diff --git a/.cargo/audit.toml b/.cargo/audit.toml
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..e796859
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.cargo/audit.toml
@@ -0,0 +1,35 @@
+# audit config file
+#
+# It may be located in the user home (`~/.cargo/audit.toml`) or in the project
+# root (`.cargo/audit.toml`).
+#
+# All of the options which can be passed via CLI arguments can also be
+# permanently specified in this file.
+# It may be located in the user home (`~/.cargo/audit.toml`) or in the project
+# root (`.cargo/audit.toml`).
+
+[advisories]
+ignore = ["RUSTSEC-2020-0071"]
+
+# # Advisory Database Configuration
+# [database]
+# path = "~/.cargo/advisory-db" # Path where advisory git repo will be cloned
+# url = "https://github.com/RustSec/advisory-db.git" # URL to git repo
+# fetch = true # Perform a `git fetch` before auditing (default: true)
+# stale = false # Allow stale advisory DB (i.e. no commits for 90 days, default: false)
+
+# # Output Configuration
+# [output]
+# deny = ["unmaintained"] # exit on error if unmaintained dependencies are found
+# format = "terminal" # "terminal" (human readable report) or "json"
+# quiet = false # Only print information on error
+# show_tree = true # Show inverse dependency trees along with advisories (default: true)
+
+# # Target Configuration
+# [target]
+# arch = "x86_64" # Ignore advisories for CPU architectures other than this one
+# os = "linux" # Ignore advisories for operating systems other than this one
+
+# [yanked]
+# enabled = true # Warn for yanked crates in Cargo.lock (default: true)
+# update_index = true # Auto-update the crates.io index (default: true)
diff --git a/.cargo/config.toml b/.cargo/config.toml
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..8d1dff8
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.cargo/config.toml
@@ -0,0 +1,8 @@
+#
+# https://stackoverflow.com/questions/28124221/error-linking-with-cc-failed-exit-code-1
+#
+[target.x86_64-apple-darwin]
+rustflags = [
+  "-C", "link-arg=-undefined",
+  "-C", "link-arg=dynamic_lookup",
+]
diff --git a/.dockerignore b/.dockerignore
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..d4fc4b5
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.dockerignore
@@ -0,0 +1,24 @@
+**/.idea
+.cargo
+.dockerignore
+.fossa.yml
+.git
+.github
+CHANGELOG.md
+CODE_OF_CONDUCT.md
+CONTRIBUTING.md
+Containerfile.debian
+Dockerfile
+GNUmakefile
+LICENSE.txt
+README.md
+SECURITY.md
+build
+
+.vscode/**
+
+**/target
+target
+
+.cache/
+.nginx/
diff --git a/.fossa.yml b/.fossa.yml
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..ef1059f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.fossa.yml
@@ -0,0 +1,11 @@
+version: 3
+
+project:
+  id: github.com/nginxinc/ngx-rust
+  name: ngx-rust
+  url: github.com/nginxinc/ngx-rust
+
+paths:
+  exclude:
+    - ./cache
+    - ./nginx
diff --git a/.github/ISSUE_TEMPLATE/bug_report.md b/.github/ISSUE_TEMPLATE/bug_report.md
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..a85753e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.github/ISSUE_TEMPLATE/bug_report.md
@@ -0,0 +1,29 @@
+---
+name: Bug report
+about: Create a report to help us improve
+
+---
+
+**Describe the bug**
+A clear and concise description of what the bug is.
+
+**To Reproduce**
+Steps to reproduce the behavior:
+1. See my project that depends on this project
+2. View logs on '....'
+3. Run this test I created
+4. See error
+
+**Expected behavior**
+A clear and concise description of what you expected to happen.
+
+**Your environment**
+* Version of the repo - a specific commit or tag
+* Version of ngx-rust
+* Version of Rust
+* Version of NGINX (and all dependencies if modified)
+* OS and distribution
+* Details about containerization, virtualization, or physical environment
+
+**Additional context**
+Add any other context about the problem here. Any log files you want to share.
diff --git a/.github/ISSUE_TEMPLATE/feature_request.md b/.github/ISSUE_TEMPLATE/feature_request.md
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..6bcce42
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.github/ISSUE_TEMPLATE/feature_request.md
@@ -0,0 +1,17 @@
+---
+name: Feature request
+about: Suggest an idea for this project
+
+---
+
+**Is your feature request related to a problem? Please describe.**
+A clear and concise description of what the problem is. Ex. I'm always frustrated when [...]
+
+**Describe the solution you'd like**
+A clear and concise description of what you want to happen.
+
+**Describe alternatives you've considered**
+A clear and concise description of any alternative solutions or features you've considered.
+
+**Additional context**
+Add any other context or screenshots about the feature request here.
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/.github/PULL_REQUEST_TEMPLATE.md b/.github/PULL_REQUEST_TEMPLATE.md
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..47781ac
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.github/PULL_REQUEST_TEMPLATE.md
@@ -0,0 +1,15 @@
+### Proposed changes
+Describe the use case and detail of the change. If this PR addresses an issue 
+on GitHub, make sure to include a link to that issue here in this description 
+(not in the title of the PR).
+
+### Checklist
+Before creating a PR, run through this checklist and mark each as complete.
+
+- [ ] I have written my commit messages in the [Conventional Commits](https://www.conventionalcommits.org/en/v1.0.0/) format. 
+- [ ] I have read the [CONTRIBUTING](/CONTRIBUTING.md) doc
+- [ ] I have added tests (when possible) that prove my fix is effective or that my feature works
+- [ ] I have checked that all unit tests pass after adding my changes
+- [ ] I have updated necessary documentation
+- [ ] I have rebased my branch onto master
+- [ ] I will ensure my PR is targeting the main branch and pulling from my branch from my own fork
diff --git a/.github/dependabot.yml b/.github/dependabot.yml
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..d5c3ffd
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.github/dependabot.yml
@@ -0,0 +1,11 @@
+# To get started with Dependabot version updates, you'll need to specify which
+# package ecosystems to update and where the package manifests are located.
+# Please see the documentation for all configuration options:
+# https://docs.github.com/github/administering-a-repository/configuration-options-for-dependency-updates
+
+version: 2
+updates:
+  - package-ecosystem: "cargo"
+    directory: "/" # Location of package manifests
+    schedule:
+      interval: "weekly"
diff --git a/.github/workflows/cargo-audit.yaml b/.github/workflows/cargo-audit.yaml
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..4974b63
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.github/workflows/cargo-audit.yaml
@@ -0,0 +1,14 @@
+name: Security audit
+on:
+  push:
+    paths:
+      - '**/Cargo.toml'
+      - '**/Cargo.lock'
+jobs:
+  security_audit:
+    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+    steps:
+      - uses: actions/checkout@v1
+      - uses: actions-rs/audit-check@v1
+        with:
+          token: ${{ secrets.GITHUB_TOKEN }}
diff --git a/.github/workflows/ci.yaml b/.github/workflows/ci.yaml
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..31fc6f4
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.github/workflows/ci.yaml
@@ -0,0 +1,128 @@
+name: Rust
+
+on: [ push, pull_request ]
+
+env:
+  CARGO_TERM_COLOR: always
+
+jobs:
+  test-linux:
+    name: Test (Linux)
+    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+    steps:
+      - name: checkout source
+        uses: actions/checkout@v3
+      - name: set up cargo cache
+        uses: actions/cache@v3
+        continue-on-error: false
+        with:
+          path: |
+            .cache/cargo/registry/index/
+            .cache/cargo/registry/cache/
+            .cache/cargo/git/db/
+          key: ${{ runner.os }}-cargo
+          restore-keys: ${{ runner.os }}-cargo
+      - name: set up nginx source binary cache
+        uses: actions/cache@v3
+        continue-on-error: false
+        with:
+          path: |
+            .cache/.gnupg
+            .cache/*.tar.gz
+            .cache/*.tar.asc
+            .cache/*.tar.sig
+          key: nginx-${{ hashFiles('**/nginx-sys/build.rs') }}
+          restore-keys: nginx-
+      - name: run tests in container
+        run: make container-test
+
+  test-macos:
+    name: Test (MacOS)
+    runs-on: macos-latest
+    steps:
+      - name: install GNU make 4
+        run: brew install make openssl
+      - uses: actions/checkout@v3
+      - uses: actions-rs/toolchain@v1
+        with:
+          profile: minimal
+          toolchain: stable
+          override: true
+      - name: set up cargo cache
+        uses: actions/cache@v3
+        continue-on-error: false
+        with:
+          path: |
+            ~/.cargo/registry/index/
+            ~/.cargo/registry/cache/
+            ~/.cargo/git/db/
+          key: ${{ runner.os }}-cargo
+          restore-keys: ${{ runner.os }}-cargo
+      - name: set up nginx source binary cache
+        uses: actions/cache@v3
+        continue-on-error: false
+        with:
+          path: |
+            .cache/.gnupg
+            .cache/*.tar.gz
+            .cache/*.tar.asc
+            .cache/*.tar.sig
+          key: nginx-${{ hashFiles('**/nginx-sys/build.rs') }}
+          restore-keys: nginx-
+      - name: run tests
+        uses: actions-rs/cargo@v1
+        with:
+          command: test
+          args: --verbose
+
+  fmt:
+    name: Rustfmt
+    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+    steps:
+      - uses: actions/checkout@v3
+      - uses: actions-rs/toolchain@v1
+        with:
+          profile: minimal
+          toolchain: stable
+          override: true
+      - run: rustup component add rustfmt
+      - uses: actions-rs/cargo@v1
+        with:
+          command: fmt
+          args: --all -- --check
+
+#  clippy:
+#    name: Clippy
+#    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+#    steps:
+#      - uses: actions/checkout@v3
+#      - uses: actions-rs/toolchain@v1
+#        with:
+#          profile: minimal
+#          toolchain: stable
+#          override: true
+#      - run: rustup component add clippy
+#      - uses: actions-rs/cargo@v1
+#        with:
+#          command: clippy
+#          args: -- -D warnings
+
+#  docs:
+#    name: Docs
+#    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+#    steps:
+#      - name: Checkout repository
+#        uses: actions/checkout@v3
+#      - name: Install Rust
+#        uses: actions-rs/toolchain@v1
+#        with:
+#          toolchain: stable
+#          profile: minimal
+#          override: true
+#      - name: Check documentation
+#        env:
+#          RUSTDOCFLAGS: -D warnings
+#        uses: actions-rs/cargo@v1
+#        with:
+#          command: doc
+#          args: --no-deps --document-private-items
diff --git a/.github/workflows/fossa.yaml b/.github/workflows/fossa.yaml
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..c242914
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.github/workflows/fossa.yaml
@@ -0,0 +1,18 @@
+name: License Scanning
+
+on:
+  - pull_request
+  - push
+
+jobs:
+  build:
+    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+
+    steps:
+      - name: Checkout code
+        uses: actions/checkout@v2
+
+      - name: Run FOSSA scan and upload build data
+        uses: fossa-contrib/fossa-action@v1
+        with:
+          fossa-api-key: ${{ secrets.FOSSA_API_KEY }}
diff --git a/.gitignore b/.gitignore
index fe91bc8..0a75edb 100644
--- a/.gitignore
+++ b/.gitignore
@@ -1,4 +1,256 @@
-target
-.idea
-.vscode
-nginx
+# Created by https://www.toptal.com/developers/gitignore/api/c,rust,intellij+all,visualstudiocode,vim,emacs
+# Edit at https://www.toptal.com/developers/gitignore?templates=c,rust,intellij+all,visualstudiocode,vim,emacs
+
+### C ###
+# Prerequisites
+*.d
+
+# Object files
+*.o
+*.ko
+*.obj
+*.elf
+
+# Linker output
+*.ilk
+*.map
+*.exp
+
+# Precompiled Headers
+*.gch
+*.pch
+
+# Libraries
+*.lib
+*.a
+*.la
+*.lo
+
+# Shared objects (inc. Windows DLLs)
+*.dll
+*.so
+*.so.*
+*.dylib
+
+# Executables
+*.exe
+*.out
+*.app
+*.i*86
+*.x86_64
+*.hex
+
+# Debug files
+*.dSYM/
+*.su
+*.idb
+*.pdb
+
+# Kernel Module Compile Results
+*.mod*
+*.cmd
+.tmp_versions/
+modules.order
+Module.symvers
+Mkfile.old
+dkms.conf
+
+### Emacs ###
+# -*- mode: gitignore; -*-
+*~
+\#*\#
+/.emacs.desktop
+/.emacs.desktop.lock
+*.elc
+auto-save-list
+tramp
+.\#*
+
+# Org-mode
+.org-id-locations
+*_archive
+
+# flymake-mode
+*_flymake.*
+
+# eshell files
+/eshell/history
+/eshell/lastdir
+
+# elpa packages
+/elpa/
+
+# reftex files
+*.rel
+
+# AUCTeX auto folder
+/auto/
+
+# cask packages
+.cask/
+dist/
+
+# Flycheck
+flycheck_*.el
+
+# server auth directory
+/server/
+
+# projectiles files
+.projectile
+
+# directory configuration
+.dir-locals.el
+
+# network security
+/network-security.data
+
+
+### Intellij+all ###
+# Covers JetBrains IDEs: IntelliJ, RubyMine, PhpStorm, AppCode, PyCharm, CLion, Android Studio, WebStorm and Rider
+# Reference: https://intellij-support.jetbrains.com/hc/en-us/articles/206544839
+
+# User-specific stuff
+.idea/**/workspace.xml
+.idea/**/tasks.xml
+.idea/**/usage.statistics.xml
+.idea/**/dictionaries
+.idea/**/shelf
+
+# AWS User-specific
+.idea/**/aws.xml
+
+# Generated files
+.idea/**/contentModel.xml
+
+# Sensitive or high-churn files
+.idea/**/dataSources/
+.idea/**/dataSources.ids
+.idea/**/dataSources.local.xml
+.idea/**/sqlDataSources.xml
+.idea/**/dynamic.xml
+.idea/**/uiDesigner.xml
+.idea/**/dbnavigator.xml
+
+# Gradle
+.idea/**/gradle.xml
+.idea/**/libraries
+
+# Gradle and Maven with auto-import
+# When using Gradle or Maven with auto-import, you should exclude module files,
+# since they will be recreated, and may cause churn.  Uncomment if using
+# auto-import.
+# .idea/artifacts
+# .idea/compiler.xml
+# .idea/jarRepositories.xml
+# .idea/modules.xml
+# .idea/*.iml
+# .idea/modules
+# *.iml
+# *.ipr
+
+# CMake
+cmake-build-*/
+
+# Mongo Explorer plugin
+.idea/**/mongoSettings.xml
+
+# File-based project format
+*.iws
+
+# IntelliJ
+out/
+
+# mpeltonen/sbt-idea plugin
+.idea_modules/
+
+# JIRA plugin
+atlassian-ide-plugin.xml
+
+# Cursive Clojure plugin
+.idea/replstate.xml
+
+# SonarLint plugin
+.idea/sonarlint/
+
+# Crashlytics plugin (for Android Studio and IntelliJ)
+com_crashlytics_export_strings.xml
+crashlytics.properties
+crashlytics-build.properties
+fabric.properties
+
+# Editor-based Rest Client
+.idea/httpRequests
+
+# Android studio 3.1+ serialized cache file
+.idea/caches/build_file_checksums.ser
+
+### Intellij+all Patch ###
+# Ignore everything but code style settings and run configurations
+# that are supposed to be shared within teams.
+
+.idea/*
+
+!.idea/codeStyles
+!.idea/runConfigurations
+
+### Rust ###
+# Generated by Cargo
+# will have compiled files and executables
+debug/
+target/
+
+# Remove Cargo.lock from gitignore if creating an executable, leave it for libraries
+# More information here https://doc.rust-lang.org/cargo/guide/cargo-toml-vs-cargo-lock.html
+Cargo.lock
+
+# These are backup files generated by rustfmt
+**/*.rs.bk
+
+# MSVC Windows builds of rustc generate these, which store debugging information
+
+### Vim ###
+# Swap
+[._]*.s[a-v][a-z]
+!*.svg  # comment out if you don't need vector files
+[._]*.sw[a-p]
+[._]s[a-rt-v][a-z]
+[._]ss[a-gi-z]
+[._]sw[a-p]
+
+# Session
+Session.vim
+Sessionx.vim
+
+# Temporary
+.netrwhist
+# Auto-generated tag files
+tags
+# Persistent undo
+[._]*.un~
+
+### VisualStudioCode ###
+.vscode/*
+!.vscode/settings.json
+!.vscode/tasks.json
+!.vscode/launch.json
+!.vscode/extensions.json
+!.vscode/*.code-snippets
+
+# Local History for Visual Studio Code
+.history/
+
+# Built Visual Studio Code Extensions
+*.vsix
+
+### VisualStudioCode Patch ###
+# Ignore all local history of files
+.history
+.ionide
+
+# End of https://www.toptal.com/developers/gitignore/api/c,rust,intellij+all,visualstudiocode,vim,emacs
+
+.vscode/c_cpp_properties.json
+.cache/
+.nginx/
+.DS_Store
diff --git a/CHANGELOG.md b/CHANGELOG.md
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..ba81188
--- /dev/null
+++ b/CHANGELOG.md
@@ -0,0 +1,4 @@
+# Changelog
+
+All notable changes to this project will be documented in this file.
+
diff --git a/CODE_OF_CONDUCT.md b/CODE_OF_CONDUCT.md
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..4547fd8
--- /dev/null
+++ b/CODE_OF_CONDUCT.md
@@ -0,0 +1,129 @@
+
+# Contributor Covenant Code of Conduct
+
+## Our Pledge
+
+We as members, contributors, and leaders pledge to make participation in our
+community a harassment-free experience for everyone, regardless of age, body
+size, visible or invisible disability, ethnicity, sex characteristics, gender
+identity and expression, level of experience, education, socio-economic status,
