block such words from entering R
@P.CmpSuff.TRUE@ Mark that we have passed R
@D.CmpNone.TRUE@ Combines with the next tag to prohibit compounding
@U.CmpNone.FALSE@ Combines with the prev tag to prohibit compounding
@P.CmpOnly.TRUE@ Sets a flag to indicate that the word has passed R
@D.CmpOnly.FALSE@ Disallow words coming directly from root.

Use the following flag diacritics to control downcasing of derived proper nouns (e.g. Finnish Pariisi -> pariisilainen). See e.g. North Sámi for how to use these flags. There exists a ready-made regex that will do the actual down-casing given the proper use of these flags.

Flag Explanation
@U.Cap.Obl@ Allowing downcasing of derived names: deatnulasj.
@U.Cap.Opt@ Allowing downcasing of derived names: deatnulasj.
@C.ErrOrth@ tbw
@D.ErrOrth.ON@ tbw
@P.ErrOrth.ON@ tbw
@R.ErrOrth.ON@ tbw
@P.Pmatch.Loc@ Used on multi-token analyses; tell hfst-tokenise/pmatch where in the form/analysis the token should be split.
@P.Pmatch.Backtrack@ Used on single-token analyses; tell hfst-tokenise/pmatch to backtrack by reanalysing the substrings before and after this poin in the form (to find combinations of shorter analyses that would otherwise be missed)

Pronoun flags

Flag Explanation
@U.pron.nom@ tbw
@U.pron.gen@ tbw
@U.pron.gen2@ tbw
@U.pron.ill@ tbw
@U.pron.par@ tbw
@U.pron.par2@ tbw
@U.pron.par3@ tbw
@U.pron.ess@ tbw
@U.pron.tra@ tbw
@U.pron.ine@ tbw
@U.pron.ela@ tbw
@U.pron.all@ tbw
@U.pron.ade@ tbw
@U.pron.abl@ tbw
@P.compound.block@ tbw
@D.compound.block@ tbw
Flag diacritic Explanation
@U.number.one@ Flag used to give arabic numerals in smj different cases ;
@U.number.two@ Flag used to give arabic numerals in smj different cases ;
@U.number.three@ Flag used to give arabic numerals in smj different cases ;
@U.number.four@ Flag used to give arabic numerals in smj different cases ;
@U.number.five@ Flag used to give arabic numerals in smj different cases ;
@U.number.six@ Flag used to give arabic numerals in smj different cases ;
@U.number.seven@ Flag used to give arabic numerals in smj different cases ;
@U.number.eight@ Flag used to give arabic numerals in smj different cases ;
@U.number.nine@ Flag used to give arabic numerals in smj different cases ;
@U.number.zero@ Flag used to give arabic numerals in smj different cases ;

Basic lexica, pointing to the other lexicon files

Here is the Root lexicon, pointing to all the parts of speech:

LEXICON Root

  • AdjectiveRoot ;
  • Adverb ;
  • Conjunction ;
  • Interjection ;
  • NUM ;
  • NounRoot ;
  • Particle ;
  • Postposition ;
  • Preposition ;
  • Pronoun ;
  • @U.Cap.Obl@ ProperNoun ;
  • @U.Cap.Opt@ ProperNoun ;
  • Punctuation ;
  • Symbols ;
  • VerbRoot ;
  • Subjunction ;
  • Abbreviation ;
  • Acronym ;

LEXICON Acronym pointing to:

  • Acronym-fkv ;
  • Acronym-smi ;

LEXICON Abbreviation pointing to:

  • Abbreviation-fkv ;
  • Abbreviation-smi ;

This (part of) documentation was generated from src/fst/morphology/root.lexc

src-fst-morphology-stems-adjectives.lexc.md

Kven language adjectives

AdjectiveRoot on alkuvaiheessa vielä.

TYYPPI 1: Kaksitavuiset lyhykäisvokaaliset rangat

Kaksitavuiset lyhykäisvokaaliset rangat

  • laiha a_11_AO ;

  • hieno a_11 ; needs own adj lex tag

  • uusi:uute a_12_si ;

TYYPPI 2: Usheempitavuiset lyhykäisvokaaliset rangat

Usheempitavuiset lyhykäisvokaaliset rangat

Usheempitavuiset (Konsonanttirankaiset?)

  • tyven:tyven a_22 ;
  • vasen:vase a_22_ma ;

Usheempitavuiset (Ekstrakonsonanttirankaiset?)

  • veres:vere a_22_excns ;

Usheempitavuiset -nen-adjektiivit

  • sininen:sini a_22_inen_odd ;
  • vestainen:vestai a_22_inen_odd ;
  • konkreettinen:konkreetti a_22_inen ;

(Usheempitavuiset) -ton-adjektiivit, Pariton määrä tavuja

(Usheempitavuiset) -ton-adjektiivit, Parillinen määrä tavuja

TYYPPI 3: Pitkävokaaliset rangat

Pitkävokaaliset rangat: (Yksirankaiset kaksitavuiset (Kokoontumanom.?) ?)

  • valkkee:valkke a_31_ee ;
  • auttii:autt2ii a_31_ii ;

Pitkävokaaliset Konsonanttirankaiset (Kokoontuma?)

2. Vokaalirankaiset

2.1 Kaksitavvuiset lyhykäisvokaaliset rangat

2.2. Usseempitavvuiset lyhykäisvokaaliset rangat

2.3 Yksirankaiset kaksitavuiset (Kokoontumanom.?)

3. Konsonanttirankaiset

3.1. Kaksitavuiset

3.2 Usseaempitavuiset

3.3 Kokoontuma

  1. Ekstrakonsonanttirankaiset

4.1 ekstrakonsonanttirankaiset

4.2 -nen-adjektiivit

4.3 -ton-adjektiivit

This (part of) documentation was generated from src/fst/morphology/stems/adjectives.lexc

src-fst-morphology-stems-adverbs.lexc.md

Sannoi ja haamui listan mukkaan

Adverbiaaleja myötä?

TT: Ei. Tässä pitää olla adverbeja vaan. Adverbiaali on syntaktinen kategoria ja saa analyysinsa eri ohjelmassa (src/syntax/disambiguation.cg3)

  • paikala adv ; ... on esim. substantiivi

This (part of) documentation was generated from src/fst/morphology/stems/adverbs.lexc

src-fst-morphology-stems-closed.lexc.md

Closed parts of speech

Tästä tiedostosta löytyvät suljetut sanaluokat.

Particle leksikossa on vain kuusi sanaa

Subjunction -leksikossa on tärkeimmät sanat (koska, että, jos, ..)

Conjunction -leksikossa on vain pari sanaa. joko - tai

Interjection -leksikossa on vain pari sanaa. yäk, kääk, nono

This (part of) documentation was generated from src/fst/morphology/stems/closed.lexc

src-fst-morphology-stems-fkv-abbreviations.lexc.md

File containing abbreviations

Tämä on saamenkielinen lyhennelista. Se pitää vaihtaa.

This (part of) documentation was generated from src/fst/morphology/stems/fkv-abbreviations.lexc

src-fst-morphology-stems-nouns.lexc.md

Substantiivit

LEXICON NounRoot

Nomenityyppit s.147 (Eira published book 2014) (Niitähän oon 3)

TYYPPI 1: Kaksitavuiset lyhykäisvokaaliset rangat

  • 2.1 Kaksitavuiset ( juoppo, syksy, puku ) = n_11
  • X.X Kaksitavuiset ( sana : sanoissa, aika ) a -> o:ksi = n_11_AO
  • X.X Kaksitavuiset ( kuva : kuvissa ) a -> i:ksi = n_11_A0_A2I
  • X.X Kaksitavuiset lånord ( färi : färi, pappi, tooli ) = n_11_i
  • 2.1.1 Kaksitavuiset monikko (housut ) = n_11_pl Kaksitavuiset monikko -i (sortsit) = n_11_i_pl
  • 2.1.2 Kaksitavuiset ( joki:joke, ovi:ove ) e -> i:ksi = n_11_E2I Kaksitavuiset monikko (hykset) e -> i:ksi = n_11_E2I_pl
  • 3.1 Kaksitavuiset (CNS-rankaiset?) ( pieni, kieli ) = n_12
  • 3.1.1 ( lumi:lunta, toimi, liemi ) = n_12_mi
  • 3.1.2 ( käsi, vuosi ) = n_12_si
  • X.X.X (kusi, kuusi) toistaiseksi vain nämä 2 sanaa = n_12_kusi
  • 3.1.3 ( lapsi ) = n_12_lapsi
  • 3.1.4 ( mies ) = n_12_mies

TYYPPI 2: Usheempitavuiset lyhykäisvokaaliset rangat

  • 2.2 Usseempitav. ( opettaaja ) = n_21
  • 2.2.2 U.tav. monikko oi (perintö,kurkkio,paijukko ) = n_21_oi
  • 2.2.2 U.tav. monikko oi (kulkkiija, asia) a -> o:ksi = n_21_oi_AO
  • 2.2.1 Usseempitav. odd ( kajava ) = n_21_odd
  • 2.2.1 Usseempitav. odd ( meininki, tunturi ) = n_21_odd_i
  • 3.2 Usseempitavuiset ( tytär )
  • 3.2.1 ( tytär, taival, paimen ) = n_22
  • 3.2.2 ( elläin: elläimen) = n_22_m
  •   ( vanhimet:vanhi )                               = `n_22_m_pl`
  • 4.3 ton-adjektiivit (onneton:onne) (vain Adj) = a_22_ton
  • 3.2.3 (rakkhaus) = n_22_s
  • 4.1 veres-nominit ( veres, kokkous) ekstraCNSranka = n_22_excns
  • 4.1.1 veres-nominit monikko ( veljekset) ekstraCNSranka = n_22_excns_pl
  • 4.2.2 -inen-nominit odd (vihrinen / ihminen) = n_22_inen_odd
  • 4.2 –inen-nominit ( kainulainen) = n_22_inen
  • 4.2.1 -inen-nominit Pl (tervheiset) = n_22_inen_pl

TYYPPI 3: Pitkävokaaliset rangat

    1. Yksitavuiset / Vi ( maa, yö ) = n_31
  • 1.2 Yksitavuiset monikko/ Vi ( häät ) = n_31_pl
  • 1.1 Yksitavuiset / ai ( tuorestai ) = n_31_ai
  • 2.3 Kokkoontumanom. ( valkkee) = n_31_ee
  • 2.3 Kokkoontumanom. ( filee, teevee) Lainasanat! = n_31_lainasana_ee
  • 2.3.1 Kokkoontumanom. ( assii, laattii ) = n_31_ii
  • 3.3.1 (opas) & 3.3.2 (asukas) & rakas = n_32_as
  • 3.3.3 (ruvis, kaunis) = n_32_is
  • 3.3.4 (huonet, hyljet, perkele) = n_32_et
  • 3.3.5 (kirves) = n_32_ts
  • valkkee:valkke n_31_ee ; Is noun, bål
  • veres:vere n_22_excns ;
  • käsi:käte n_12_si ;
  • assii+Dial/Por:assi n_31_ii ;
  • meininki:meininki n_21_odd_i ;
  • tytär:tyttär n_22 ;
  • lumi:lu n_12_mi ;
  • yö:yö n_31 ;

Leksikkonimet Eiran mukaan

  • n1 Eira 1
  • n12 Eira 1.1 etc Luokat vanha_n_21 n12 vanha_n_22 vanha_n_22odd vanha_n_32 vanha_n_32s vanha_n_32m vanha_n_1 vanha_n_23 vanha_n_33as n-33is vanha_n_33t vanha_n_41 vanha_n_42 vanha_n_42odd Eiran v. 2009 mukaan

2007 s.87

    1. Yksitavuiset / Vi ( maa ) = vanha_n_1
  • 1.1 Yksitavuiset / ai ( tuorestai ) = vanha_n_1ai
  • 1.2. Yksitavuiset monikko/ Vi ( häät ) = vanha_n_1pl
    1. Vokaalirankaiset =
  • 2.1 Kaksitavuiset ( aika, pappi ) = vanha_n_21
  • 2.1.1. Kaksitavuiset monikko (housut ) = vanha_n_21pl
  • 2.1.2. Kaksitavuiset (joki: joke ) = vanha_n_21ie
  • 2.2. Usseempitav. ( opettaaja ) = vanha_n_22
  • 2.2.1. Usseempitav. odd ( kajava ) = vanha_n_22odd
  • 2.2.1. Usseempitav. odd ( meininki, tunturi ) = vanha_n_22oddi
  • 2.2.2. Usseempitav. monikko oi ( kulkkiija ) = vanha_n_22oi
  • 2.3 Kokkoontumanom. ( valkkee,) = vanha_n_23
  • 2.3.1 Kokkoontumanom. ( assii ) = vanha_n_23ii
    1. Konsonanttirankaiset
  • 3.1 Kaksitavuiset ( pieni, kieli ) = vanha_n_31
  • 3.1.1. lumi:lumen:lunta = vanha_n_31m
  • 3.1.2. ( käsi, vuosi ) = vanha_n_31si
  • 3.1.3. ( lapsi ) = vanha_n_31lapsi
  • 3.1.4. ( mies ) = vanha_n_31mies
  • 3.2 Usseempitavuiset ( tytär )
  • 3.2.1 ( tytär ) = vanha_n_32
  • 3.2.2. ( elläin: elläimen = vanha_n_32m
  • 3.2.3. (rakkhaus) = vanha_n_32s
  • 3.3 Kokkoontumanom. ( opas, huonet)
  • 3.3.1 (opas) = vanha_n_33as
  • 3.3.2 (asukas) = vanha_n_33as
  • 3.3.3. (ruvis) = vanha_n_33is
  • 3.3.4 (huonet) = vanha_n_33t
  • 3.3.5 (kirves) = vanha_n_33ts
    1. Ekstrakonsonanttirankaiset
  • 4.1 veres-nominit ( veres, kokkous) = vanha_n_41
  • 4.1.1. veres-nominit monikko ( veljekset) = vanha_n_41pl
  • 4.2 –inen-nominit ( kainulainen) = vanha_n_42 = nen
  • 4.2.1 -inen-nominit Pl (tervheiset) = vanha_n_42pl = nen
  • 4.2.2 -inen-nominit odd (vihrinen) = vanha_n_42odd = nen