+nationality, personal appearance, race, religion, or sexual identity
+and orientation.
+
+We pledge to act and interact in ways that contribute to an open, welcoming,
+diverse, inclusive, and healthy community.
+
+## Our Standards
+
+Examples of behavior that contributes to a positive environment for our
+community include:
+
+* Demonstrating empathy and kindness toward other people
+* Being respectful of differing opinions, viewpoints, and experiences
+* Giving and gracefully accepting constructive feedback
+* Accepting responsibility and apologizing to those affected by our mistakes,
+  and learning from the experience
+* Focusing on what is best not just for us as individuals, but for the
+  overall community
+
+Examples of unacceptable behavior include:
+
+* The use of sexualized language or imagery, and sexual attention or
+  advances of any kind
+* Trolling, insulting or derogatory comments, and personal or political attacks
+* Public or private harassment
+* Publishing others' private information, such as a physical or email
+  address, without their explicit permission
+* Other conduct which could reasonably be considered inappropriate in a
+  professional setting
+
+## Enforcement Responsibilities
+
+Community leaders are responsible for clarifying and enforcing our standards of
+acceptable behavior and will take appropriate and fair corrective action in
+response to any behavior that they deem inappropriate, threatening, offensive,
+or harmful.
+
+Community leaders have the right and responsibility to remove, edit, or reject
+comments, commits, code, wiki edits, issues, and other contributions that are
+not aligned to this Code of Conduct, and will communicate reasons for moderation
+decisions when appropriate.
+
+## Scope
+
+This Code of Conduct applies within all community spaces, and also applies when
+an individual is officially representing the community in public spaces.
+Examples of representing our community include using an official e-mail address,
+posting via an official social media account, or acting as an appointed
+representative at an online or offline event.
+
+## Enforcement
+
+Instances of abusive, harassing, or otherwise unacceptable behavior may be
+reported to the community leaders responsible for enforcement as listed on the
+github project page.
+All complaints will be reviewed and investigated promptly and fairly.
+
+All community leaders are obligated to respect the privacy and security of the
+reporter of any incident.
+
+## Enforcement Guidelines
+
+Community leaders will follow these Community Impact Guidelines in determining
+the consequences for any action they deem in violation of this Code of Conduct:
+
+### 1. Correction
+
+**Community Impact**: Use of inappropriate language or other behavior deemed
+unprofessional or unwelcome in the community.
+
+**Consequence**: A private, written warning from community leaders, providing
+clarity around the nature of the violation and an explanation of why the
+behavior was inappropriate. A public apology may be requested.
+
+### 2. Warning
+
+**Community Impact**: A violation through a single incident or series
+of actions.
+
+**Consequence**: A warning with consequences for continued behavior. No
+interaction with the people involved, including unsolicited interaction with
+those enforcing the Code of Conduct, for a specified period of time. This
+includes avoiding interactions in community spaces as well as external channels
+like social media. Violating these terms may lead to a temporary or
+permanent ban.
+
+### 3. Temporary Ban
+
+**Community Impact**: A serious violation of community standards, including
+sustained inappropriate behavior.
+
+**Consequence**: A temporary ban from any sort of interaction or public
+communication with the community for a specified period of time. No public or
+private interaction with the people involved, including unsolicited interaction
+with those enforcing the Code of Conduct, is allowed during this period.
+Violating these terms may lead to a permanent ban.
+
+### 4. Permanent Ban
+
+**Community Impact**: Demonstrating a pattern of violation of community
+standards, including sustained inappropriate behavior,  harassment of an
+individual, or aggression toward or disparagement of classes of individuals.
+
+**Consequence**: A permanent ban from any sort of public interaction within
+the community.
+
+## Attribution
+
+This Code of Conduct is adapted from the [Contributor Covenant][homepage],
+version 2.0, available at
+https://www.contributor-covenant.org/version/2/0/code_of_conduct.html.
+
+Community Impact Guidelines were inspired by [Mozilla's code of conduct
+enforcement ladder](https://github.com/mozilla/diversity).
+
+[homepage]: https://www.contributor-covenant.org
+
+For answers to common questions about this code of conduct, see the FAQ at
+https://www.contributor-covenant.org/faq. Translations are available at
+https://www.contributor-covenant.org/translations.
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/CONTRIBUTING.md b/CONTRIBUTING.md
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..5242d62
--- /dev/null
+++ b/CONTRIBUTING.md
@@ -0,0 +1,55 @@
+# Contributing Guidelines
+
+The following is a set of guidelines for contributing. We really appreciate that you are considering contributing!
+
+#### Table Of Contents
+
+[Ask a Question](#ask-a-question)
+
+[Contributing](#contributing)
+
+[Style Guides](#style-guides)
+  * [Git Style Guide](#git-style-guide)
+  * [Rust Style Guide](#rust-style-guide)
+
+[Code of Conduct](CODE_OF_CONDUCT.md)
+
+## Ask a Question
+
+Please ask your question on github using discussions.
+
+## Contributing
+
+### Report a Bug
+
+To report a bug, open an issue on GitHub with the label `bug` using the available bug report issue template. Please ensure the issue has not already been reported.
+
+### Suggest an Enhancement
+
+To suggest an enhancement, please create an issue on GitHub with the label `enhancement` using the available feature issue template.
+
+### Open a Pull Request
+
+* Fork the repo, create a branch, submit a PR when your changes are tested and ready for review.
+* Fill in [our pull request template](/.github/PULL_REQUEST_TEMPLATE.md)
+
+Note: if you’d like to implement a new feature, please consider creating a feature request issue first to start a discussion about the feature.
+
+## Style Guides
+
+### Git Style Guide
+
+* Keep a clean, concise and meaningful git commit history on your branch, rebasing locally and squashing before submitting a PR
+* Use the [Conventional Commits](https://www.conventionalcommits.org/en/v1.0.0/) format when writing a commit message, so that changelogs can be automatically generated
+* Follow the guidelines of writing a good commit message as described [here](https://chris.beams.io/posts/git-commit/) and summarised in the next few points
+    * In the subject line, use the present tense ("Add feature" not "Added feature")
+    * In the subject line, use the imperative mood ("Move cursor to..." not "Moves cursor to...")
+    * Limit the subject line to 72 characters or less
+    * Reference issues and pull requests liberally after the subject line
+    * Add more detailed description in the body of the git message (`git commit -a` to give you more space and time in your text editor to write a good message instead of `git commit -am`)
+
+### Rust Style Guide
+
+* Rust code should be checked in after `cargo fmt` has been run.
+* The code style broadly complies with the [official Rust Style Guide](https://doc.rust-lang.org/style-guide/index.html).
+* Where feasible, include unit tests.
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-"checksum nom 3.2.1 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)" = "05aec50c70fd288702bcd93284a8444607f3292dbdf2a30de5ea5dcdbe72287b"
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-"checksum peeking_take_while 0.1.2 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)" = "19b17cddbe7ec3f8bc800887bab5e717348c95ea2ca0b1bf0837fb964dc67099"
-"checksum percent-encoding 1.0.1 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)" = "31010dd2e1ac33d5b46a5b413495239882813e0369f8ed8a5e266f173602f831"
-"checksum quasi 0.32.0 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)" = "18c45c4854d6d1cf5d531db97c75880feb91c958b0720f4ec1057135fec358b3"
-"checksum quasi_codegen 0.32.0 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)" = "51b9e25fa23c044c1803f43ca59c98dac608976dd04ce799411edd58ece776d4"
-"checksum rand 0.3.18 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)" = "6475140dfd8655aeb72e1fd4b7a1cc1c202be65d71669476e392fe62532b9edd"
-"checksum redox_syscall 0.1.31 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)" = "8dde11f18c108289bef24469638a04dce49da56084f2d50618b226e47eb04509"
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-"checksum regex 0.2.2 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)" = "1731164734096285ec2a5ec7fea5248ae2f5485b3feeb0115af4fda2183b2d1b"
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-"checksum relay 0.1.0 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)" = "f301bafeb60867c85170031bdb2fcf24c8041f33aee09e7b116a58d4e9f781c5"
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-"checksum syntex_syntax 0.58.1 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)" = "6e0e4dbae163dd98989464c23dd503161b338790640e11537686f2ef0f25c791"
-"checksum take 0.1.0 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)" = "b157868d8ac1f56b64604539990685fa7611d8fa9e5476cf0c02cf34d32917c5"
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-"checksum textwrap 0.9.0 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)" = "c0b59b6b4b44d867f1370ef1bd91bfb262bf07bf0ae65c202ea2fbc16153b693"
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-"checksum time 0.1.38 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)" = "d5d788d3aa77bc0ef3e9621256885555368b47bd495c13dd2e7413c89f845520"
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-"checksum tokio-proto 0.1.1 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)" = "8fbb47ae81353c63c487030659494b295f6cb6576242f907f203473b191b0389"
-"checksum tokio-service 0.1.0 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)" = "24da22d077e0f15f55162bdbdc661228c1581892f52074fb242678d015b45162"
-"checksum unicase 2.1.0 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)" = "284b6d3db520d67fbe88fd778c21510d1b0ba4a551e5d0fbb023d33405f6de8a"
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-"checksum unreachable 1.0.0 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)" = "382810877fe448991dfc7f0dd6e3ae5d58088fd0ea5e35189655f84e6814fa56"
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+ "libc",
+]
diff --git a/Cargo.toml b/Cargo.toml
index 1124e3a..1ee7bb6 100644
--- a/Cargo.toml
+++ b/Cargo.toml
@@ -1,4 +1,25 @@
 [workspace]
 members = [
-    "ngx-binding"
+    "nginx-sys",
+    "examples",
 ]
+
+[package]
+name = "ngx"
+version = "0.3.0-beta"
+edition = "2021"
+autoexamples = false
+license = "Apache-2.0"
+
+# See more keys and their definitions at https://doc.rust-lang.org/cargo/reference/manifest.html
+
+[dependencies]
+nginx-sys = { path = "nginx-sys"}
+
+[build-dependencies]
+bindgen = "0.64.0"
+which = "4.4.0"
+duct = "0.13.6"
+ureq = { version = "2.6.2", features = ["tls"] }
+flate2 = "1.0.25"
+tar = "0.4.38"
diff --git a/Containerfile.debian b/Containerfile.debian
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..7d8bca4
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Containerfile.debian
@@ -0,0 +1,16 @@
+FROM rust:slim-bullseye
+
+RUN set -eux \
+    export DEBIAN_FRONTEND=noninteractive; \
+    apt-get -qq update; \
+    apt-get -qq install --yes --no-install-recommends --no-install-suggests \
+        libclang-dev \
+        libssl-dev \
+        pkg-config \
+        git \
+        grep \
+        gawk \
+        gnupg2 \
+        sed \
+        make; \
+    git config --global --add safe.directory /project
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/Dockerfile b/Dockerfile
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..dad9bfe
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Dockerfile
@@ -0,0 +1,47 @@
+ARG NGX_VERSION=1.23.3
+ARG NGX_DEBUG=false
+
+# --- builder: build all examples
+FROM rust:slim-bullseye as build
+ARG NGX_VERSION
+ARG NGX_DEBUG
+WORKDIR /project
+RUN --mount=type=cache,target=/var/cache/apt <<EOF
+    set -eux
+    export DEBIAN_FRONTEND=noninteractive
+    apt-get -qq update
+    apt-get -qq install --yes --no-install-recommends --no-install-suggests \
+        libclang-dev \
+        libssl-dev \
+        pkg-config \
+        git \
+        grep \
+        gawk \
+        gnupg2 \
+        sed \
+        make
+    git config --global --add safe.directory /project
+EOF
+
+COPY . .
+
+RUN --mount=type=cache,id=cargo,target=/usr/local/cargo/registry \
+    cargo fetch --locked
+
+RUN --mount=type=cache,id=target,target=target \
+    --mount=type=cache,id=cache,target=.cache \
+    --mount=type=cache,id=cargo,target=/usr/local/cargo/registry \
+    mkdir -p /out && \
+    cargo build --release --package examples --examples && \
+    mv /project/target/release/examples/*.so /out
+
+# --- copy dynamic modules into official nginx image from builderclear
+FROM nginx:${NGX_VERSION}
+ARG NGX_VERSION
+
+RUN mkdir -p /etc/nginx/examples
+
+COPY --from=build /out/*.so /etc/nginx/modules/
+COPY --from=build /project/examples/*.conf /etc/nginx/examples
+
+EXPOSE 8000
diff --git a/GNUmakefile b/GNUmakefile
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..3089bdd
--- /dev/null
+++ b/GNUmakefile
@@ -0,0 +1,92 @@
+.DEFAULT_GOAL     := help
+MAKE_MAJOR_VER    := $(shell echo $(MAKE_VERSION) | cut -d'.' -f1)
+
+ifneq ($(shell test $(MAKE_MAJOR_VER) -gt 3; echo $$?),0)
+$(error Make version $(MAKE_VERSION) is not supported, please install GNU Make 4.x)
+endif
+
+CACHE_DIR          ?= $(abspath $(CURDIR)/.cache)
+GREP               ?= $(shell command -v ggrep 2> /dev/null || command -v grep 2> /dev/null)
+SED                ?= $(shell command -v gsed 2> /dev/null || command -v sed 2> /dev/null)
+AWK                ?= $(shell command -v gawk 2> /dev/null || command -v awk 2> /dev/null)
+VERSION            ?= $(shell $(GREP) -Po '^version\s+=\s+"\K.*?(?=")' $(CURDIR)/Cargo.toml)
+CARGO              ?= cargo
+DOCKER             ?= docker
+DOCKER_BUILD_FLAGS ?= --load
+COMMITSAR_DOCKER   := $(DOCKER) run --tty --rm --workdir /src -v "$(CURDIR):/src" aevea/commitsar
+COMMITSAR		   ?= $(shell command -v commitsar 2> /dev/null)
+PROJECT_NAME       ?= ngx-rust
+GITHUB_REPOSITORY  ?= nginxinc/$(PROJECT_NAME)
+SRC_REPO           := https://github.com/$(GITHUB_REPOSITORY)
+
+RELEASE_BUILD_FLAGS ?= --quiet --release
+
+Q = $(if $(filter 1,$V),,@)
+M = $(shell printf "\033[34;1m▶\033[0m")
+
+UNAME_S := $(shell uname -s)
+ifeq ($(UNAME_S),Linux)
+	FEATURES += --features=linux
+endif
+
+# Use docker based commitsar if it isn't in the path
+ifeq ($(COMMITSAR),)
+	COMMITSAR = $(COMMITSAR_DOCKER)
+endif
+
+.PHONY: help
+help:
+	@$(GREP) --no-filename -E '^[ a-zA-Z_-]+:.*?## .*$$' $(MAKEFILE_LIST) | \
+		$(AWK) 'BEGIN {FS = ":.*?## "}; {printf "\033[36m%-28s\033[0m %s\n", $$1, $$2}' | sort
+
+.PHONY: clean
+clean: clean-cache; $(info $(M) cleaning...)	@ ## Cleanup everything
+	$Q rm -rf $(CURDIR)/target
+	$Q $(CARGO) clean
+
+.PHONY: clean-cache
+clean-cache: ## Remove all cached dependencies and build artifacts
+	$(Q) rm -rf $(CACHE_DIR)
+
+.PHONY: commitsar
+commitsar: ## Run git commit linter
+	$Q $(info $(M) running commitsar...)
+	$(COMMITSAR)
+
+target:
+	$Q mkdir -p $@
+
+.PHONY: debug
+debug: target/debug ## Build current platform target in debug mode
+
+target/debug:
+	$Q echo "$(M) building in debug mode for the current platform"
+	$Q $(CARGO) build --quiet
+
+.PHONY: release
+release: target/release ## Build current platform target in release mode
+
+target/release:
+	$Q echo "$(M) building in release mode for the current platform"
+	$Q $(CARGO) build $(RELEASE_BUILD_FLAGS)
+
+.PHONY: test
+test: ## Run tests
+	$Q $(CARGO) test
+
+.PHONY: format
+format: ## Run rustfmt
+	$Q $(CARGO) fmt
+
+.PHONY: lint
+lint: ## Run clippy
+	$Q $(CARGO) clippy
+
+.PHONY: examples-debug
+examples-debug:
+	$Q echo "$(M) building all examples as debug"
+	$Q $(CARGO) build --quiet --package=examples --examples $(FEATURES)
+
+include $(CURDIR)/build/container.mk
+include $(CURDIR)/build/release.mk
+include $(CURDIR)/build/github.mk
diff --git a/Makefile b/Makefile
deleted file mode 100644
index 47f489a..0000000
--- a/Makefile
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,3 +0,0 @@
-clean:
-	cargo clean
-	make -C ngx-binding clean
diff --git a/README.md b/README.md
index 58e8628..4c6c6f8 100644
--- a/README.md
+++ b/README.md
@@ -1,42 +1,147 @@
-# Rust for NGINX
+[![Rust](https://github.com/nginxinc/ngx-rust/actions/workflows/ci.yaml/badge.svg)](https://github.com/nginxinc/ngx-rust/actions/workflows/ci.yaml)
 