This (part of) documentation was generated from src/fst/morphology/stems/nouns.lexc

src-fst-morphology-stems-numerals.lexc.md

Kven numerals

Numerals have been split in three sections, the compounding parts of cardinals and ordinals, and the non-compounding ones:

  • Numeral examples:*

The compounding parts of cardinals are the number multiplier words.

  • cardinal examples:*
  • viiđele: viisi+Num+Sg+All (Eng. !five)
  • tuhatta: tuhat+Num+Sg+Par (Eng. !thousand)

The suffixes only appear after cardinal multipliers

  • Cardinal multiplicants examples:*

The compounding parts of ordinals are the number multiplier words.

  • Ordinal numerals examples:*
  • neljes: neljes+A+Ord+Sg+Nom
  • viiđenelle: viiđes+A+Ord+Sg+All
  • tuhanetta: tuhanes+A+Ord+Sg+Par

The suffixes only appear after cardinal multipliers

  • Ordinal multiplicants examples:*

There is a set of numbers or corresponding expressions that work like them, but are not basic cardinals or ordinals:

  • Numeral others examples:*
  • viitisenkymmentä: viitisenkymmentä+Num

Numeral stem variation

Numerals follow the same stem variation patterns as nouns, some of these being very rare to extinct for nouns.

  • Numerals 31 examples:*

  • yhtheen: yksi+Num+Sg+Ill

  • yhtenä: yksi+Num+Sg+Ess

  • yhđessä: yksi+Num+Sg+Ine

  • yhđelä: yksi+Num+Sg+Ade

  • yhtä: yksi+Num+Sg+Par

  • yksii: yksi+Num+Pl+Par

  • yksiin: yksi+Num+Pl+Gen

  • ykshiin: yksi+Num+Pl+Ill

  • yksinä: yksi+Num+Pl+Ess

  • yksissä: yksi+Num+Pl+Ine

  • Numerals 31 back§ examples:*

  • kahtheen: kaksi+Num+Sg+Ill

  • kahtena: kaksi+Num+Sg+Ess

  • kahđessa: kaksi+Num+Sg+Ine

  • kahđela: kaksi+Num+Sg+Ade

  • kahta: kaksi+Num+Sg+Par

  • kaksii: kaksi+Num+Pl+Par

  • kaksiin: kaksi+Num+Pl+Gen

  • kakshiin: kaksi+Num+Pl+Ill

  • kaksina: kaksi+Num+Pl+Ess

  • kaksissa: kaksi+Num+Pl+Ine

  • Numerals 8~5 examples:*

  • kolme: kolme+Num+Sg+Nom

  • kolmheen: kolme+Num+Sg+Ill

  • kolmena: kolme+Num+Sg+Ess

  • kolmessa: kolme+Num+Sg+Ine

  • kolmela: kolme+Num+Sg+Ade

  • kolmee: kolme+Num+Sg+Par

  • kolmii: kolme+Num+Pl+Par

  • kolmiin: kolme+Num+Pl+Gen

  • kolmhiin: kolme+Num+Pl+Ill

  • kolmina: kolme+Num+Pl+Ess

  • kolmissa: kolme+Num+Pl+Ine

  • Numerals 10 examples:*

  • nelje: nelje+Num+Sg+Nom

  • neljee: nelje+Num+Sg+Par

  • neljheen: nelje+Num+Sg+Ill

  • neljenä: nelje+Num+Sg+Ess

  • neljessä: nelje+Num+Sg+Ine

  • neljelä: nelje+Num+Sg+Ade

  • neljii: nelje+Num+Pl+Par

  • neljiin: nelje+Num+Pl+Gen

  • neljein: nelje+Num+Pl+Gen (Eng. !harvinainen muoto)

  • neljhiin: nelje+Num+Pl+Ill

  • neljinä: nelje+Num+Pl+Ess

  • neljissä: nelje+Num+Pl+Ine

  • Numerals 27 front examples:*

  • viitheen: viisi+Num+Sg+Ill

  • viittä: viisi+Num+Sg+Par

  • viiđessä: viisi+Num+Sg+Ine

  • viiđelä: viisi+Num+Sg+Ade

  • viitenä: viisi+Num+Sg+Ess

  • viisissä: viisi+Num+Pl+Ine

  • viissii: viisi+Num+Pl+Par

  • viissiin: viisi+Num+Pl+Gen

  • viitten: viisi+Num+Pl+Gen (Eng. !harvinainen muoto)

  • viishiin: viisi+Num+Pl+Ill

  • viisinä: viisi+Num+Pl+Ess

  • Numerals 27 back examples:*

  • kuutta: kuusi+Num+Sg+Par

  • kuutena: kuusi+Num+Sg+Ess

  • kuuđessa: kuusi+Num+Sg+Ine

  • kuuđela: kuusi+Num+Sg+Ade

  • kuusina: kuusi+Num+Pl+Ess

  • kuusissa: kuusi+Num+Pl+Ine

  • kuussii: kuusi+Num+Pl+Par

  • kuussiin: kuusi+Num+Pl+Gen

  • kuutten: kuusi+Num+Pl+Gen (Eng. !harvinainen muoto)

  • kuushiin: kuusi+Num+Pl+Ill

  • Numerals 10n examples:*

  • kahđeksen: kahđeksen+Num+Sg+Nom

  • kahđeksee: kahđeksen+Num+Sg+Par

  • kahđeksheen: kahđeksen+Num+Sg+Ill

  • kahđeksessa: kahđeksen+Num+Sg+Ine

  • kahđeksella: kahđeksen+Num+Sg+Ade

  • kahđeksenna: kahđeksen+Num+Sg+Ess

  • kahđeksii: kahđeksen+Num+Pl+Par

  • kahđeksiita: kahđeksen+Num+Pl+Par

  • kahđeksiitten: kahđeksen+Num+Pl+Gen

  • kahđekshiin: kahđeksen+Num+Pl+Ill

  • kahđeksissa: kahđeksen+Num+Pl+Ine

  • kahđeksinna: kahđeksen+Num+Pl+Ess

  • Numerals 10n front examples:*

  • yhđeksen: yhđeksen+Num+Sg+Nom

  • yhđeksee: yhđeksen+Num+Sg+Par

  • yhđeksheen: yhđeksen+Num+Sg+Ill

  • yhđeksessä: yhđeksen+Num+Sg+Ine

  • yhđeksellä: yhđeksen+Num+Sg+Ade

  • yhđeksennä: yhđeksen+Num+Sg+Ess

  • yhđeksii: yhđeksen+Num+Pl+Par

  • yhđeksiitä: yhđeksen+Num+Pl+Par

  • yhđeksiitten: yhđeksen+Num+Pl+Gen

  • yhđekshiin: yhđeksen+Num+Pl+Ill

  • yhđeksissä: yhđeksen+Num+Pl+Ine

  • yhđeksinnä: yhđeksen+Num+Pl+Ess

  • Numerals 32 examples:*

  • kymmenen: kymmenen+Num+Sg+Nom

  • kymmenheen: kymmenen+Num+Sg+Ill

  • kymmenennä: kymmenen+Num+Sg+Ess

  • kymmenessä: kymmenen+Num+Sg+Ine

  • kymmenellä: kymmenen+Num+Sg+Ade

  • kymmentä: kymmenen+Num+Sg+Par

  • kymmenten: kymmenen+Num+Pl+Gen

  • kymmeniitten: kymmenen+Num+Pl+Gen

  • kymmenhiin: kymmenen+Num+Pl+Ill

  • kymmenissä: kymmenen+Num+Pl+Ine

  • kymmeninnä: kymmenen+Num+Pl+Ess

  • Numerals 9 examples:*

  • sata: sata+Num+Sg+Nom

  • satana: sata+Num+Sg+Ess

  • sađassa: sata+Num+Sg+Ine

  • sathaan: sata+Num+Sg+Ill

  • sattaa: sata+Num+Sg+Par

  • sattoin: sata+Num+Pl+Gen

  • sathoin: sata+Num+Pl+Ill

  • sađoissa: sata+Num+Pl+Ine

  • satoina: sata+Num+Pl+Ess

  • Numerals 46 examples:*

  • tuhat: tuhat+Num+Sg+Nom

  • tuhantheen: tuhat+Num+Sg+Ill

  • tuhantenna: tuhat+Num+Sg+Ess

  • tuhanessa: tuhat+Num+Sg+Ine

  • tuhatta: tuhat+Num+Sg+Par

  • tuhanssii: tuhat+Num+Pl+Par

  • tuhanssiitten: tuhat+Num+Pl+Gen

  • tuhantten: tuhat+Num+Pl+Gen (Eng. !harvinainen muoto)