-Rust bindings and wrappers for NGINX.  Can be used for building dynamic modules and hacking NGINX using rust.
+## Project status
+This project is still a work in progress and not production ready.
 
-## Production Status
+# Description
 
-This version is proof of concept.  It has enough binding for building modules for [nginmesh](https://github.com/nginxinc/nginmesh).  
+This project provides Rust SDK interfaces to the [NGINX](https://nginx.com) proxy allowing the creation of NGINX
+dynamic modules completely in Rust.
 
-You still need to write C stub code to build the complete module.  Please wait for next version which will remove this restriction.
+In short, this SDK allows writing NGINX modules using the Rust language.
 
-## Getting Started
+## Build
 
-Add the following dependency to your Cargo manifest...
+NGINX modules can be build against a particular version of NGINX. The following environment variables can be used to
+specify particular version of NGINX or an NGINX dependency:
 
-```toml
-[dependencies]
-ngx_rust = "0.1.1"
+* `ZLIB_VERSION` (default 1.2.13) -
+* `PCRE2_VERSION` (default 10.42)
+* `OPENSSL_VERSION` (default 3.0.7)
+* `NGX_VERSION` (default 1.23.3) - NGINX OSS version
+* `NGX_DEBUG` (default to false)-  if set to true, then will compile NGINX `--with-debug` option
+
+For example, this is how you would compile the [examples](examples) using a specific version of NGINX and enabling
+debugging:
+```
+NGX_DEBUG=true NGX_VERSION=1.23.0 cargo build --package=examples --examples --release
+```
+
+To build Linux-only modules, use the "linux" feature:
+```
+cargo build --package=examples --examples --features=linux --release
 ```
 
-Next, add this to your crate:
+After compilation, the modules can be found in the path `target/release/examples/` ( with the `.so` file extension for
+Linux or `.dylib` for MacOS).
+
+Additionally, the folder  `.cache/nginx/{NGX_VERSION}/{OS}/` will contain the compiled version of NGINX used to build
+the SDK. You can start NGINX directly from this directory if you want to test the module.
+
+### Mac OS dependencies
+
+In order to use the optional GNU make build process on MacOS, you will need to install additional tools. This can be
+done via [homebrew](https://brew.sh/) with the following command:
+```
+brew install make openssl grep
+```
+
+Additionally, you may need to set up LLVM and clang. Typically, this is done as follows:
+
+```
+# make sure xcode tools are installed
+xcode-select --install
+# instal llvm
+brew install --with-toolchain llvm
+```
+
+### Linux dependencies
+
+See the [Dockerfile](Dockerfile) for dependencies as an example of required packages on Debian Linux.
+
+### Build example
+
+Example modules are available in [examples](examples) folder. You can use `cargo build --package=examples --examples` to build these examples. After building, you can find the `.so` or `.dylib` in the `target/debug` folder. Add `--features=linux` to build linux specific modules. **NOTE**: adding the "linux" feature on MacOS will cause a build failure.
+
+For example (all examples plus linux specific):
+`cargo build --packages=examples --examples --features=linux`
+
+### Docker
+
+We provide a multistage [Dockerfile](Dockerfile):
+
+    # build all dynamic modules examples and specify NGINX version to use
+    docker buildx build --build-arg NGX_VERSION=1.23.3 -t ngx-rust .
+
+    # start NGINX using [curl](examples/curl.conf) module example:
+    docker run --rm -d  -p 8000:8000 ngx-rust nginx -c examples/curl.conf
+
+    # test it - you should see 403 Forbidden
+    curl http://127.0.0.1:8000 -v -H "user-agent: curl"
+
+
+    # test it - you should see 404 Not Found
+    curl http://127.0.0.1:8000 -v -H "user-agent: foo"
+
+## Usage
+
+A complete module example using the SDK can be found [here](examples/curl.rs). You can build it with
+`cargo build --package=examples --example=curl` then set up NGINX to use it:
+
+For example:
+```nginx
+daemon off;
+master_process off;
+
+# unix:
+# load_module modules/libcurl.so;
+
+# error_log logs/error.log debug;
+error_log /dev/stdout debug;
+
+working_directory /tmp/cores/;
+worker_rlimit_core 500M;
+
+events {
+}
+
+http {
+    access_log /dev/stdout;
+    server {
+        listen 8000;
+        server_name localhost;
+        location / {
+            alias /srv/http;
+            # ... Other config stuff ...
 
-```rust
-extern crate ngx_rust;
+            curl on;
+        }
+    }
+}
 ```
 
-## Building module Example
+## Support
+This SDK is currently unstable. Right now, our primary goal is collect feedback and stabilize it be before
+offering support. Feel free [contributing](CONTRIBUTING.md) by creating issues, PRs, or github discussions.
 
-Please see [istio mixer module](https://github.com/nginxinc/ngx-istio-mixer) for full example.
-Currently, it requires much machinery to build the module. 
+Currently, the only supported platforms are:
+* Darwin (Mac OSX)
+* Linux platform
 
 ## Roadmap
+If you have ideas for releases in the future, please suggest them in the github discussions.
 
-Please see [roadmap](https://github.com/nginxinc/ngx-rust/wiki) for future plans.  
+## Contributing
 
+We welcome pull requests and issues!
 
+Please refer to the [Contributing Guidelines](CONTRIBUTING.md) when doing a PR.
 
-## Limitation
+## Authors and acknowledgment
+This project uses some great work from [dcoles/nginx-rs](https://github.com/dcoles/nginx-rs),
+[arvancloud/nginx-rs](https://github.com/arvancloud/nginx-rs).
 
-Only supports these platforms:
-- Darwin (Mac OSX)
-- Linux platform
+## License
 
+All code in this repository is licensed under the
+[Apache License v2 license](LICENSE.txt).
diff --git a/SECURITY.md b/SECURITY.md
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..dd2be6b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/SECURITY.md
@@ -0,0 +1,22 @@
+# Security Policy
+
+## General Guidance
+
+We advise users to run the most recent release of the NGINX Rust Module SDK, and we issue software updates to the 
+most recent release.
+
+## Support
+
+The NGINX Rust Module SDK is not officially supported.
+
+## Reporting a Vulnerability
+
+The F5 Security Incident Response Team (F5 SIRT) has an email alias that makes it easy to report potential security 
+vulnerabilities.
+
+- If you’re an F5 customer with an active support contract, please contact 
+  [F5 Technical Support](https://www.f5.com/services/support).
+- If you aren’t an F5 customer, please report any potential or current instances of security vulnerabilities with any
+  F5 product to the F5 Security Incident Response Team at F5SIRT@f5.com
+
+For more information visit https://www.f5.com/services/support/report-a-vulnerability
diff --git a/WORKSPACE b/WORKSPACE
deleted file mode 100644
index e69de29..0000000
diff --git a/build/changelog.sh b/build/changelog.sh
new file mode 100755
index 0000000..7b81650
--- /dev/null
+++ b/build/changelog.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,52 @@
+#!/usr/bin/env bash
+
+# This script generates a changelog for the current version of the project.
+
+set -o errexit  # abort on nonzero exit status
+set -o nounset  # abort on unbound variable
+set -o pipefail # don't hide errors within pipes
+
+SCRIPT_DIR="$(cd "$(dirname "${BASH_SOURCE[0]}")" >/dev/null 2>&1 && pwd)"
+EXCLUDED_COMMIT_TYPES="ci|chore"
+
+pushd . > /dev/null
+cd "${SCRIPT_DIR}/.."
+
+if command -v ggrep > /dev/null; then
+  GREP=ggrep
+else
+  GREP=grep
+fi
+if command -v gsed > /dev/null; then
+  SED=gsed
+else
+  SED=sed
+fi
+
+# if gh is installed, use it to pull the last version number
+if command -v gh > /dev/null; then
+  LAST_RELEASE="$(gh release list --exclude-drafts --exclude-pre-releases --limit 1 | ${GREP} -E 'v[0-9]+\.[0-9]+\.[0-9]+' | cut -f1 | ${GREP} -v "${VERSION}" || true)"
+else
+  LAST_RELEASE="$(git tag --list v* | ${GREP} -E '^v[0-9]+\.[0-9]+\.[0-9]+$' | sort --version-sort --field-separator=. --reverse | ${GREP} -v "${VERSION}" | head -n1 || true)"
+fi
+
+if [ -z "${LAST_RELEASE}" ]; then
+  echo "## Initial release ${VERSION}"
+  git log --format="%s	(%h)" | \
+    ${GREP} -E -v "^(${EXCLUDED_COMMIT_TYPES}): .*" | \
+    ${SED} 's/: /:\t/g1' | \
+    column -s "	" -t | \
+    ${SED} -e 's/^/ * /'
+else
+  LAST_RELEASE_HASH="$(git show --format=%H "${LAST_RELEASE}" | head -n1 | ${SED} -e 's/^tag //')"
+
+  echo "## Changes between ${LAST_RELEASE} [$LAST_RELEASE_HASH] and ${VERSION}:"
+  git log --format="%s	(%h)" "${LAST_RELEASE_HASH}..HEAD" | \
+    ${GREP} -E -v "^(${EXCLUDED_COMMIT_TYPES}): .*" | \
+    ${SED} 's/: /:\t/g1' | \
+    column -s "	" -t | \
+    ${SED} -e 's/^/ * /'
+fi
+
+echo ""
+popd > /dev/null
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/build/container.mk b/build/container.mk
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..2fecdcd
--- /dev/null
+++ b/build/container.mk
@@ -0,0 +1,28 @@
+.PHONY: container-debian-build-image
+.ONESHELL: container-debian-build-image
+container-debian-build-image:
+container-debian-build-image: ## Builds a container image for building on Debian Linux
+	$Q echo "$(M) building debian linux docker build image: $(@)"
+	$(DOCKER) buildx build $(DOCKER_BUILD_FLAGS) -t debian-ngx-rust-builder -f Containerfile.debian $(CURDIR);
+
+.PHONY: container-test
+container-test: container-debian-build-image ## Run tests inside container
+	$Q  mkdir -p .cache/cargo nginx-sys/.nginx
+	$(DOCKER) run --rm --volume "$(CURDIR):/project" --workdir /project --env 'CARGO_HOME=/project/.cache/cargo' debian-ngx-rust-builder make test
+	# Reset permissions on the target directory to the current user
+	if command -v id > /dev/null; then \
+		$(DOCKER) run --rm --volume "$(CURDIR):/project" --workdir /project debian-ngx-rust-builder chown --silent --recursive "$(shell id -u):$(shell id -g)" /project/target /project/.cache /project/nginx-sys/.nginx
+	fi
+
+.PHONY: container-shell
+container-shell: container-debian-build-image ## Start a shell inside container
+	$Q  mkdir -p .cache/cargo nginx-sys/.nginx
+	$(DOCKER) run -it --rm --volume "$(CURDIR):/project" --workdir /project --env 'CARGO_HOME=/project/.cache/cargo' debian-ngx-rust-builder bash
+	# Reset permissions on the target directory to the current user
+	if command -v id > /dev/null; then \
+		$(DOCKER) run --rm --volume "$(CURDIR):/project" --workdir /project debian-ngx-rust-builder chown --silent --recursive "$(shell id -u):$(shell id -g)" /project/target /project/.cache /project/nginx-sys/.nginx
+	fi
+
+.PHONY: build-docker
+build-docker: ## build docker image with all example modules
+	$(DOCKER) buildx build $(DOCKER_BUILD_FLAGS) -t $(PROJECT_NAME) .
diff --git a/build/github.mk b/build/github.mk
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..5d61f4e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/build/github.mk
@@ -0,0 +1,17 @@
+.PHONY: gh-make-release
+.ONESHELL: gh-make-release
+gh-make-release:
+ifndef CI
+	$(error must be running in CI)
+endif
+ifneq ($(shell git rev-parse --abbrev-ref HEAD),release-v$(VERSION))
+	$(error must be running on release-v$(VERSION) branch)
+endif
+	$(info $(M) updating files with release version [$(GIT_BRANCH)]) @
+	git commit -m "ci: update files to version $(VERSION)" Cargo.toml nginx-sys/Cargo.toml
+	git push origin "release-v$(VERSION)"
+	git tag -a "v$(VERSION)" -m "ci: tagging v$(VERSION)"
+	git push origin --tags
+	gh release create "v$(VERSION)" \
+		--title "v$(VERSION)" \
+		--notes-file $(CURDIR)/target/dist/release_notes.md
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/build/release.mk b/build/release.mk
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..4790a56
--- /dev/null
+++ b/build/release.mk
@@ -0,0 +1,48 @@
+target/dist:
+	$Q mkdir -p target/dist
+
+.PHONY: changelog
+.ONESHELL: changelog
+changelog: ## Outputs the changes since the last version committed
+	$Q VERSION="$(VERSION)" $(CURDIR)/build/changelog.sh
+
+.ONESHELL: target/dist/release_notes.md
+target/dist/release_notes.md: target/dist
+	$(info $(M) building release notes) @
+	$Q echo "# Release Notes" > target/dist/release_notes.md
+	VERSION="$(VERSION)" $(CURDIR)/build/changelog.sh >> target/dist/release_notes.md
+
+.PHONY: release-notes
+release-notes: target/dist/release_notes.md ## Build release notes
+
+.PHONY: version
+version: ## Outputs the current version
+	$Q echo "Version: $(VERSION)"
+
+.PHONY: version-update
+.ONESHELL: version-update
+version-update: ## Prompts for a new version
+	$(info $(M) updating repository to new version) @
+	$Q echo "  last committed version: $(LAST_VERSION)"
+	$Q echo "  Cargo.toml file version : $(VERSION)"
+	read -p "  Enter new version in the format (MAJOR.MINOR.PATCH): " version
+	$Q echo "$$version" | $(GREP) -qE '^[0-9]+\.[0-9]+\.[0-9]+-?.*$$' || \
+		(echo "invalid version identifier: $$version" && exit 1) && \
+	$(SED) -i "s/^version\s*=.*$$/version = \"$$version\"/" $(CURDIR)/Cargo.toml
+	$(SED) -i "s/^version\s*=.*$$/version = \"$$version\"/" $(CURDIR)/nginx-sys/Cargo.toml
+	@ VERSION=$(shell $(GREP) -Po '^version\s+=\s+"\K.*?(?=")' $(CURDIR)/Cargo.toml)
+
+.PHONY: version-release
+.ONESHELL: version-release
+version-release: ## Change from a pre-release to full release version
+	$Q echo "$(VERSION)" | $(GREP) -qE '^[0-9]+\.[0-9]+\.[0-9]+-beta$$' || \
+		(echo "invalid version identifier - must contain suffix -beta: $(VERSION)" && exit 1)
+	export NEW_VERSION="$(shell echo $(VERSION) | $(SED) -e 's/-beta$$//')"
+	$(SED) -i "s/^version\s*=.*$$/version = \"$$version\"/" $(CURDIR)/Cargo.toml
+	$(SED) -i "s/^version\s*=.*$$/version = \"$$version\"/" $(CURDIR)/nginx-sys/Cargo.toml
+	@ VERSION=$(shell $(GREP) -Po '^version\s+=\s+"\K.*?(?=")' $(CURDIR)/Cargo.toml)
+
+.PHONY: cargo-release
+cargo-release: ## Releases a new version to crates.io
+	$(info $(M) releasing version $(VERSION) to crates.io) @
+	$Q $(CARGO) publish
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/examples/Cargo.toml b/examples/Cargo.toml
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..7759359
--- /dev/null
+++ b/examples/Cargo.toml
@@ -0,0 +1,34 @@
+[package]
+name = "examples"
+version = "0.0.0"
+publish = false
+edition = "2021"
+license = "Apache-2.0"
+
+[dev-dependencies]
+ngx = { path = "../" }
+aws-sign-v4 = "0.2.0"
+chrono = "0.4.23"
+http = "0.2.9"
+libc = "0.2.140"
+
+[[example]]
+name = "curl"
+path = "curl.rs"
+crate-type = ["cdylib"]
+
+[[example]]
+name = "awssig"
+path = "awssig.rs"
+crate-type = ["cdylib"]
+
+
+
+[[example]]
+name = "httporigdst"
+path = "httporigdst.rs"
+crate-type = ["cdylib"]
+required-features = ["linux"]
+
+[features]
+linux = []
diff --git a/examples/README.md b/examples/README.md
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..a4d7a0f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/examples/README.md
@@ -0,0 +1,101 @@
+# Examples
+
+## NGINX Destination IP recovery module for HTTP
+
+This dynamic module recovers original IP address and port number of the destination packet. It is useful, for example, with container sidecars where all outgoing traffic is redirected to a separate container with iptables before reaching the target.
+
+This module can only be built with the "linux" feature enabled, and will only successfully build on a Linux OS.
+
+### Dependencies
+
+This modules uses the Rust crate libc and Linux **getsockopt** socket API.
+
+### Example Configuration
+#### HTTP
+
+```nginx configuration
+load_module "modules/libhttporigdst.so";
+
+http {
+    server {
+        # use iptables to capture all outgoing traffic and REDIRECT
+        # to listening port 15501
+        listen 15501;
+
+        # binding variables provided by module will lazily activate it
+        # and store a context
+        # variables can be used in config
+        location / {
+            # Return if no backend is available or proxy_pass
+            # return 200 "recv'd: $server_addr:$server_port\n\nproxy_pass http://$server_orig_addr:$server_orig_port\n";
+            proxy_pass http://$server_orig_addr:$server_orig_port;
+        }
+    }
+}
+```
+
+### Embedded Variables
+
+The following embedded variables are provided:
+
+* **server_orig_addr**
+  * Original IP address
+* **server_orig_port**
+  * Original port
+
+### Usage
+
+1. Clone the git repository.
+  ```
+  https://github.com/nginxinc/ngx-rust
+  ```
+
+2. Compile the module from the cloned repo.
+  ```
+  cd ${CLONED_DIRECTORY}/ngx-rust
+  cargo build --package=examples --example=httporigdst --features=linux
+  ```
+
+3. Copy the shared object to the modules directory, /etc/nginx/modules.
+  ```
+  cp ./target/debug/examples/libhttporigdst.so /etc/nginx/modules
+  ```
+
+4. Add the `load_module` directive to your configuration.
+  ```
+  load_module "modules/libhttporigdst.so";
+  ```
+
+5. Reload NGINX.
+  ```
+  nginx -t && nginx -s reload
+  ```
+
+6. Redirect traffic outbound.
+  ```
+  iptables -t nat -N NGINX_REDIRECT && \
+  iptables -t nat -A NGINX_REDIRECT -p tcp -j REDIRECT --to-port 15501 --dport 15001 && \
+  iptables -t nat -N NGINX_OUTPUT && \
+  iptables -t nat -A OUTPUT -p tcp -j NGINX_OUTPUT && \
+  iptables -t nat -A NGINX_OUTPUT -j NGINX_REDIRECT
+  ```
+
+7. Redirect traffic inbound.
+  ```
+  iptables -t nat -N NGINX_IN_REDIRECT && \
+  iptables -t nat -A NGINX_IN_REDIRECT -p tcp -j REDIRECT --to-port 15501 --dport 15001 && \
+  iptables -t nat -N NGINX_INBOUND && \
+  iptables -t nat -A PREROUTING -p tcp -j NGINX_INBOUND && \
+  iptables -t nat -A NGINX_INBOUND -p tcp -j NGINX_IN_REDIRECT
+  ```
+
+8. Test with `curl` (this step assumes you've uncommented the return directive).
+  ```
+  curl --output - ${LISTEN_IP}:15001
+  recv'd: ${LISTEN_IP}:15501
+
+  proxy_pass http://${LISTEN_IP}:15001
+  ```
+### Caveats
+
+This module only supports IPv4.
diff --git a/examples/awssig.conf b/examples/awssig.conf
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..5ff331e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/examples/awssig.conf
@@ -0,0 +1,50 @@
+daemon off;
+master_process off;
+# worker_processes  1;
+
+# on linix load a module:
+load_module modules/libawssig.so;
+
+# error_log /dev/stdout debug;
+error_log error.log debug;
+
+# working_directory /tmp/cores/;
+# worker_rlimit_core 500M;
+
+events { }
+
+http {
+    server {
+        listen *:8000;
+        server_name localhost;
+
+        awssigv4_access_key my-access-key;
+        awssigv4_secret_key my-secret-key;
+        awssigv4_s3_bucket my-bucket;
+
+        location / {
+            awssigv4 on;
+            proxy_pass http://localhost:8777;
+            ## (on | off ) to enable aws sig v4
+            location /some {
+                awssigv4 off;
+            }
+            ## awssigv4_s3_endpoint if not set then 's3.amazonaws.com'
+            # awssigv4_s3_endpoint s3.amazonaws.com;
+        }
+
+        error_page   500 502 503 504  /50x.html;
+        location = /50x.html {
+            root   html;
+        }
+    }
+    server {
+        listen 8777;
+        server_name localhost;
+        location / {
+            add_header x-authorization $http_authorization;
+            add_header x-Amz-Date $http_x_amz_date;
+            return 204;
+        }
+    }
+}
diff --git a/examples/awssig.rs b/examples/awssig.rs
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..e5aa70d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/examples/awssig.rs
@@ -0,0 +1,345 @@
+use http::HeaderMap;
+use ngx::ffi::{
+    nginx_version, ngx_array_push, ngx_command_t, ngx_conf_t, ngx_http_core_module, ngx_http_handler_pt,
+    ngx_http_module_t, ngx_http_phases_NGX_HTTP_PRECONTENT_PHASE, ngx_http_request_t, ngx_int_t, ngx_module_t,
+    ngx_str_t, ngx_uint_t, NGX_CONF_TAKE1, NGX_HTTP_LOC_CONF, NGX_HTTP_MODULE, NGX_HTTP_SRV_CONF,
+    NGX_RS_HTTP_LOC_CONF_OFFSET, NGX_RS_MODULE_SIGNATURE,
+};
+use ngx::{core, core::Status, http::*};
+use ngx::{http_request_handler, ngx_log_debug_http, ngx_modules, ngx_null_command, ngx_string};
+use std::os::raw::{c_char, c_void};
+
+struct Module;
+
+impl HTTPModule for Module {
+    type MainConf = ();
+    type SrvConf = ();
+    type LocConf = ModuleConfig;
+
+    unsafe extern "C" fn postconfiguration(cf: *mut ngx_conf_t) -> ngx_int_t {
+        let cmcf = ngx_http_conf_get_module_main_conf(cf, &ngx_http_core_module);
+
+        let h = ngx_array_push(&mut (*cmcf).phases[ngx_http_phases_NGX_HTTP_PRECONTENT_PHASE as usize].handlers)
+            as *mut ngx_http_handler_pt;
+        if h.is_null() {
+            return core::Status::NGX_ERROR.into();
+        }
+        // set an phase handler
+        *h = Some(awssigv4_header_handler);
+        core::Status::NGX_OK.into()
+    }
+}
+
+#[derive(Debug, Default)]
+struct ModuleConfig {
+    enable: bool,
+    access_key: String,
+    secret_key: String,
+    s3_bucket: String,
+    s3_endpoint: String,
+}
+
+#[no_mangle]
+static mut ngx_http_awssigv4_commands: [ngx_command_t; 6] = [
+    ngx_command_t {
+        name: ngx_string!("awssigv4"),
+        type_: (NGX_HTTP_LOC_CONF | NGX_HTTP_SRV_CONF | NGX_CONF_TAKE1) as ngx_uint_t,
+        set: Some(ngx_http_awssigv4_commands_set_enable),
+        conf: NGX_RS_HTTP_LOC_CONF_OFFSET,
+        offset: 0,
+        post: std::ptr::null_mut(),
+    },
+    ngx_command_t {
+        name: ngx_string!("awssigv4_access_key"),