  • tuhanshiin: tuhat+Num+Pl+Ill

  • tuhansinna: tuhat+Num+Pl+Ess

  • tuhansissa: tuhat+Num+Pl+Ine

  • Numerals 10 miljoona examples:*

  • miljoona: miljoona+Num+Sg+Nom

  • miljoonanna: miljoona+Num+Sg+Ess

  • miljoonassa: miljoona+Num+Sg+Ine

  • miljoonaa: miljoona+Num+Sg+Par

  • miljoonhaan: miljoona+Num+Sg+Ill

  • miljoonii: miljoona+Num+Pl+Par

  • miljooniitten: miljoona+Num+Pl+Gen

  • miljoonhiin: miljoona+Num+Pl+Ill

  • miljoonissa: miljoona+Num+Pl+Ine

  • miljooninna: miljoona+Num+Pl+Ess

  • Numerals 5 examples:*

  • miljardi: miljardi+Num+Sg+Nom

  • miljardhiin: miljardi+Num+Sg+Ill

  • miljardii: miljardi+Num+Sg+Par

  • miljardissa: miljardi+Num+Sg+Ine

  • miljardinna: miljardi+Num+Sg+Ess

  • miljardhiin: miljardi+Num+Pl+Ill

  • miljardii: miljardi+Num+Pl+Par

  • miljardiissa: miljardi+Num+Pl+Ine

  • miljardiitten: miljardi+Num+Pl+Gen

  • miljardiina: miljardi+Num+Pl+Ess

  • Numerals 5 more examples:*

  • Googol: Googol+Num+Sg+Nom

  • Numerals 5 moremore examples:*

  • pari: pari+Num+Sg+Nom

  • parhiin: pari+Num+Sg+Ill

  • parrii: pari+Num+Sg+Par

  • parina: pari+Num+Sg+Ess

  • parissa: pari+Num+Sg+Ine

  • pariissa: pari+Num+Pl+Ine

  • pariina: pari+Num+Pl+Ess

  • parrii: pari+Num+Pl+Par

  • parriin: pari+Num+Pl+Gen

  • parhiin: pari+Num+Pl+Ill

  • Numerals 38 examples:*

  • ensimäinen: ensimäinen+A+Ord+Sg+Nom

  • ensimäisenä: ensimäinen+A+Ord+Sg+Ess

  • ensimäisessä: ensimäinen+A+Ord+Sg+Ine

  • ensimäistä: ensimäinen+A+Ord+Sg+Par

  • ensimäisten: ensimäinen+A+Ord+Pl+Gen

  • ensimäissiitten: ensimäinen+A+Ord+Pl+Gen

  • ensimäissii: ensimäinen+A+Ord+Pl+Par

  • ensimäishiin: ensimäinen+A+Ord+Pl+Ill

  • ensimäisinä: ensimäinen+A+Ord+Pl+Ess

  • ensimäisissä: ensimäinen+A+Ord+Pl+Ine

  • Numerals 38 back examples:*

  • toinen: toinen+A+Ord+Sg+Nom

  • toisheen: toinen+A+Ord+Sg+Ill

  • toista: toinen+A+Ord+Sg+Par

  • toisessa: toinen+A+Ord+Sg+Ine

  • toisela: toinen+A+Ord+Sg+Ade

  • toisena: toinen+A+Ord+Sg+Ess

  • toisten: toinen+A+Ord+Pl+Gen

  • toissiin: toinen+A+Ord+Pl+Gen

  • toissii: toinen+A+Ord+Pl+Par

  • toishiin: toinen+A+Ord+Pl+Ill

  • toisissa: toinen+A+Ord+Pl+Ine

  • toisina: toinen+A+Ord+Pl+Ess

  • Numerals 45 examples:*

  • kolmas: kolmas+A+Ord+Sg+Nom

  • kolmantenna: kolmas+A+Ord+Sg+Ess

  • kolmanessa: kolmas+A+Ord+Sg+Ine

  • kolmanella: kolmas+A+Ord+Sg+Ade

  • kolmantheen: kolmas+A+Ord+Sg+Ill

  • kolmatta: kolmas+A+Ord+Sg+Par

  • kolmanssii: kolmas+A+Ord+Pl+Par

  • kolmanssiitten: kolmas+A+Ord+Pl+Gen

  • kolmansissa: kolmas+A+Ord+Pl+Ine

  • kolmansinna: kolmas+A+Ord+Pl+Ess

  • Numerals 45 fron examples:*

  • neljes: neljes+A+Ord+Sg+Nom

  • neljentheen: neljes+A+Ord+Sg+Ill

  • neljentennä: neljes+A+Ord+Sg+Ess

  • neljenessä: neljes+A+Ord+Sg+Ine

  • neljenellä: neljes+A+Ord+Sg+Ade

  • neljettä: neljes+A+Ord+Sg+Par

  • neljenssii: neljes+A+Ord+Pl+Par

  • neljenssiitten: neljes+A+Ord+Pl+Gen

  • neljenshiin: neljes+A+Ord+Pl+Ill

  • neljensissä: neljes+A+Ord+Pl+Ine

  • neljensinnä: neljes+A+Ord+Pl+Ess

  • LEXICON ARABICCOMPOUNDS ! arabic as first part,

This (part of) documentation was generated from src/fst/morphology/stems/numerals.lexc

src-fst-morphology-stems-postpositions.lexc.md

Postpositioiden vartalot

Tässä sekä postpositiot ja niiden tagi.

LEXICON post on itse +Po -tagi

Postpositiot itse sijaitsevat leksikossa LEXICON Postposition

Sannoi ja haamui vesta/Varenki 2012 mukkaan.

This (part of) documentation was generated from src/fst/morphology/stems/postpositions.lexc

src-fst-morphology-stems-prepositions.lexc.md

Prepositiot

Adposittiit eli postposittiit ja preposittiit – esimerkkii Aikamatka-sanalista

pr for +Pr tag

Preposition for +Pr tag

This (part of) documentation was generated from src/fst/morphology/stems/prepositions.lexc

src-fst-morphology-stems-pronouns.lexc.md

Pronominien vartalot

Itse taivutus jatkuu

Persoonapronominit

  • mie+Pron+Pers+Sg1:m 12pronsg ;
  • mie+Pron+Pers+Sg1+Use/NG:m 12pronsg_short ;
  • ...
  • sie+Pron+Pers+Sg2+Use/NG:s 12pronsg_short ;

Demonstratiivipronominit

Kysymäpronominit

  • kuka+Pron+Interr+Sg+Nom:kuka K ; nom

  • kuka+Pron+Interr+Pl+Nom+Dial/Por:kukka K ;

  • kuka+Pron+Interr:ke kuka_relkys_obl ;

  • mikä+Pron+Interr:mi mi_rel ;

Relatiivipronominit

Refleksiivi- ja resiprookipronominit

Indefiniittipronominit/Kvanttoripronominit

This (part of) documentation was generated from src/fst/morphology/stems/pronouns.lexc

src-fst-morphology-stems-propernouns.lexc.md

Propernoun lexicon for Kven

LEXICON ProperNoun on kokeellinen leksikko

  • Ap:Ap2 vanha_nocmp_prop_org_21C ;
  • Kap:Kap2 vanha_prop_sur_21C ;
  • Tonle-Sap:Tonle-Sap2 vanha_prop_plc_21C ;
  • Ginungagap:Ginungagap2 vanha_prop_plc_21C ; ...

This (part of) documentation was generated from src/fst/morphology/stems/propernouns.lexc

src-fst-morphology-stems-verbs.lexc.md

Verbivartalot

Katsaus:

  • Epäsäännölliset ei+V+Neg: neg ; olla: OLLA ;
  • YKSITAVUISET saađa, vieđä...
  • Erikoinen yksitavuinen V1nahda, V1tehda V1kayda
  • YKSIVARTALOISET v2 lähteet, lukkeet...
  • v2_odd kirjoittaat
  • KONSONANTTIVARTALOISET v3-tyyppit:
  • v3_ele
  • v3_ele_short kuula
  • v3_ise aukaista :aukais
  • v3_lnr tulla, mennä...
  • v3piera pierä
  • v3_ele_odd kävelä:kävel ;
  • v3juosta juostajuo v3juosta ;
  • VOKAALIVARTALOISET v4-tyyppiset
  • v4 lämmetä
  • v43 evakueerata
  • v43_odd_II karhiita
  • v4_itte kyytitä: kyyti ;
  • v4_oitte haravoita
  • kontraktiverbit jatkata:jatka v43_odd ;

Lexicon VerbRoot

v_v2 Now v3_ise all end on s. In order to have aukasevat, as an possible Unexpected results: aukasseeva, aukaisseevat Missing results: aukasevat, Unexpected results: aukasseevat

  • olla: OLLA ;
  • ei+V+Neg: neg ;
  • saađa:saa v1 ;
  • vieđä:vie v1 ;
  • naiđa:nai v1iđa ;
  • voiđa:voi v1iđa ;
  • uiđa:ui v1iđa ; ...

huokata:huokka v43_odd ; puheta:puhke v43_odd ;

This (part of) documentation was generated from src/fst/morphology/stems/verbs.lexc

src-fst-phonetics-txt2ipa.xfscript.md

retroflex plosive, voiceless t ʈ 0288, 648 ( = ASCII 096) retroflex plosive, voiced d ɖ 0256, 598 labiodental nasal F ɱ 0271, 625 retroflex nasal n ɳ 0273, 627 palatal nasal J ɲ 0272, 626 velar nasal N ŋ 014B, 331 uvular nasal N\ ɴ 0274, 628

bilabial trill B\ ʙ 0299, 665 uvular trill R\ ʀ 0280, 640 alveolar tap 4 ɾ 027E, 638 retroflex flap r ɽ 027D, 637 bilabial fricative, voiceless p\ ɸ 0278, 632 bilabial fricative, voiced B β 03B2, 946 dental fricative, voiceless T θ 03B8, 952 dental fricative, voiced D ð 00F0, 240 postalveolar fricative, voiceless S ʃ 0283, 643 postalveolar fricative, voiced Z ʒ 0292, 658 retroflex fricative, voiceless s ʂ 0282, 642 retroflex fricative, voiced z` ʐ 0290, 656 palatal fricative, voiceless C ç 00E7, 231 palatal fricative, voiced j\ ʝ 029D, 669 velar fricative, voiced G ɣ 0263, 611 uvular fricative, voiceless X χ 03C7, 967 uvular fricative, voiced R ʁ 0281, 641 pharyngeal fricative, voiceless X\ ħ 0127, 295 pharyngeal fricative, voiced ?\ ʕ 0295, 661 glottal fricative, voiced h\ ɦ 0266, 614

alveolar lateral fricative, vl. K alveolar lateral fricative, vd. K\

labiodental approximant P (or v) alveolar approximant r\ retroflex approximant r` velar approximant M\