+        type_: (NGX_HTTP_LOC_CONF | NGX_HTTP_SRV_CONF | NGX_CONF_TAKE1) as ngx_uint_t,
+        set: Some(ngx_http_awssigv4_commands_set_access_key),
+        conf: NGX_RS_HTTP_LOC_CONF_OFFSET,
+        offset: 0,
+        post: std::ptr::null_mut(),
+    },
+    ngx_command_t {
+        name: ngx_string!("awssigv4_secret_key"),
+        type_: (NGX_HTTP_LOC_CONF | NGX_HTTP_SRV_CONF | NGX_CONF_TAKE1) as ngx_uint_t,
+        set: Some(ngx_http_awssigv4_commands_set_secret_key),
+        conf: NGX_RS_HTTP_LOC_CONF_OFFSET,
+        offset: 0,
+        post: std::ptr::null_mut(),
+    },
+    ngx_command_t {
+        name: ngx_string!("awssigv4_s3_bucket"),
+        type_: (NGX_HTTP_LOC_CONF | NGX_HTTP_SRV_CONF | NGX_CONF_TAKE1) as ngx_uint_t,
+        set: Some(ngx_http_awssigv4_commands_set_s3_bucket),
+        conf: NGX_RS_HTTP_LOC_CONF_OFFSET,
+        offset: 0,
+        post: std::ptr::null_mut(),
+    },
+    ngx_command_t {
+        name: ngx_string!("awssigv4_s3_endpoint"),
+        type_: (NGX_HTTP_LOC_CONF | NGX_HTTP_SRV_CONF | NGX_CONF_TAKE1) as ngx_uint_t,
+        set: Some(ngx_http_awssigv4_commands_set_s3_endpoint),
+        conf: NGX_RS_HTTP_LOC_CONF_OFFSET,
+        offset: 0,
+        post: std::ptr::null_mut(),
+    },
+    ngx_null_command!(),
+];
+
+#[no_mangle]
+static ngx_http_awssigv4_module_ctx: ngx_http_module_t = ngx_http_module_t {
+    preconfiguration: Some(Module::preconfiguration),
+    postconfiguration: Some(Module::postconfiguration),
+    create_main_conf: Some(Module::create_main_conf),
+    init_main_conf: Some(Module::init_main_conf),
+    create_srv_conf: Some(Module::create_srv_conf),
+    merge_srv_conf: Some(Module::merge_srv_conf),
+    create_loc_conf: Some(Module::create_loc_conf),
+    merge_loc_conf: Some(Module::merge_loc_conf),
+};
+
+ngx_modules!(ngx_http_awssigv4_module);
+
+#[no_mangle]
+pub static mut ngx_http_awssigv4_module: ngx_module_t = ngx_module_t {
+    ctx_index: ngx_uint_t::max_value(),
+    index: ngx_uint_t::max_value(),
+    name: std::ptr::null_mut(),
+    spare0: 0,
+    spare1: 0,
+    version: nginx_version as ngx_uint_t,
+    signature: NGX_RS_MODULE_SIGNATURE.as_ptr() as *const c_char,
+
+    ctx: &ngx_http_awssigv4_module_ctx as *const _ as *mut _,
+    commands: unsafe { &ngx_http_awssigv4_commands[0] as *const _ as *mut _ },
+    type_: NGX_HTTP_MODULE as ngx_uint_t,
+
+    init_master: None,
+    init_module: None,
+    init_process: None,
+    init_thread: None,
+    exit_thread: None,
+    exit_process: None,
+    exit_master: None,
+
+    spare_hook0: 0,
+    spare_hook1: 0,
+    spare_hook2: 0,
+    spare_hook3: 0,
+    spare_hook4: 0,
+    spare_hook5: 0,
+    spare_hook6: 0,
+    spare_hook7: 0,
+};
+
+impl Merge for ModuleConfig {
+    fn merge(&mut self, prev: &ModuleConfig) -> Result<(), MergeConfigError> {
+        if prev.enable {
+            self.enable = true;
+        };
+
+        if self.access_key.is_empty() {
+            self.access_key = String::from(if !prev.access_key.is_empty() {
+                &prev.access_key
+            } else {
+                ""
+            });
+        }
+        if self.enable && self.access_key.is_empty() {
+            return Err(MergeConfigError::NoValue);
+        }
+
+        if self.secret_key.is_empty() {
+            self.secret_key = String::from(if !prev.secret_key.is_empty() {
+                &prev.secret_key
+            } else {
+                ""
+            });
+        }
+        if self.enable && self.secret_key.is_empty() {
+            return Err(MergeConfigError::NoValue);
+        }
+
+        if self.s3_bucket.is_empty() {
+            self.s3_bucket = String::from(if !prev.s3_bucket.is_empty() {
+                &prev.s3_bucket
+            } else {
+                ""
+            });
+        }
+        if self.enable && self.s3_bucket.is_empty() {
+            return Err(MergeConfigError::NoValue);
+        }
+
+        if self.s3_endpoint.is_empty() {
+            self.s3_endpoint = String::from(if !prev.s3_endpoint.is_empty() {
+                &prev.s3_endpoint
+            } else {
+                "s3.amazonaws.com"
+            });
+        }
+        Ok(())
+    }
+}
+
+#[no_mangle]
+extern "C" fn ngx_http_awssigv4_commands_set_enable(
+    cf: *mut ngx_conf_t,
+    _cmd: *mut ngx_command_t,
+    conf: *mut c_void,
+) -> *mut c_char {
+    unsafe {
+        let conf = &mut *(conf as *mut ModuleConfig);
+        let args = (*(*cf).args).elts as *mut ngx_str_t;
+        let val = (*args.add(1)).to_str();
+
+        // set default value optionally
+        conf.enable = false;
+
+        if val.len() == 2 && val.eq_ignore_ascii_case("on") {
+            conf.enable = true;
+        } else if val.len() == 3 && val.eq_ignore_ascii_case("off") {
+            conf.enable = false;
+        }
+    };
+
+    std::ptr::null_mut()
+}
+
+#[no_mangle]
+extern "C" fn ngx_http_awssigv4_commands_set_access_key(
+    cf: *mut ngx_conf_t,
+    _cmd: *mut ngx_command_t,
+    conf: *mut c_void,
+) -> *mut c_char {
+    unsafe {
+        let conf = &mut *(conf as *mut ModuleConfig);
+        let args = (*(*cf).args).elts as *mut ngx_str_t;
+        conf.access_key = (*args.add(1)).to_string();
+    };
+
+    std::ptr::null_mut()
+}
+
+#[no_mangle]
+extern "C" fn ngx_http_awssigv4_commands_set_secret_key(
+    cf: *mut ngx_conf_t,
+    _cmd: *mut ngx_command_t,
+    conf: *mut c_void,
+) -> *mut c_char {
+    unsafe {
+        let conf = &mut *(conf as *mut ModuleConfig);
+        let args = (*(*cf).args).elts as *mut ngx_str_t;
+        conf.secret_key = (*args.add(1)).to_string();
+    };
+
+    std::ptr::null_mut()
+}
+
+#[no_mangle]
+extern "C" fn ngx_http_awssigv4_commands_set_s3_bucket(
+    cf: *mut ngx_conf_t,
+    _cmd: *mut ngx_command_t,
+    conf: *mut c_void,
+) -> *mut c_char {
+    unsafe {
+        let conf = &mut *(conf as *mut ModuleConfig);
+        let args = (*(*cf).args).elts as *mut ngx_str_t;
+        conf.s3_bucket = (*args.add(1)).to_string();
+        if conf.s3_bucket.len() == 1 {
+            println!("Validation failed");
+            return ngx::core::NGX_CONF_ERROR as _;
+        }
+    };
+    std::ptr::null_mut()
+}
+
+#[no_mangle]
+extern "C" fn ngx_http_awssigv4_commands_set_s3_endpoint(
+    cf: *mut ngx_conf_t,
+    _cmd: *mut ngx_command_t,
+    conf: *mut c_void,
+) -> *mut c_char {
+    unsafe {
+        let conf = &mut *(conf as *mut ModuleConfig);
+        let args = (*(*cf).args).elts as *mut ngx_str_t;
+        conf.s3_endpoint = (*args.add(1)).to_string();
+    };
+
+    std::ptr::null_mut()
+}
+
+http_request_handler!(awssigv4_header_handler, |request: &mut Request| {
+    // get Module Config from request
+    let conf = unsafe { request.get_module_loc_conf::<ModuleConfig>(&ngx_http_awssigv4_module) };
+    let conf = conf.unwrap();
+    ngx_log_debug_http!(request, "AWS signature V4 module {}", {
+        if conf.enable {
+            "enabled"
+        } else {
+            "disabled"
+        }
+    });
+    if !conf.enable {
+        return core::Status::NGX_DECLINED;
+    }
+
+    // TODO: build url properly from the original URL from client
+    let method = request.method();
+    if !matches!(method, ngx::http::Method::HEAD | ngx::http::Method::GET) {
+        return HTTPStatus::FORBIDDEN.into();
+    }
+
+    let datetime = chrono::Utc::now();
+    let uri = match request.unparsed_uri().to_str() {
+        Ok(v) => format!("https://{}.{}{}", conf.s3_bucket, conf.s3_endpoint, v),
+        Err(_) => return core::Status::NGX_DECLINED,
+    };
+
+    let datetime_now = datetime.format("%Y%m%dT%H%M%SZ");
+    let datetime_now = datetime_now.to_string();
+
+    let signature = {
+        // NOTE: aws_sign_v4::AwsSign::new() implementation requires a HeaderMap.
+        // Iterate over requests headers_in and copy into HeaderMap
+        // Copy only headers that will be used to sign the request
+        let mut headers = HeaderMap::new();
+        for (name, value) in request.headers_in_iterator() {
+            match name.to_lowercase().as_str() {
+                "host" => {
+                    headers.insert(http::header::HOST, value.parse().unwrap());
+                }
+                &_ => {}
+            };
+        }
+        headers.insert("X-Amz-Date", datetime_now.parse().unwrap());
+        ngx_log_debug_http!(request, "headers {:?}", headers);
+        ngx_log_debug_http!(request, "method {:?}", method);
+        ngx_log_debug_http!(request, "uri {:?}", uri);
+        ngx_log_debug_http!(request, "datetime_now {:?}", datetime_now);
+
+        let s = aws_sign_v4::AwsSign::new(
+            method.as_str(),
+            &uri,
+            &datetime,
+            &headers,
+            "us-east-1",
+            conf.access_key.as_str(),
+            conf.secret_key.as_str(),
+            "s3",
+            "",
+        );
+        s.sign()
+    };
+
+    request.add_header_in("authorization", signature.as_str());
+    request.add_header_in("X-Amz-Date", datetime_now.as_str());
+
+    // done signing, let's print values we have in request.headers_out, request.headers_in
+    for (name, value) in request.headers_out_iterator() {
+        ngx_log_debug_http!(request, "headers_out {}: {}", name, value);
+    }
+    for (name, value) in request.headers_in_iterator() {
+        ngx_log_debug_http!(request, "headers_in  {}: {}", name, value);
+    }
+
+    core::Status::NGX_OK
+});
diff --git a/examples/awssig_curl_combined.conf b/examples/awssig_curl_combined.conf
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..7956e0e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/examples/awssig_curl_combined.conf
@@ -0,0 +1,53 @@
+daemon off;
+master_process off;
+# worker_processes  1;
+
+# on linix load a module:
+load_module modules/libawssig.so;
+load_module modules/libcurl.so;
+
+# error_log /dev/stdout debug;
+error_log error.log debug;
+
+# working_directory /tmp/cores/;
+# worker_rlimit_core 500M;
+
+events { }
+
+http {
+    server {
+        listen *:8000;
+        server_name localhost;
+
+        awssigv4_access_key my-access-key;
+        awssigv4_secret_key my-secret-key;
+        awssigv4_s3_bucket my-bucket;
+
+        location / {
+            awssigv4 on;
+            curl on;
+
+            proxy_pass http://localhost:8777;
+            ## (on | off ) to enable aws sig v4
+            location /some {
+                awssigv4 off;
+            }
+            ## awssigv4_s3_endpoint if not set then 's3.amazonaws.com'
+            # awssigv4_s3_endpoint s3.amazonaws.com;
+        }
+
+        error_page   500 502 503 504  /50x.html;
+        location = /50x.html {
+            root   html;
+        }
+    }
+    server {
+        listen 8777;
+        server_name localhost;
+        location / {
+            add_header x-authorization $http_authorization;
+            add_header x-Amz-Date $http_x_amz_date;
+            return 204;
+        }
+    }
+}
diff --git a/examples/curl.conf b/examples/curl.conf
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..603fc15
--- /dev/null
+++ b/examples/curl.conf
@@ -0,0 +1,31 @@
+daemon off;
+master_process off;
+# worker_processes  1;
+
+# on linux load a module:
+load_module modules/libcurl.so;
+
+# on mac os it would be dylib
+# load_module modules/libcurl.dylib;
+
+# error_log /dev/stdout debug;
+error_log error.log debug;
+
+events { }
+
+http {
+    server {
+        listen *:8000;
+        server_name localhost;
+        location / {
+            root   html;
+            index  index.html index.htm;
+            # libcurl module directive:
+            curl on;
+        }
+        error_page   500 502 503 504  /50x.html;
+        location = /50x.html {
+            root   html;
+        }
+    }
+}
diff --git a/examples/curl.rs b/examples/curl.rs
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..d0bbb43
--- /dev/null
+++ b/examples/curl.rs
@@ -0,0 +1,147 @@
+use ngx::ffi::{
+    nginx_version, ngx_array_push, ngx_command_t, ngx_conf_t, ngx_http_core_module, ngx_http_handler_pt,
+    ngx_http_module_t, ngx_http_phases_NGX_HTTP_ACCESS_PHASE, ngx_http_request_t, ngx_int_t, ngx_module_t, ngx_str_t,
+    ngx_uint_t, NGX_CONF_TAKE1, NGX_HTTP_LOC_CONF, NGX_HTTP_MODULE, NGX_RS_HTTP_LOC_CONF_OFFSET,
+    NGX_RS_MODULE_SIGNATURE,
+};
+use ngx::http::MergeConfigError;
+use ngx::{core, core::Status, http, http::HTTPModule};
+use ngx::{http_request_handler, ngx_log_debug_http, ngx_modules, ngx_null_command, ngx_string};
+use std::os::raw::{c_char, c_void};
+
+struct Module;
+
+impl http::HTTPModule for Module {
+    type MainConf = ();
+    type SrvConf = ();
+    type LocConf = ModuleConfig;
+
+    unsafe extern "C" fn postconfiguration(cf: *mut ngx_conf_t) -> ngx_int_t {
+        let cmcf = http::ngx_http_conf_get_module_main_conf(cf, &ngx_http_core_module);
+
+        let h = ngx_array_push(&mut (*cmcf).phases[ngx_http_phases_NGX_HTTP_ACCESS_PHASE as usize].handlers)
+            as *mut ngx_http_handler_pt;
+        if h.is_null() {
+            return core::Status::NGX_ERROR.into();
+        }
+        // set an Access phase handler
+        *h = Some(curl_access_handler);
+        core::Status::NGX_OK.into()
+    }
+}
+
+#[derive(Debug, Default)]
+struct ModuleConfig {
+    enable: bool,
+}
+
+#[no_mangle]
+static mut ngx_http_curl_commands: [ngx_command_t; 2] = [
+    ngx_command_t {
+        name: ngx_string!("curl"),
+        type_: (NGX_HTTP_LOC_CONF | NGX_CONF_TAKE1) as ngx_uint_t,
+        set: Some(ngx_http_curl_commands_set_enable),
+        conf: NGX_RS_HTTP_LOC_CONF_OFFSET,
+        offset: 0,
+        post: std::ptr::null_mut(),
+    },
+    ngx_null_command!(),
+];
+
+#[no_mangle]
+static ngx_http_curl_module_ctx: ngx_http_module_t = ngx_http_module_t {
+    preconfiguration: Some(Module::preconfiguration),
+    postconfiguration: Some(Module::postconfiguration),
+    create_main_conf: Some(Module::create_main_conf),
+    init_main_conf: Some(Module::init_main_conf),
+    create_srv_conf: Some(Module::create_srv_conf),
+    merge_srv_conf: Some(Module::merge_srv_conf),
+    create_loc_conf: Some(Module::create_loc_conf),
+    merge_loc_conf: Some(Module::merge_loc_conf),
+};
+
+ngx_modules!(ngx_http_curl_module);
+
+#[no_mangle]
+pub static mut ngx_http_curl_module: ngx_module_t = ngx_module_t {
+    ctx_index: ngx_uint_t::max_value(),
+    index: ngx_uint_t::max_value(),
+    name: std::ptr::null_mut(),
+    spare0: 0,
+    spare1: 0,
+    version: nginx_version as ngx_uint_t,
+    signature: NGX_RS_MODULE_SIGNATURE.as_ptr() as *const c_char,
+
+    ctx: &ngx_http_curl_module_ctx as *const _ as *mut _,
+    commands: unsafe { &ngx_http_curl_commands[0] as *const _ as *mut _ },
+    type_: NGX_HTTP_MODULE as ngx_uint_t,
+
+    init_master: None,
+    init_module: None,
+    init_process: None,
+    init_thread: None,
+    exit_thread: None,
+    exit_process: None,
+    exit_master: None,
+
+    spare_hook0: 0,
+    spare_hook1: 0,
+    spare_hook2: 0,
+    spare_hook3: 0,
+    spare_hook4: 0,
+    spare_hook5: 0,
+    spare_hook6: 0,
+    spare_hook7: 0,
+};
+
+impl http::Merge for ModuleConfig {
+    fn merge(&mut self, prev: &ModuleConfig) -> Result<(), MergeConfigError> {
+        if prev.enable {
+            self.enable = true;
+        };
+        Ok(())
+    }
+}
+
+http_request_handler!(curl_access_handler, |request: &mut http::Request| {
+    let co = unsafe { request.get_module_loc_conf::<ModuleConfig>(&ngx_http_curl_module) };
+    let co = co.expect("module config is none");
+
+    ngx_log_debug_http!(request, "curl module enabled: {}", co.enable);
+
+    match co.enable {
+        true => {
+            if request.user_agent().as_bytes().starts_with(b"curl") {
+                http::HTTPStatus::FORBIDDEN.into()
+            } else {
+                core::Status::NGX_DECLINED
+            }
+        }
+        false => core::Status::NGX_DECLINED,
+    }
+});
+
+#[no_mangle]
+extern "C" fn ngx_http_curl_commands_set_enable(
+    cf: *mut ngx_conf_t,
+    _cmd: *mut ngx_command_t,
+    conf: *mut c_void,
+) -> *mut c_char {
+    unsafe {
+        let conf = &mut *(conf as *mut ModuleConfig);
+        let args = (*(*cf).args).elts as *mut ngx_str_t;
+
+        let val = (*args.add(1)).to_str();
+
+        // set default value optionally
+        conf.enable = false;
+
+        if val.len() == 2 && val.eq_ignore_ascii_case("on") {
+            conf.enable = true;
+        } else if val.len() == 3 && val.eq_ignore_ascii_case("off") {
+            conf.enable = false;
+        }
+    };
+
+    std::ptr::null_mut()
+}
diff --git a/examples/httporigdst.conf b/examples/httporigdst.conf
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..6fff8c2
--- /dev/null
+++ b/examples/httporigdst.conf
@@ -0,0 +1,16 @@
+http {
+    server {
+        # use iptables to capture all outgoing traffic and REDIRECT
+        # to listening port 15501
+        listen 15501;
+
+        # binding variables provided by module will lazily activate it
+        # and store a context
+        # variables can be used in config
+        location / {
+            # Return if no backend is available or proxy_pass
+            # return 200 "recv'd: $server_addr:$server_port\n\nproxy_pass http://$server_orig_addr:$server_orig_port\n";
+            proxy_pass http://$server_orig_addr:$server_orig_port;
+        }
+    }
+}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/examples/httporigdst.rs b/examples/httporigdst.rs
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..1e62e27
--- /dev/null
+++ b/examples/httporigdst.rs
@@ -0,0 +1,308 @@
+use ngx::ffi::{
+    in_port_t, nginx_version, ngx_conf_t, ngx_connection_local_sockaddr, ngx_http_add_variable, ngx_http_module_t,
+    ngx_http_request_t, ngx_http_variable_t, ngx_inet_get_port, ngx_int_t, ngx_module_t, ngx_sock_ntop, ngx_str_t,
+    ngx_uint_t, ngx_variable_value_t, sockaddr, sockaddr_storage, INET_ADDRSTRLEN, NGX_HTTP_MODULE,
+    NGX_RS_MODULE_SIGNATURE,
+};
+use ngx::{core, core::Status, http, http::HTTPModule};
+use ngx::{http_variable_get, ngx_http_null_variable, ngx_log_debug_http, ngx_modules, ngx_null_string, ngx_string};
+use std::os::raw::{c_char, c_int, c_void};
+
+const IPV4_STRLEN: usize = INET_ADDRSTRLEN as usize;
+
+#[derive(Debug)]
+struct NgxHttpOrigDstCtx {
+    orig_dst_addr: ngx_str_t,
+    orig_dst_port: ngx_str_t,
+}
+
+impl Default for NgxHttpOrigDstCtx {
+    fn default() -> NgxHttpOrigDstCtx {
+        NgxHttpOrigDstCtx {
+            orig_dst_addr: ngx_null_string!(),
+            orig_dst_port: ngx_null_string!(),
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+impl NgxHttpOrigDstCtx {
+    pub fn save(&mut self, addr: &str, port: in_port_t, pool: &mut core::Pool) -> core::Status {
+        let addr_data = pool.alloc(IPV4_STRLEN);
+        if addr_data.is_null() {
+            return core::Status::NGX_ERROR;
+        }
+        unsafe { libc::memcpy(addr_data, addr.as_ptr() as *const c_void, IPV4_STRLEN) };
+        self.orig_dst_addr.len = IPV4_STRLEN;
+        self.orig_dst_addr.data = addr_data as *mut u8;
+
+        let port_str = port.to_string();
+        let port_data = pool.alloc(port_str.len());
+        if port_data.is_null() {
+            return core::Status::NGX_ERROR;
+        }
+        unsafe { libc::memcpy(port_data, port_str.as_bytes().as_ptr() as *const c_void, port_str.len()) };
+        self.orig_dst_port.len = port_str.len();
+        self.orig_dst_port.data = port_data as *mut u8;
+
+        core::Status::NGX_OK
+    }
+
+    pub unsafe fn bind_addr(&self, v: *mut ngx_variable_value_t) {
+        if self.orig_dst_addr.len == 0 {
+            (*v).set_not_found(1);
+            return;
+        }
+
+        (*v).set_valid(1);
+        (*v).set_no_cacheable(0);
+        (*v).set_not_found(0);
+        (*v).set_len(self.orig_dst_addr.len as u32);
+        (*v).data = self.orig_dst_addr.data;
+    }
+
+    pub unsafe fn bind_port(&self, v: *mut ngx_variable_value_t) {
+        if self.orig_dst_port.len == 0 {
+            (*v).set_not_found(1);
+            return;
+        }
+
+        (*v).set_valid(1);
+        (*v).set_no_cacheable(0);
+        (*v).set_not_found(0);
+        (*v).set_len(self.orig_dst_port.len as u32);
+        (*v).data = self.orig_dst_port.data;
+    }
+}
+
+#[no_mangle]
+static ngx_http_orig_dst_module_ctx: ngx_http_module_t = ngx_http_module_t {
+    preconfiguration: Some(Module::preconfiguration),
+    postconfiguration: Some(Module::postconfiguration),
+    create_main_conf: Some(Module::create_main_conf),
+    init_main_conf: Some(Module::init_main_conf),
+    create_srv_conf: Some(Module::create_srv_conf),
+    merge_srv_conf: Some(Module::merge_srv_conf),
+    create_loc_conf: Some(Module::create_loc_conf),
+    merge_loc_conf: Some(Module::merge_loc_conf),
+};
+
+ngx_modules!(ngx_http_orig_dst_module);
+
+#[no_mangle]
+pub static mut ngx_http_orig_dst_module: ngx_module_t = ngx_module_t {
+    ctx_index: ngx_uint_t::max_value(),
+    index: ngx_uint_t::max_value(),
+    name: std::ptr::null_mut(),
+    spare0: 0,
+    spare1: 0,
+    version: nginx_version as ngx_uint_t,
+    signature: NGX_RS_MODULE_SIGNATURE.as_ptr() as *const c_char,
+    ctx: &ngx_http_orig_dst_module_ctx as *const _ as *mut _,
+    commands: std::ptr::null_mut(),
+    type_: NGX_HTTP_MODULE as ngx_uint_t,
+
+    init_master: None,
+    init_module: None,
+    init_process: None,
+    init_thread: None,
+    exit_thread: None,
+    exit_process: None,
+    exit_master: None,
+
+    spare_hook0: 0,
+    spare_hook1: 0,
+    spare_hook2: 0,
+    spare_hook3: 0,
+    spare_hook4: 0,
+    spare_hook5: 0,
+    spare_hook6: 0,
+    spare_hook7: 0,
+};
+
+#[no_mangle]
+static mut ngx_http_orig_dst_vars: [ngx_http_variable_t; 3] = [
+    // ngx_str_t name
+    // ngx_http_set_variable_pt set_handler
+    // ngx_http_get_variable_pt get_handler
+    // uintptr_t data
+    // ngx_uint_t flags
+    // ngx_uint_t index
+    ngx_http_variable_t {
+        name: ngx_string!("server_orig_addr"),
+        set_handler: None,
+        get_handler: Some(ngx_http_orig_dst_addr_variable),
+        data: 0,
+        flags: 0,
+        index: 0,
+    },
+    ngx_http_variable_t {
+        name: ngx_string!("server_orig_port"),
+        set_handler: None,
+        get_handler: Some(ngx_http_orig_dst_port_variable),
+        data: 0,
+        flags: 0,
+        index: 0,
+    },
+    ngx_http_null_variable!(),
+];
+
+unsafe fn ngx_get_origdst(request: &mut http::Request) -> Result<(String, in_port_t), core::Status> {
+    let c = request.connection();
+
+    if (*c).type_ != libc::SOCK_STREAM {
+        ngx_log_debug_http!(request, "httporigdst: connection is not type SOCK_STREAM");
+        return Err(core::Status::NGX_DECLINED);
+    }
+
+    if ngx_connection_local_sockaddr(c, std::ptr::null_mut(), 0) != core::Status::NGX_OK.into() {
+        ngx_log_debug_http!(request, "httporigdst: no local sockaddr from connection");
+        return Err(core::Status::NGX_ERROR);
+    }
+
+    let level: c_int;
+    let optname: c_int;
+    match (*(*c).local_sockaddr).sa_family as i32 {
+        libc::AF_INET => {
+            level = libc::SOL_IP;
+            optname = libc::SO_ORIGINAL_DST;
+        }
+        _ => {
+            ngx_log_debug_http!(request, "httporigdst: only support IPv4");
+            return Err(core::Status::NGX_DECLINED);
+        }
+    }
+
+    let mut addr: sockaddr_storage = { std::mem::zeroed() };
+    let mut addrlen: libc::socklen_t = std::mem::size_of_val(&addr) as libc::socklen_t;
+    let rc = libc::getsockopt(
+        (*c).fd,
+        level,
+        optname,
+        &mut addr as *mut _ as *mut _,
+        &mut addrlen as *mut u32,
+    );
+    if rc == -1 {
+        ngx_log_debug_http!(request, "httporigdst: getsockopt failed");
+        return Err(core::Status::NGX_DECLINED);
+    }
+    let mut ip: Vec<u8> = vec![0; IPV4_STRLEN];
+    let e = unsafe {
+        ngx_sock_ntop(
+            std::ptr::addr_of_mut!(addr) as *mut sockaddr,
+            std::mem::size_of::<sockaddr>() as u32,
+            ip.as_mut_ptr(),
+            IPV4_STRLEN,
+            0,
+        )
+    };
+    if e == 0 {
+        ngx_log_debug_http!(request, "httporigdst: ngx_sock_ntop failed to convert sockaddr");
+        return Err(core::Status::NGX_ERROR);
+    }
+
+    let port = unsafe { ngx_inet_get_port(std::ptr::addr_of_mut!(addr) as *mut sockaddr) };
+
+    Ok((String::from_utf8(ip).unwrap(), port))
+}
+
+http_variable_get!(
+    ngx_http_orig_dst_addr_variable,
+    |request: &mut http::Request, v: *mut ngx_variable_value_t, _: usize| {
+        let ctx = request.get_module_ctx::<NgxHttpOrigDstCtx>(&ngx_http_orig_dst_module);
+        if let Some(obj) = ctx {
+            ngx_log_debug_http!(request, "httporigdst: found context and binding variable",);
+            obj.bind_addr(v);
+            return core::Status::NGX_OK;
+        }
+        // lazy initialization:
+        //   get original dest information
+        //   create context
+        //   set context
+        // bind address
+        ngx_log_debug_http!(request, "httporigdst: context not found, getting address");
+        let r = ngx_get_origdst(request);
+        match r {
+            Err(e) => {
+                return e;
+            }
+            Ok((ip, port)) => {
+                // create context,
+                // set context
+                let new_ctx = request.pool().allocate::<NgxHttpOrigDstCtx>(Default::default());
+
+                if new_ctx.is_null() {
+                    return core::Status::NGX_ERROR;
+                }
+
+                ngx_log_debug_http!(request, "httporigdst: saving ip - {:?}, port - {}", ip, port,);
+                (*new_ctx).save(&ip, port, &mut request.pool());
+                (*new_ctx).bind_addr(v);
+                request.set_module_ctx(new_ctx as *mut c_void, &ngx_http_orig_dst_module);
+            }
+        }
+        core::Status::NGX_OK
+    }
+);
+
+http_variable_get!(
+    ngx_http_orig_dst_port_variable,
+    |request: &mut http::Request, v: *mut ngx_variable_value_t, _: usize| {
+        let ctx = request.get_module_ctx::<NgxHttpOrigDstCtx>(&ngx_http_orig_dst_module);
+        if let Some(obj) = ctx {
+            ngx_log_debug_http!(request, "httporigdst: found context and binding variable",);
+            obj.bind_port(v);
+            return core::Status::NGX_OK;
+        }
+        // lazy initialization:
+        //   get original dest information
+        //   create context
+        //   set context
+        // bind port
+        ngx_log_debug_http!(request, "httporigdst: context not found, getting address");
+        let r = ngx_get_origdst(request);
+        match r {
+            Err(e) => {
+                return e;
+            }
+            Ok((ip, port)) => {
+                // create context,
+                // set context
+                let new_ctx = request.pool().allocate::<NgxHttpOrigDstCtx>(Default::default());
+
+                if new_ctx.is_null() {
+                    return core::Status::NGX_ERROR;
+                }
+
+                ngx_log_debug_http!(request, "httporigdst: saving ip - {:?}, port - {}", ip, port,);
+                (*new_ctx).save(&ip, port, &mut request.pool());
+                (*new_ctx).bind_port(v);
+                request.set_module_ctx(new_ctx as *mut c_void, &ngx_http_orig_dst_module);
+            }
+        }
+        core::Status::NGX_OK
+    }
+);
+
+struct Module;
+
+impl HTTPModule for Module {
+    type MainConf = ();
+    type SrvConf = ();
+    type LocConf = ();
+
+    // static ngx_int_t ngx_http_orig_dst_add_variables(ngx_conf_t *cf)
+    unsafe extern "C" fn preconfiguration(cf: *mut ngx_conf_t) -> ngx_int_t {
+        for mut v in ngx_http_orig_dst_vars {
+            if v.name.len == 0 {
+                break;
+            }
+            let var = ngx_http_add_variable(cf, &mut v.name, v.flags);
+            if var.is_null() {
+                return core::Status::NGX_ERROR.into();
+            }
+            (*var).get_handler = v.get_handler;
+            (*var).data = v.data;
+        }
+        core::Status::NGX_OK.into()
+    }
+}
diff --git a/nginx-sys/Cargo.toml b/nginx-sys/Cargo.toml
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..d17233d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/nginx-sys/Cargo.toml
@@ -0,0 +1,18 @@
+[package]
+name = "nginx-sys"
+version = "0.1.0"
+edition = "2021"
+license = "Apache-2.0"
+
+[lib]
+crate-type = ["staticlib","rlib"]
+
+[dependencies]
+
+[build-dependencies]
+bindgen = "0.64.0"
+which = "4.4.0"
+duct = "0.13.6"
+ureq = { version = "2.6.2", features = ["tls"] }
+flate2 = "1.0.25"
+tar = "0.4.38"
diff --git a/nginx-sys/build.rs b/nginx-sys/build.rs
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..22d51b2
--- /dev/null
+++ b/nginx-sys/build.rs
@@ -0,0 +1,645 @@
+extern crate bindgen;
+extern crate duct;
+
+use duct::cmd;
+use flate2::read::GzDecoder;
+use std::error::Error as StdError;
+use std::ffi::OsString;
+use std::fs::{read_to_string, File};
+use std::io::ErrorKind::NotFound;
+use std::io::{Error as IoError, Write};
+use std::path::{Path, PathBuf};
+use std::process::Output;
+use std::{env, thread};
+use tar::Archive;
+use which::which;
+
+/// The default version of zlib to use if the `ZLIB_VERSION` environment variable is not present
+const ZLIB_DEFAULT_VERSION: &str = "1.2.13";
+const ZLIB_GPG_SERVER_AND_KEY_ID: (&str, &str) = ("keyserver.ubuntu.com", "783FCD8E58BCAFBA");
+const ZLIB_DOWNLOAD_URL_PREFIX: &str = "https://www.zlib.net";
+/// The default version of pcre2 to use if the `PCRE2_VERSION` environment variable is not present
+const PCRE2_DEFAULT_VERSION: &str = "10.42";
+const PCRE2_GPG_SERVER_AND_KEY_ID: (&str, &str) = ("keyserver.ubuntu.com", "9766E084FB0F43D8");
+const PCRE2_DOWNLOAD_URL_PREFIX: &str = "https://github.com/PCRE2Project/pcre2/releases/download";
+/// The default version of openssl to use if the `OPENSSL_VERSION` environment variable is not present
+const OPENSSL_DEFAULT_VERSION: &str = "3.0.7";
+const OPENSSL_GPG_SERVER_AND_KEY_IDS: (&str, &str) = (
+    "keys.openpgp.org",
+    "\
+A21FAB74B0088AA361152586B8EF1A6BA9DA2D5C \
+8657ABB260F056B1E5190839D9C4D26D0E604491 \
+B7C1C14360F353A36862E4D5231C84CDDCC69C45 \
+95A9908DDFA16830BE9FB9003D30A3A9FF1360DC \
+7953AC1FBC3DC8B3B292393ED5E9E43F7DF9EE8C",
+);
+const OPENSSL_DOWNLOAD_URL_PREFIX: &str = "https://www.openssl.org/source/";
+/// The default version of NGINX to use if the `NGX_VERSION` environment variable is not present
+const NGX_DEFAULT_VERSION: &str = "1.23.3";
+const NGX_GPG_SERVER_AND_KEY_ID: (&str, &str) = ("keyserver.ubuntu.com", "A0EA981B66B0D967");
+const NGX_DOWNLOAD_URL_PREFIX: &str = "https://nginx.org/download";
+/// If you are adding another dependency, you will need to add the server/public key tuple below.
+const ALL_SERVERS_AND_PUBLIC_KEY_IDS: [(&str, &str); 4] = [
+    ZLIB_GPG_SERVER_AND_KEY_ID,
+    PCRE2_GPG_SERVER_AND_KEY_ID,
+    OPENSSL_GPG_SERVER_AND_KEY_IDS,
+    NGX_GPG_SERVER_AND_KEY_ID,
+];
+/// List of configure switches specifying the modules to build nginx with
+const NGX_BASE_MODULES: [&str; 15] = [
+    "--with-compat",
+    "--with-threads",
+    "--with-http_addition_module",
+    "--with-http_auth_request_module",
+    "--with-http_gunzip_module",
+    "--with-http_gzip_static_module",
+    "--with-http_random_index_module",