retroflex lateral approximant l` palatal lateral approximant L velar lateral approximant L
Clicks

bilabial O\ (O = capital letter) dental |
(post)alveolar !\ palatoalveolar =\ alveolar lateral ||
Ejectives, implosives

ejective > e.g. ejective p p> implosive < e.g. implosive b b< Vowels

close back unrounded M close central unrounded 1 close central rounded } lax i I lax y Y lax u U

close-mid front rounded 2 close-mid central unrounded @\ close-mid central rounded 8 close-mid back unrounded 7

schwa ə @

open-mid front unrounded E open-mid front rounded 9 open-mid central unrounded 3 open-mid central rounded 3\ open-mid back unrounded V open-mid back rounded O

ash (ae digraph) { open schwa (turned a) 6

open front rounded & open back unrounded A open back rounded Q Other symbols

voiceless labial-velar fricative W voiced labial-palatal approx. H voiceless epiglottal fricative H\ voiced epiglottal fricative <\ epiglottal plosive >\

alveolo-palatal fricative, vl. s\ alveolo-palatal fricative, voiced z\ alveolar lateral flap l\ simultaneous S and x x\ tie bar _ Suprasegmentals

primary stress " secondary stress % long : half-long :\ extra-short _X linking mark -
Tones and word accents

level extra high _T level high _H level mid _M level low _L level extra low _B downstep ! upstep ^ (caret, circumflex)

contour, rising contour, falling _F contour, high rising _H_T contour, low rising _B_L

contour, rising-falling _R_F (NB Instead of being written as diacritics with _, all prosodic marks can alternatively be placed in a separate tier, set off by < >, as recommended for the next two symbols.) global rise global fall Diacritics

voiceless _0 (0 = figure), e.g. n_0 voiced _v aspirated _h more rounded _O (O = letter) less rounded _c advanced _+ retracted _- centralized _" syllabic = (or =) e.g. n= (or n=) non-syllabic _^ rhoticity `

breathy voiced _t creaky voiced _k linguolabial _N labialized _w palatalized ' (or _j) e.g. t' (or t_j) velarized _G pharyngealized _?\

dental _d apical _a laminal _m nasalized ~ (or ) e.g. A (or A~) nasal release _n lateral release _l no audible release _}

velarized or pharyngealized _e velarized l, alternatively 5 raised _r lowered _o advanced tongue root _A retracted tongue root _q

This (part of) documentation was generated from src/fst/phonetics/txt2ipa.xfscript

src-fst-transcriptions-transcriptor-abbrevs2text.lexc.md

We describe here how abbreviations are in Kven Finnish are read out, e.g. for text-to-speech systems.

For example:

  • s.:syntynyt # ;
  • os.:omaa% sukua # ;
  • v.:vuosi # ;
  • v.:vuonna # ;
  • esim.:esimerkki # ;
  • esim.:esimerkiksi # ;

This (part of) documentation was generated from src/fst/transcriptions/transcriptor-abbrevs2text.lexc

tools-grammarcheckers-grammarchecker.cg3.md

K V E N G R A M M A R C H E C K E R

DELIMITERS

TAGS AND SETS

Tags

This section lists all the tags inherited from the fst, and used as tags in the syntactic analysis. The next section, Sets, contains sets defined on the basis of the tags listed here, those set names are not visible in the output.

Beginning and end of sentence

BOS EOS

Parts of speech tags

N A Adv V Pron CS CC CC-CS Po Pr Pcle Num Interj ABBR ACR CLB LEFT RIGHT WEB PPUNCT PUNCT

COMMA ¶

Tags for POS sub-categories

Pers Dem Interr Indef Recipr Refl Rel Coll NomAg Prop Allegro Arab Romertall

Tags for morphosyntactic properties

Nom Acc Gen Ill Ine Com Ess Ess Tra Sg Pl

Cmp/SplitR Cmp/SgNom Cmp/SgGen Cmp/SgGen PxSg1 PxSg2 PxSg3 PxDu1 PxDu2 PxDu3 PxPl1 PxPl2 PxPl3 Px

Comp Superl Attr Ord Qst IV TV Prt Prs Ind Pot Cond Imprt ImprtII Sg1 Sg2 Sg3 Pl1 Pl2 Pl3 Inf ConNeg Neg PrfPrc VGen PrsPrc Ger Sup Actio VAbess

Err/Orth

Semantic tags

Sem/Act Sem/Ani Sem/Atr Sem/Body Sem/Clth Sem/Domain Sem/Feat-phys Sem/Fem Sem/Group Sem/Lang Sem/Mal Sem/Measr Sem/Money Sem/Obj Sem/Obj-el Sem/Org Sem/Perc-emo Sem/Plc Sem/Sign Sem/State-sick Sem/Sur Sem/Time Sem/Txt

HUMAN

PROP-ATTR PROP-SUR

TIME-N-SET

Syntactic tags

@+FAUXV @+FMAINV @-FAUXV @-FMAINV @-FSUBJ> @-F<OBJ @-FOBJ> @-FSPRED<OBJ @-F<ADVL @-FADVL> @-F<SPRED @-F<OPRED @-FSPRED> @-FOPRED> @>ADVL @ADVL< @<ADVL @ADVL> @ADVL @HAB> @<HAB @>N @Interj @N< @>A @P< @>P @HNOUN @INTERJ @>Num @Pron< @>Pron @Num< @OBJ @<OBJ @OBJ> @OPRED @<OPRED @OPRED> @PCLE @COMP-CS< @SPRED @<SPRED @SPRED> @SUBJ @<SUBJ @SUBJ> SUBJ SPRED OPRED @PPRED @APP @APP-N< @APP-Pron< @APP>Pron @APP-Num< @APP-ADVL< @VOC @CVP @CNP OBJ -OTHERS SYN-V @X

Sets containing sets of lists and tags

This part of the file lists a large number of sets based partly upon the tags defined above, and partly upon lexemes drawn from the lexicon. See the sourcefile itself to inspect the sets, what follows here is an overview of the set types.

Sets for Single-word sets

INITIAL

Sets for word or not

WORD NOT-COMMA

Case sets

ADLVCASE

CASE-AGREEMENT CASE

NOT-NOM NOT-GEN NOT-ACC

Verb sets

NOT-V

Sets for finiteness and mood

REAL-NEG

MOOD-V

NOT-PRFPRC

Sets for person

SG1-V SG2-V SG3-V DU1-V DU2-V DU3-V PL1-V PL2-V PL3-V

Pronoun sets

Adjectival sets and their complements

Adverbial sets and their complements

Sets of elements with common syntactic behaviour

NP sets defined according to their morphosyntactic features

The PRE-NP-HEAD family of sets

These sets model noun phrases (NPs). The idea is to first define whatever can occur in front of the head of the NP, and thereafter negate that with the expression WORD - premodifiers.