+    "--with-http_realip_module",
+    "--with-http_secure_link_module",
+    "--with-http_slice_module",
+    "--with-http_stub_status_module",
+    "--with-http_sub_module",
+    "--with-stream",
+    "--with-stream_realip_module",
+    "--with-stream_ssl_preread_module",
+];
+/// Additional configuration flags to use when building on Linux.
+const NGX_LINUX_ADDITIONAL_OPTS: [&str; 5] = [
+    "--with-file-aio",
+    "--with-http_ssl_module",
+    "--with-stream_ssl_module",
+    "--with-cc-opt=-g -fstack-protector-strong -Wformat -Werror=format-security -Wp,-D_FORTIFY_SOURCE=2 -fPIC",
+    "--with-ld-opt=-Wl,-Bsymbolic-functions -Wl,-z,relro -Wl,-z,now -Wl,--as-needed -pie",
+];
+const ENV_VARS_TRIGGERING_RECOMPILE: [&str; 9] = [
+    "DEBUG",
+    "OUT_DIR",
+    "ZLIB_VERSION",
+    "PCRE2_VERSION",
+    "OPENSSL_VERSION",
+    "NGX_VERSION",
+    "CARGO_CFG_TARGET_OS",
+    "CARGO_MANIFEST_DIR",
+    "CARGO_TARGET_TMPDIR",
+];
+
+/// Function invoked when `cargo build` is executed.
+/// This function will download NGINX and all supporting dependencies, verify their integrity,
+/// extract them, execute autoconf `configure` for NGINX, compile NGINX and finally install
+/// NGINX in a subdirectory with the project.
+fn main() -> Result<(), Box<dyn StdError>> {
+    // Create .cache directory
+    let cache_dir = make_cache_dir()?;
+    // Import GPG keys used to verify dependency tarballs
+    import_gpg_keys(&cache_dir)?;
+    // Configure and Compile NGINX
+    let (_nginx_install_dir, nginx_src_dir) = compile_nginx()?;
+    // Hint cargo to rebuild if any of the these environment variables values change
+    // because they will trigger a recompilation of NGINX with different parameters
+    for var in ENV_VARS_TRIGGERING_RECOMPILE {
+        println!("cargo:rerun-if-env-changed={var}");
+    }
+    println!("cargo:rerun-if-changed=build.rs");
+    println!("cargo:rerun-if-changed=wrapper.h");
+    // Read autoconf generated makefile for NGINX and generate Rust bindings based on its includes
+    generate_binding(nginx_src_dir);
+    Ok(())
+}
+
+/// Generates Rust bindings for NGINX
+fn generate_binding(nginx_source_dir: PathBuf) {
+    let autoconf_makefile_path = nginx_source_dir.join("objs").join("Makefile");
+    let clang_args: Vec<String> = parse_includes_from_makefile(&autoconf_makefile_path)
+        .into_iter()
+        .map(|path| format!("-I{}", path.to_string_lossy()))
+        .collect();
+
+    let bindings = bindgen::Builder::default()
+        // Bindings will not compile on Linux without block listing this item
+        // It is worth investigating why this is
+        .blocklist_item("IPPORT_RESERVED")
+        // The input header we would like to generate bindings for.
+        .header("wrapper.h")
+        .clang_args(clang_args)
+        .layout_tests(false)
+        .generate()
+        .expect("Unable to generate bindings");
+
+    // Write the bindings to the $OUT_DIR/bindings.rs file.
+    let out_dir_env = env::var("OUT_DIR").expect("The required environment variable OUT_DIR was not set");
+    let out_path = PathBuf::from(out_dir_env);
+    bindings
+        .write_to_file(out_path.join("bindings.rs"))
+        .expect("Couldn't write bindings!");
+}
+
+/*
+###########################################################################
+# NGINX Build Functions - Everything below here is for building NGINX     #
+###########################################################################
+
+In order to build Rust bindings for NGINX using the bindgen crate, we need
+to do the following:
+
+ 1. Download NGINX source code and all dependencies (zlib, pcre2, openssl)
+ 2. Verify the integrity of the downloaded files using GPG signatures
+ 3. Extract the downloaded files
+ 4. Run autoconf `configure` for NGINX
+ 5. Compile NGINX
+ 6. Install NGINX in a subdirectory of the project
+ 7. Read the autoconf generated makefile for NGINX and configure bindgen
+    to generate Rust bindings based on the includes in the makefile.
+
+Additionally, we want to provide the following features as part of the
+build process:
+ * Allow the user to specify the version of NGINX to build
+ * Allow the user to specify the version of each dependency to build
+ * Only reconfigure and recompile NGINX if any of the above versions
+   change or the configuration flags change (like enabling or disabling
+   the debug mode)
+ * Not rely on the user having NGINX dependencies installed on their
+   system (zlib, pcre2, openssl)
+ * Keep source code and binaries confined to a subdirectory of the
+   project to avoid having to track files outside of the project
+ * If GPG is not installed, the build will still continue. However, the
+   integrity of the downloaded files will not be verified.
+*/
+
+fn zlib_archive_url() -> String {
+    let version = env::var("ZLIB_VERSION").unwrap_or_else(|_| ZLIB_DEFAULT_VERSION.to_string());
+    format!("{ZLIB_DOWNLOAD_URL_PREFIX}/zlib-{version}.tar.gz")
+}
+
+fn pcre2_archive_url() -> String {
+    let version = env::var("PCRE2_VERSION").unwrap_or_else(|_| PCRE2_DEFAULT_VERSION.to_string());
+    format!("{PCRE2_DOWNLOAD_URL_PREFIX}/pcre2-{version}/pcre2-{version}.tar.gz")
+}
+
+fn openssl_archive_url() -> String {
+    let version = env::var("OPENSSL_VERSION").unwrap_or_else(|_| OPENSSL_DEFAULT_VERSION.to_string());
+    format!("{OPENSSL_DOWNLOAD_URL_PREFIX}/openssl-{version}.tar.gz")
+}
+
+fn nginx_archive_url() -> String {
+    let version = env::var("NGX_VERSION").unwrap_or_else(|_| NGX_DEFAULT_VERSION.to_string());
+    format!("{NGX_DOWNLOAD_URL_PREFIX}/nginx-{version}.tar.gz")
+}
+
+/// Returns a list of tuples containing the URL to a tarball archive and the GPG signature used
+/// to validate the integrity of the tarball.
+fn all_archives() -> Vec<(String, String)> {
+    vec![
+        (zlib_archive_url(), format!("{}.asc", zlib_archive_url())),
+        (pcre2_archive_url(), format!("{}.sig", pcre2_archive_url())),
+        (openssl_archive_url(), format!("{}.asc", openssl_archive_url())),
+        (nginx_archive_url(), format!("{}.asc", nginx_archive_url())),
+    ]
+}
+
+fn gpg_path() -> Option<PathBuf> {
+    which::which("gpg").ok()
+}
+
+/// Returns the base path to extract tarball contents into
+fn source_output_dir(cache_dir: &Path) -> PathBuf {
+    env::var("CARGO_TARGET_TMPDIR").map(PathBuf::from).unwrap_or_else(|_| {
+        cache_dir
+            .join("src")
+            .join(format!("{}-{}", env::consts::OS, env::consts::ARCH))
+    })
+}
+
+#[allow(clippy::ptr_arg)]
+/// Returns the path to install NGINX to
+fn nginx_install_dir(base_dir: &PathBuf) -> PathBuf {
+    let nginx_version = env::var("NGX_VERSION").unwrap_or_else(|_| NGX_DEFAULT_VERSION.to_string());
+    let platform = format!("{}-{}", env::consts::OS, env::consts::ARCH);
+    base_dir.join("nginx").join(nginx_version).join(platform)
+}
+
+/// Imports all of the required GPG keys into the `.cache/.gnupu` directory in order to
+/// validate the integrity of the downloaded tarballs.
+fn import_gpg_keys(cache_dir: &Path) -> Result<(), Box<dyn StdError>> {
+    if let Some(gpg) = gpg_path() {
+        // We do not want to mess with the default gpg data for the running user,
+        // so we store all gpg data with our cache directory.
+        let gnupghome = cache_dir.join(".gnupg");
+        if !gnupghome.exists() {
+            std::fs::create_dir_all(&gnupghome)?;
+        }
+
+        let keys_to_import = ALL_SERVERS_AND_PUBLIC_KEY_IDS.iter().filter(|(_, key_id)| {
+            let key_id_record_file = gnupghome.join(format!("{key_id}.key"));
+            !key_id_record_file.exists()
+        });
+
+        for (server, key_ids) in keys_to_import {
+            for key_id in key_ids.split_whitespace() {
+                let output = cmd!(
+                    &gpg,
+                    "--homedir",
+                    &gnupghome,
+                    "--keyserver",
+                    server,
+                    "--recv-keys",
+                    key_id
+                )
+                .stderr_to_stdout()
+                .stderr_capture()
+                .run()?;
+                if !output.status.success() {
+                    return Err(format!(
+                        "Failed to import GPG key {} from server {}: {}",
+                        key_id,
+                        server,
+                        String::from_utf8_lossy(&output.stdout)
+                    )
+                    .into());
+                }
+                println!("Imported GPG key: {key_id}");
+                let key_id_record_file = gnupghome.join(format!("{key_ids}.key"));
+                File::create(key_id_record_file).expect("Unable to create key id record file");
+            }
+        }
+    }
+    Ok(())
+}
+
+fn make_cache_dir() -> Result<PathBuf, Box<dyn StdError>> {
+    let base_dir = env::var("CARGO_MANIFEST_DIR")
+        .map(PathBuf::from)
+        .unwrap_or_else(|_| env::current_dir().expect("Failed to get current directory"));
+    // Choose the parent directory of the manifest directory (nginx-sys) as the cache directory
+    // Fail if we do not have a parent directory
+    let cache_dir = base_dir
+        .parent()
+        .expect("Failed to find parent directory of manifest directory")
+        .join(".cache");
+    if !cache_dir.exists() {
+        std::fs::create_dir_all(&cache_dir)?;
+    }
+    Ok(cache_dir)
+}
+
+/// Downloads a tarball from the specified URL into the `.cache` directory.
+fn download(cache_dir: &Path, url: &str) -> Result<PathBuf, Box<dyn StdError>> {
+    fn proceed_with_download(file_path: &Path) -> bool {
+        // File does not exist or is zero bytes
+        !file_path.exists() || file_path.metadata().map_or(false, |m| m.len() < 1)
+    }
+    let filename = url.split('/').last().unwrap();
+    let file_path = cache_dir.join(filename);
+    if proceed_with_download(&file_path) {
+        let mut reader = ureq::get(url).call()?.into_reader();
+        let mut file = std::fs::File::create(&file_path)?;
+        std::io::copy(&mut reader, &mut file)?;
+    }
+    Ok(file_path)
+}
+
+/// Validates that a file is a valid GPG signature file.
+fn verify_signature_file(cache_dir: &Path, signature_path: &Path) -> Result<(), Box<dyn StdError>> {
+    if let Some(gpg) = gpg_path() {
+        let gnupghome = cache_dir.join(".gnupg");
+        let output = cmd!(gpg, "--homedir", &gnupghome, "--list-packets", signature_path)
+            .stderr_to_stdout()
+            .stdout_capture()
+            .run()?;
+        if !output.status.success() {
+            eprintln!("{}", String::from_utf8_lossy(&output.stdout));
+            return Err(Box::new(std::io::Error::new(
+                std::io::ErrorKind::Other,
+                format!(
+                    "GPG signature file verification failed for signature: {}",
+                    signature_path.display()
+                ),
+            )));
+        }
+    } else {
+        println!("GPG not found, skipping signature file verification");
+    }
+    Ok(())
+}
+
+/// Validates the integrity of a tarball file against the cryptographic signature associated with
+/// the file.
+fn verify_archive_signature(
+    cache_dir: &Path,
+    archive_path: &Path,
+    signature_path: &Path,
+) -> Result<(), Box<dyn StdError>> {
+    if let Some(gpg) = gpg_path() {
+        let gnupghome = cache_dir.join(".gnupg");
+        let output = cmd!(gpg, "--homedir", &gnupghome, "--verify", signature_path, archive_path)
+            .stderr_to_stdout()
+            .stdout_capture()
+            .run()?;
+        if !output.status.success() {
+            eprintln!("{}", String::from_utf8_lossy(&output.stdout));
+            return Err(Box::new(std::io::Error::new(
+                std::io::ErrorKind::Other,
+                format!(
+                    "GPG signature verification failed of archive failed [{}]",
+                    archive_path.display()
+                ),
+            )));
+        }
+    } else {
+        println!("GPG not found, skipping signature verification");
+    }
+    Ok(())
+}
+
+/// Get a given tarball and signature file from a remote URL and copy it to the `.cache` directory.
+fn get_archive(cache_dir: &Path, archive_url: &str, signature_url: &str) -> Result<PathBuf, Box<dyn StdError>> {
+    let signature_path = download(cache_dir, signature_url)?;
+    if let Err(e) = verify_signature_file(cache_dir, &signature_path) {
+        std::fs::remove_file(&signature_path)?;
+        return Err(e);
+    }
+    let archive_path = download(cache_dir, archive_url)?;
+    match verify_archive_signature(cache_dir, &archive_path, &signature_path) {
+        Ok(_) => Ok(archive_path),
+        Err(e) => {
+            std::fs::remove_file(&archive_path)?;
+            Err(e)
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+/// Extract a tarball into a subdirectory based on the tarball's name under the source base
+/// directory.
+fn extract_archive(
+    archive_path: &Path,
+    extract_output_base_dir: &Path,
+) -> Result<(String, PathBuf), Box<dyn StdError>> {
+    if !extract_output_base_dir.exists() {
+        std::fs::create_dir_all(extract_output_base_dir)?;
+    }
+    let archive_file =
+        File::open(archive_path).unwrap_or_else(|_| panic!("Unable to open archive file: {}", archive_path.display()));
+    let stem = archive_path
+        .file_name()
+        .and_then(|s| s.to_str())
+        .and_then(|s| s.rsplitn(3, '.').last())
+        .expect("Unable to determine archive file name stem");
+    let dependency_name = stem
+        .split_once('-')
+        .map(|(s, _)| s.to_owned())
+        .unwrap_or_else(|| panic!("Unable to determine dependency name based on stem: {stem}"));
+
+    let extract_output_dir = extract_output_base_dir.to_owned();
+    let archive_output_dir = extract_output_dir.join(stem);
+    if !archive_output_dir.exists() {
+        Archive::new(GzDecoder::new(archive_file))
+            .entries()?
+            .filter_map(|e| e.ok())
+            .for_each(|mut entry| {
+                let path = entry.path().unwrap();
+                let stripped_path = path.components().skip(1).collect::<PathBuf>();
+                entry.unpack(&archive_output_dir.join(stripped_path)).unwrap();
+            });
+    } else {
+        println!(
+            "Archive [{}] already extracted to directory: {}",
+            stem,
+            archive_output_dir.display()
+        );
+    }
+
+    Ok((dependency_name, archive_output_dir))
+}
+
+/// Extract all of the tarballs into subdirectories within the source base directory.
+fn extract_all_archives(cache_dir: &Path) -> Result<Vec<(String, PathBuf)>, Box<dyn StdError>> {
+    let archives = all_archives();
+    let mut sources = Vec::new();
+    let extract_output_base_dir = source_output_dir(cache_dir);
+    if !extract_output_base_dir.exists() {
+        std::fs::create_dir_all(&extract_output_base_dir)?;
+    }
+    for (archive_url, signature_url) in archives {
+        let archive_path = get_archive(cache_dir, &archive_url, &signature_url)?;
+        let (name, output_dir) = extract_archive(&archive_path, &extract_output_base_dir)?;
+        sources.push((name, output_dir));
+    }
+
+    Ok(sources)
+}
+
+/// Invoke external processes to run autoconf `configure` to generate a makefile for NGINX and
+/// then run `make install`.
+fn compile_nginx() -> Result<(PathBuf, PathBuf), Box<dyn StdError>> {
+    fn find_dependency_path<'a>(sources: &'a [(String, PathBuf)], name: &str) -> &'a PathBuf {
+        sources
+            .iter()
+            .find(|(n, _)| n == name)
+            .map(|(_, p)| p)