Postposition sets

Border sets and their complements

Grammarchecker rules begin here

Grammarchecker sets

Grammarchecker rules

Speller rules

Agreement rules

Sg1

Agreement rule: msyn-agr-other-sg1, Mun puátá/puáđám

Agreement rule: msyn-agr-other-sg1

Pl3

Agreement rule: msyn-agr-other-pl3, Subject to the left, Toh puátá/puátih.

Agreement rule: msyn-agr-other-pl3, Subject to the left, Toh puátá/puátih.

Agreement rule: msyn-agr-other-pl3

Agreement rule: msyn-agr-other-pl3

Agreement rules

PrfPrc Pl > PrfPrc Sg

relative sentences between the noun and the finite verb

Prs Sg3 > Prs Pl3

regular congruence rules

Negation verb rules

Postposition rules

L2 rules

NP internal rules

Punctuation rules

Spacing errors

This (part of) documentation was generated from tools/grammarcheckers/grammarchecker.cg3

tools-grammarcheckers-grc-disambiguator.cg3.md

Disambiguator for Kven

Sets

Sentence delimiters are the following: "<.>" "<...>" "<!>" "<?>" "<¶>"

Part-of-Speech

  • N = noun
  • A = adjective
  • Num = numeral
  • V = verb
  • Adv = adverb
  • Pcle = particle
  • Pr = preposition
  • Po = postposition
  • Pron = pronoun
  • Interj = interjection

Numerus

  • Sg = Singular
  • Pl = Plural
  • Sg1 = Singular 1.p.
  • Sg2 = Singular 2.p.
  • Sg3 = Singular 3.p.
  • Pl1 = Plural 1.p.
  • Pl2 = Plural 2.p.
  • Pl3 = Plural 3.p.

Cases

  • Nom
  • Gen
  • Acc
  • Par
  • Ine
  • Ill
  • Ela
  • Ade
  • Abe
  • All
  • Abl
  • Ess
  • Tra
  • Ins
  • Com
  • SUBJ-CASE = Nom Par

Types

  • Prop = Proper noun

  • Interr = Interrogative

  • Dem = demonstrative pron

  • Rel = Relative pron Relpronpl "mikkä ja "jokka" Relpronsg "mikä" ja "joka" Interrpronpl "kuka" ja "mikä"

  • Pers = Personal pron

  • Indef = Indef pron

  • Inf = Infinitive

  • ConNeg = Conjugated as Negative form

  • PrfPrc = Perfectum Particip

  • Imprt = Imperative

  • Act = Active

  • Neg = Negation verb

  • COMMA = comma

  • Foc/kaan = focus clitic -kaan

  • Sem/Fem = feminin propernoun

Sets with more members

  • WORD = all PoS

  • NPMOD = these can modify a noun

  • NPMODADV = NPMOD plus adverb

  • NOT-NPMOD = these cannot modify a noun

  • NOT-NPMODADV = these cannot modify a noun, and is not adverb

  • QVANT-ADV = e.g. paljon, vähän

  • KUNKA = e.g. kunka missä (adverbs that start a sentence)

Boundaries

  • S-BOUNDARY = words that start a sentence

Verbs

  • SV-BOUNDARY = words that start a sentence and finite verb

Disambiguation rules

Dialects

Early rules

  • person_test selects finite verb if there is a Pron Pers to the left

  • adv_after_V selects adverb if there is a verb to the right

  • prop_infrontof_kieli removes propernoun in fron of kieli, if it kan be something else, e.g. Kainun kieli

  • PropInit removes propernoun in the beginning of a sentence if it kan be a CC or a Pr (e.g. Mutta)

  • PropNotInit selects propernoun if it is not in the beginning of a sentence

Possessive suffixes

Numeral phrases

Preposition/postposition/adverb rules

  • Prifgenpar selects preposition to the left of Gen or Par

  • Poifgenpar selects postposition to the right of Gen or Par

  • vasthaan

Rules for mapping @CVP and @CNP on the CC and CS

  • CVP maps @CVP to CS and mutta

  • CNPifN maps @CNP to CC between two N

  • CNPifInf maps @CNP to CC between two Inf

Case rules

Partitive

Genitive

Illative

Number rules

More disambiguation rules

  • SgNotPl

Elative

Propernouns

Verbs

Specific verbs

ei negation verb

eli

Adverbs

paljon

kerran

jälkhiin

Adjectives

Conjunctions

Subjunctions

että

jos

ko

sillä

Pronouns

Verb rules, Verbs

Infinitive

Present Sg3

Present Pl3 or Passive

Imperative

  • Pl3ollaifplrelpronandplinterrpron selects Pl3 if olla

  • Sg3ollaifplrelpronandplinterrpron selects Sg3 if olla

  • Sg3ollainpretandperf selects Sg3 if COPULAS

  • Sg3ollainpretandperf selects Sg3 if COPULAS

  • Relpronandnotintterpron selects Rel Sg if Interr

  • Relpronandnotintterpron selects Rel Sg if Interr

  • interrpron selects Interr if ? in the end

  • DifferenceBetweenNiitäImprtAndNiitäDemAndPersIfSubj selects Pron Dem Pl or Pron Pers Pl3 when finite verb to the right

  • paljonadvandnotpaljonoun selects Adv if paljon

  • Relpronifitsanounoracommabeforeit selects Rel Pl if N to the left

  • annaimperativeandnotannaname removes Prop if Anna se

  • tulinounfromtuliprtsg3 selects V Sg

  • dempronandnotpronpers selects Den if A of N to the right

  • Imperativefromconneg selects and removes ConNeg

  • ImperativeafterNeg removes Imprt if pronoun

  • interrel selects Interr of Rel if CS to the right

  • +FMAINV to the remaining finite verbs which are not AUX

HNOUN MAPPING

  • @<ADVLcoor (@<ADVL) for ADVLCASEAdv if @CNP to the left and ADVL to the left of it

  • X maps X everywhere

  • REMOVE X removes X whenever there is any other tag.

  • WORDLEMMA = regex giving the lemma in question

  • errorth removes Err/Orth if there is an analysis without Err/Orth with the same lemma

This (part of) documentation was generated from tools/grammarcheckers/grc-disambiguator.cg3

tools-tokenisers-tokeniser-disamb-gt-desc.pmscript.md

Tokeniser for fkv

Usage:

$ make
$ echo "ja, ja" | hfst-tokenise --giella-cg tokeniser-disamb-gt-desc.pmhfst
$ echo "Juos gorreválggain lea (dárbbašlaš) deavdit gáibádusa boasttu olmmoš, man mielde lahtuid." | hfst-tokenise --giella-cg tokeniser-disamb-gt-desc.pmhfst
$ echo "(gáfe) 'ja' ja 3. ja? ц jaja ukjend \"ukjend\"" | hfst-tokenise --giella-cg tokeniser-disamb-gt-desc.pmhfst
$ echo "márffibiillagáffe" | hfst-tokenise --giella-cg tokeniser-disamb-gt-desc.pmhfst

Pmatch documentation: https://github.com/hfst/hfst/wiki/HfstPmatch

Characters which have analyses in the lexicon, but can appear without spaces before/after, that is, with no context conditions, and adjacent to words:

  • Punct contains ASCII punctuation marks
  • The symbol after m-dash is soft-hyphen U+00AD
  • The symbol following {•} is byte-order-mark / zero-width no-break space U+FEFF.

Whitespace contains ASCII white space and the List contains some unicode white space characters

  • En Quad U+2000 to Zero-Width Joiner U+200d'
  • Narrow No-Break Space U+202F
  • Medium Mathematical Space U+205F
  • Word joiner U+2060

Apart from what's in our morphology, there are

  1. unknown word-like forms, and
  2. unmatched strings We want to give 1) a match, but let 2) be treated specially by hfst-tokenise -a Unknowns are made of:
  • lower-case ASCII
  • upper-case ASCII
  • select extended latin symbols ASCII digits
  • select symbols
  • Combining diacritics as individual symbols,
  • various symbols from Private area (probably Microsoft), so far:
  • U+F0B7 for "x in box"

Unknown handling

Unknowns are tagged ?? and treated specially with hfst-tokenise hfst-tokenise --giella-cg will treat such empty analyses as unknowns, and remove empty analyses from other readings. Empty readings are also legal in CG, they get a default baseform equal to the wordform, but no tag to check, so it's safer to let hfst-tokenise handle them.

Finally we mark as a token any sequence making up a:

  • known word in context
  • unknown (OOV) token in context
  • sequence of word and punctuation
  • URL in context

This (part of) documentation was generated from tools/tokenisers/tokeniser-disamb-gt-desc.pmscript

tools-tokenisers-tokeniser-gramcheck-gt-desc.pmscript.md

Grammar checker tokenisation for fkv

Requires a recent version of HFST (3.10.0 / git revision>=3aecdbc) Then just:

$ make
$ echo "ja, ja" | hfst-tokenise --giella-cg tokeniser-disamb-gt-desc.pmhfst

More usage examples:

$ echo "Juos gorreválggain lea (dárbbašlaš) deavdit gáibádusa boasttu olmmoš, man mielde lahtuid." | hfst-tokenise --giella-cg tokeniser-disamb-gt-desc.pmhfst
$ echo "(gáfe) 'ja' ja 3. ja? ц jaja ukjend \"ukjend\"" | hfst-tokenise --giella-cg tokeniser-disamb-gt-desc.pmhfst
$ echo "márffibiillagáffe" | hfst-tokenise --giella-cg tokeniser-disamb-gt-desc.pmhfst

Pmatch documentation: https://github.com/hfst/hfst/wiki/HfstPmatch

Characters which have analyses in the lexicon, but can appear without spaces before/after, that is, with no context conditions, and adjacent to words:

  • Punct contains ASCII punctuation marks
  • The symbol after m-dash is soft-hyphen U+00AD
  • The symbol following {•} is byte-order-mark / zero-width no-break space U+FEFF.

Whitespace contains ASCII white space and the List contains some unicode white space characters

  • En Quad U+2000 to Zero-Width Joiner U+200d'
  • Narrow No-Break Space U+202F
  • Medium Mathematical Space U+205F
  • Word joiner U+2060

Apart from what's in our morphology, there are

  1. unknown word-like forms, and
  2. unmatched strings We want to give 1) a match, but let 2) be treated specially by hfst-tokenise -a
  • select extended latin symbols
  • select symbols
  • various symbols from Private area (probably Microsoft), so far:
  • U+F0B7 for "x in box"

TODO: Could use something like this, but built-in's don't include šžđčŋ:

Simply give an empty reading when something is unknown: hfst-tokenise --giella-cg will treat such empty analyses as unknowns, and remove empty analyses from other readings. Empty readings are also legal in CG, they get a default baseform equal to the wordform, but no tag to check, so it's safer to let hfst-tokenise handle them.

Finally we mark as a token any sequence making up a:

  • known word in context
  • unknown (OOV) token in context
  • sequence of word and punctuation
  • URL in context

This (part of) documentation was generated from tools/tokenisers/tokeniser-gramcheck-gt-desc.pmscript

tools-tokenisers-tokeniser-tts-cggt-desc.pmscript.md

TTS tokenisation for smj

Requires a recent version of HFST (3.10.0 / git revision>=3aecdbc) Then just:

make
echo "ja, ja" \
| hfst-tokenise --giella-cg tokeniser-disamb-gt-desc.pmhfst

More usage examples:

echo "Juos gorreválggain lea (dárbbašlaš) deavdit gáibádusa \
boasttu olmmoš, man mielde lahtuid." \
| hfst-tokenise --giella-cg tokeniser-disamb-gt-desc.pmhfst
echo "(gáfe) 'ja' ja 3. ja? ц jaja ukjend \"ukjend\"" \
| hfst-tokenise --giella-cg tokeniser-disamb-gt-desc.pmhfst
echo "márffibiillagáffe" \
| hfst-tokenise --giella-cg tokeniser-disamb-gt-desc.pmhfst

Pmatch documentation: https://kitwiki.csc.fi/twiki/bin/view/KitWiki/HfstPmatch

Characters which have analyses in the lexicon, but can appear without spaces before/after, that is, with no context conditions, and adjacent to words:

  • Punct contains ASCII punctuation marks
  • The symbol after m-dash is soft-hyphen U+00AD
  • The symbol following {•} is byte-order-mark / zero-width no-break space U+FEFF.

Whitespace contains ASCII white space and the List contains some unicode white space characters

  • En Quad U+2000 to Zero-Width Joiner U+200d'
  • Narrow No-Break Space U+202F
  • Medium Mathematical Space U+205F
  • Word joiner U+2060

Apart from what's in our morphology, there are

  1. unknown word-like forms, and
  2. unmatched strings We want to give 1) a match, but let 2) be treated specially by hfst-tokenise -a
  • select extended latin symbols
  • select symbols
  • various symbols from Private area (probably Microsoft), so far:
  • U+F0B7 for "x in box"

TODO: Could use something like this, but built-in's don't include šžđčŋ:

Simply give an empty reading when something is unknown: hfst-tokenise --giella-cg will treat such empty analyses as unknowns, and remove empty analyses from other readings. Empty readings are also legal in CG, they get a default baseform equal to the wordform, but no tag to check, so it's safer to let hfst-tokenise handle them.

Needs hfst-tokenise to output things differently depending on the tag they get

This (part of) documentation was generated from tools/tokenisers/tokeniser-tts-cggt-desc.pmscript