+            .unwrap_or_else(|| panic!("Unable to find dependency [{name}] path"))
+    }
+    let cache_dir = make_cache_dir()?;
+    let nginx_install_dir = nginx_install_dir(&cache_dir);
+    let sources = extract_all_archives(&cache_dir)?;
+    let zlib_src_dir = find_dependency_path(&sources, "zlib");
+    let openssl_src_dir = find_dependency_path(&sources, "openssl");
+    let pcre2_src_dir = find_dependency_path(&sources, "pcre2");
+    let nginx_src_dir = find_dependency_path(&sources, "nginx");
+    let nginx_configure_flags = nginx_configure_flags(&nginx_install_dir, zlib_src_dir, openssl_src_dir, pcre2_src_dir);
+    let nginx_binary_exists = nginx_install_dir.join("sbin").join("nginx").exists();
+    let autoconf_makefile_exists = nginx_src_dir.join("Makefile").exists();
+    // We find out how NGINX was configured last time, so that we can compare it to what
+    // we are going to configure it to this time. If there are no changes, then we can assume
+    // that we do not need to reconfigure and rebuild NGINX.
+    let build_info_path = nginx_src_dir.join("last-build-info");
+    let current_build_info = build_info(&nginx_configure_flags);
+    let build_info_no_change = if build_info_path.exists() {
+        read_to_string(&build_info_path).map_or(false, |s| s == current_build_info)
+    } else {
+        false
+    };
+
+    println!("NGINX already installed: {nginx_binary_exists}");
+    println!("NGINX autoconf makefile already created: {autoconf_makefile_exists}");
+    println!("NGINX build info changed: {}", !build_info_no_change);
+
+    if !nginx_binary_exists || !autoconf_makefile_exists || !build_info_no_change {
+        std::fs::create_dir_all(&nginx_install_dir)?;
+        configure(nginx_configure_flags, nginx_src_dir)?;
+        make(nginx_src_dir, "install")?;
+        let mut output = File::create(build_info_path)?;
+        // Store the configure flags of the last successful build
+        output.write_all(current_build_info.as_bytes())?;
+    }
+    Ok((nginx_install_dir, nginx_src_dir.to_owned()))
+}
+
+/// Returns the options in which NGINX was built with
+fn build_info(nginx_configure_flags: &[String]) -> String {
+    // Flags should contain strings pointing to OS/platform as well as dependency versions,
+    // so if any of that changes, it can trigger a rebuild
+    nginx_configure_flags.join(" ")
+}
+
+/// Generate the flags to use with autoconf `configure` for NGINX based on the downloaded
+/// dependencies' paths. Note: the paths differ based on cargo targets because they may be
+/// configured differently for different os/platform targets.
+fn nginx_configure_flags(
+    nginx_install_dir: &Path,
+    zlib_src_dir: &Path,
+    openssl_src_dir: &Path,
+    pcre2_src_dir: &Path,
+) -> Vec<String> {
+    fn format_source_path(flag: &str, path: &Path) -> String {
+        format!(
+            "{}={}",
+            flag,
+            path.as_os_str().to_str().expect("Unable to read source path as string")
+        )
+    }
+    let modules = || -> Vec<String> {
+        let mut modules = vec![
+            format_source_path("--with-zlib", zlib_src_dir),
+            format_source_path("--with-pcre", pcre2_src_dir),
+            format_source_path("--with-openssl", openssl_src_dir),
+        ];
+        for module in NGX_BASE_MODULES {
+            modules.push(module.to_string());
+        }
+        modules
+    };
+    let mut nginx_opts = vec![format_source_path("--prefix", nginx_install_dir)];
+    if env::var("NGX_DEBUG").map_or(false, |s| s == "true") {
+        println!("Enabling --with-debug");
+        nginx_opts.push("--with-debug".to_string());
+    }
+    if env::var("CARGO_CFG_TARGET_OS").map_or(env::consts::OS == "linux", |s| s == "linux") {
+        for flag in NGX_LINUX_ADDITIONAL_OPTS {
+            nginx_opts.push(flag.to_string());
+        }
+    }
+    for flag in modules() {
+        nginx_opts.push(flag);
+    }
+
+    nginx_opts
+}
+
+/// Run external process invoking autoconf `configure` for NGINX.
+fn configure(nginx_configure_flags: Vec<String>, nginx_src_dir: &Path) -> std::io::Result<Output> {
+    let flags = nginx_configure_flags
+        .iter()
+        .map(OsString::from)
+        .collect::<Vec<OsString>>();
+    let configure_executable = nginx_src_dir.join("configure");
+    if !configure_executable.exists() {
+        panic!(
+            "Unable to find NGINX configure script at: {}",
+            configure_executable.to_string_lossy()
+        );
+    }
+    println!(
+        "Running NGINX configure script with flags: {:?}",
+        nginx_configure_flags.join(" ")
+    );
+    duct::cmd(configure_executable, flags)
+        .dir(nginx_src_dir)
+        .stderr_to_stdout()
+        .run()
+}
+
+/// Run `make` within the NGINX source directory as an external process.
+fn make(nginx_src_dir: &Path, arg: &str) -> std::io::Result<Output> {
+    // Give preference to the binary with the name of gmake if it exists because this is typically
+    // the GNU 4+ on MacOS (if it is installed via homebrew).
+    let make_bin_path = match (which("gmake"), which("make")) {
+        (Ok(path), _) => Ok(path),
+        (_, Ok(path)) => Ok(path),
+        _ => Err(IoError::new(NotFound, "Unable to find make in path (gmake or make)")),
+    }?;
+
+    // Level of concurrency to use when building nginx - cargo nicely provides this information
+    let num_jobs = match env::var("NUM_JOBS") {
+        Ok(s) => s.parse::<usize>().ok(),
+        Err(_) => thread::available_parallelism().ok().map(|n| n.get()),
+    }
+    .unwrap_or(1);
+
+    /* Use the duct dependency here to merge the output of STDOUT and STDERR into a single stream,
+    and to provide the combined output as a reader which can be iterated over line-by-line. We
+    use duct to do this because it is a lot of work to implement this from scratch. */
+    cmd!(make_bin_path, "-j", num_jobs.to_string(), arg)
+        .dir(nginx_src_dir)
+        .stderr_to_stdout()
+        .run()
+}
+
+/// Reads through the makefile generated by autoconf and finds all of the includes
+/// used to compile nginx. This is used to generate the correct bindings for the
+/// nginx source code.
+fn parse_includes_from_makefile(nginx_autoconf_makefile_path: &PathBuf) -> Vec<PathBuf> {
+    fn extract_include_part(line: &str) -> &str {
+        line.strip_suffix('\\').map_or(line, |s| s.trim())
+    }
+    /// Extracts the include path from a line of the autoconf generated makefile.
+    fn extract_after_i_flag(line: &str) -> Option<&str> {
+        let mut parts = line.split("-I ");
+        match parts.next() {
+            Some(_) => parts.next().map(extract_include_part),
+            None => None,
+        }
+    }
+
+    let mut includes = vec![];
+    let makefile_contents = match std::fs::read_to_string(nginx_autoconf_makefile_path) {
+        Ok(path) => path,
+        Err(e) => {
+            panic!(
+                "Unable to read makefile from path [{}]. Error: {}",
+                nginx_autoconf_makefile_path.to_string_lossy(),
+                e
+            );
+        }
+    };
+
+    let mut includes_lines = false;
+    for line in makefile_contents.lines() {
+        if !includes_lines {
+            if let Some(stripped) = line.strip_prefix("ALL_INCS") {
+                includes_lines = true;
+                if let Some(part) = extract_after_i_flag(stripped) {
+                    includes.push(part);
+                }
+                continue;
+            }
+        }
+
+        if includes_lines {
+            if let Some(part) = extract_after_i_flag(line) {
+                includes.push(part);
+            } else {
+                break;
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    let makefile_dir = nginx_autoconf_makefile_path
+        .parent()
+        .expect("makefile path has no parent")
+        .parent()
+        .expect("objs dir has no parent")
+        .to_path_buf()
+        .canonicalize()
+        .expect("Unable to canonicalize makefile path");
+
+    includes
+        .into_iter()
+        .map(PathBuf::from)
+        .map(|path| {
+            if path.is_absolute() {
+                path
+            } else {
+                makefile_dir.join(path)
+            }
+        })
+        .collect()
+}
diff --git a/nginx-sys/src/lib.rs b/nginx-sys/src/lib.rs
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..cf11f1a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/nginx-sys/src/lib.rs
@@ -0,0 +1,97 @@
+#![allow(non_upper_case_globals)]
+#![allow(non_camel_case_types)]
+#![allow(non_snake_case)]
+#![allow(dead_code)]
+#![allow(clippy::all)]
+#![allow(improper_ctypes)]
+
+include!(concat!(env!("OUT_DIR"), "/bindings.rs"));
+
+use std::fmt;
+use std::ptr::copy_nonoverlapping;
+use std::slice;
+
+pub fn str_to_uchar(pool: *mut ngx_pool_t, data: &str) -> *mut u_char {
+    let ptr: *mut u_char = unsafe { ngx_palloc(pool, data.len() as _) as _ };
+    unsafe {
+        copy_nonoverlapping(data.as_ptr(), ptr, data.len());
+    }
+    ptr
+}
+
+impl ngx_str_t {
+    // convert nginx string to str slice
+    pub fn to_str(&self) -> &str {
+        unsafe {
+            let slice = slice::from_raw_parts(self.data, self.len as usize);
+            return std::str::from_utf8(slice).unwrap();
+        }
+    }
+
+    // get string
+    pub fn to_string(&self) -> String {
+        return String::from(self.to_str());
+    }
+
+    /// create from string
+    pub fn from_string(pool: *mut ngx_pool_t, data: String) -> Self {
+        ngx_str_t {
+            data: str_to_uchar(pool, data.as_str()),
+            len: data.len() as _,
+        }
+    }
+
+    /// create from string
+    pub fn from_str(pool: *mut ngx_pool_t, data: &str) -> Self {
+        ngx_str_t {
+            data: str_to_uchar(pool, data),
+            len: data.len() as _,
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+impl From<ngx_str_t> for &[u8] {
+    fn from(s: ngx_str_t) -> Self {
+        if s.len == 0 || s.data.is_null() {
+            return Default::default();
+        }
+        unsafe { slice::from_raw_parts(s.data, s.len as usize) }
+    }
+}
+
+impl TryFrom<ngx_str_t> for String {
+    type Error = std::string::FromUtf8Error;
+
+    fn try_from(s: ngx_str_t) -> Result<Self, Self::Error> {
+        let bytes: &[u8] = s.into();
+        String::from_utf8(bytes.into())
+    }
+}
+
+impl fmt::Display for ngx_str_t {
+    fn fmt(&self, f: &mut fmt::Formatter) -> fmt::Result {
+        write!(f, "{}", String::from_utf8_lossy((*self).into()))
+    }
+}
+
+impl TryFrom<ngx_str_t> for &str {
+    type Error = std::str::Utf8Error;
+
+    fn try_from(s: ngx_str_t) -> Result<Self, Self::Error> {
+        std::str::from_utf8(s.into())
+    }
+}
+
+pub fn add_to_ngx_table(table: *mut ngx_table_elt_t, pool: *mut ngx_pool_t, key: &str, value: &str) -> Option<()> {
+    if table.is_null() {
+        return None;
+    }
+    unsafe { table.as_mut() }.map(|table| {
+        table.hash = 1;
+        table.key.len = key.len() as _;
+        table.key.data = str_to_uchar(pool, key);
+        table.value.len = value.len() as _;
+        table.value.data = str_to_uchar(pool, value);
+        table.lowcase_key = str_to_uchar(pool, String::from(key).to_ascii_lowercase().as_str());
+    })
+}
diff --git a/nginx-sys/wrapper.h b/nginx-sys/wrapper.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..c53f3c9
--- /dev/null
+++ b/nginx-sys/wrapper.h
@@ -0,0 +1,11 @@
+#include <ngx_http.h>
+#include <ngx_conf_file.h>
+#include <ngx_config.h>
+#include <ngx_core.h>
+
+// Define as constants since bindgen can't parse these values
+const size_t NGX_RS_HTTP_MAIN_CONF_OFFSET = NGX_HTTP_MAIN_CONF_OFFSET;
+const size_t NGX_RS_HTTP_SRV_CONF_OFFSET = NGX_HTTP_SRV_CONF_OFFSET;
+const size_t NGX_RS_HTTP_LOC_CONF_OFFSET = NGX_HTTP_LOC_CONF_OFFSET;
+
+const char *NGX_RS_MODULE_SIGNATURE = NGX_MODULE_SIGNATURE;
diff --git a/nginx.mk b/nginx.mk
deleted file mode 100644
index f8f5d32..0000000
--- a/nginx.mk
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,70 +0,0 @@
-NGINX_VER = 1.13.7
-UNAME_S := $(shell uname -s)
-NGX_MODULES = --with-compat  --with-threads --with-http_addition_module \
-     --with-http_auth_request_module   --with-http_gunzip_module --with-http_gzip_static_module  \
-     --with-http_random_index_module --with-http_realip_module --with-http_secure_link_module \
-     --with-http_slice_module  --with-http_stub_status_module --with-http_sub_module \
-     --with-stream --with-stream_realip_module --with-stream_ssl_preread_module
-
-ifeq ($(UNAME_S),Linux)
-    NGINX_SRC = nginx-linux
-    NGX_OPT= $(NGX_MODULES) \
-       --with-file-aio --with-http_ssl_module --with-stream_ssl_module  \
-       --with-cc-opt='-g -fstack-protector-strong -Wformat -Werror=format-security -Wp,-D_FORTIFY_SOURCE=2 -fPIC' \
-       --with-ld-opt='-Wl,-Bsymbolic-functions -Wl,-z,relro -Wl,-z,now -Wl,--as-needed -pie'
-endif
-ifeq ($(UNAME_S),Darwin)
-    NGINX_SRC = nginx-darwin
-    NGX_OPT= $(NGX_MODULES)
-endif
-NGX_DEBUG="--with-debug"
-RUST_COMPILER_TAG = 1.21.0
-RUST_TOOL = nginmesh/ngx-rust-tool:${RUST_COMPILER_TAG}
-export ROOT_DIR=$(shell dirname $$PWD)
-DOCKER_TOOL=docker run -it -v ${ROOT_DIR}:/src -w /src/${MODULE_PROJ_NAME} ${RUST_TOOL}
-
-
-nginx-build:
-	cd nginx/${NGINX_SRC}; \
-	./configure --prefix=${PWD}/nginx/install $(NGX_OPT); \
-	make; \
-	make install
-
-
-setup-nginx:
-	mkdir -p nginx
-
-nginx-source:	setup-nginx
-	rm -rf nginx/${NGINX_SRC}
-	wget http://nginx.org/download/nginx-${NGINX_VER}.tar.gz
-	tar zxf nginx-${NGINX_VER}.tar.gz
-	mv nginx-${NGINX_VER} ${NGINX_SRC}
-	mv ${NGINX_SRC} nginx
-	rm nginx-${NGINX_VER}.tar.gz*
-
-nginx-configure:
-	cd nginx/${NGINX_SRC}; \
-    ./configure $(NGX_OPT)
-
-
-nginx-setup:	nginx-source nginx-configure
-
-nginx-test:	nginx-source nginx-build
-
-
-nginx-module:
-	cd nginx/${NGINX_SRC}; \
-	make modules;
-
-# need to run inside container
-linux-shell:
-	${DOCKER_TOOL} /bin/bash
-
-
-
-linux-setup:
-	${DOCKER_TOOL} make nginx-setup
-
-linux-module:
-	${DOCKER_TOOL} make nginx-module
-
diff --git a/ngx-binding/.gitignore b/ngx-binding/.gitignore
deleted file mode 100644
index da70e20..0000000
--- a/ngx-binding/.gitignore
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1 +0,0 @@
-nginx
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/ngx-binding/Cargo.lock b/ngx-binding/Cargo.lock
deleted file mode 100644
index 2c5358a..0000000
--- a/ngx-binding/Cargo.lock
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,756 +0,0 @@
-[root]
-name = "ngx-rust"
-version = "0.1.2"
-dependencies = [
- "bindgen 0.30.0 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
- "futures 0.1.15 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
- "hyper 0.11.2 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
- "tokio-core 0.1.9 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
-]
-
-[[package]]
-name = "aho-corasick"
-version = "0.6.3"
-source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-dependencies = [
- "memchr 1.0.1 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
-]
-
-[[package]]
-name = "ansi_term"
-version = "0.9.0"
-source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-
-[[package]]
-name = "aster"
-version = "0.41.0"
-source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-dependencies = [
- "syntex_syntax 0.58.1 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
-]
-
-[[package]]
-name = "atty"
-version = "0.2.2"
-source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-dependencies = [
- "kernel32-sys 0.2.2 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
- "libc 0.2.30 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
- "winapi 0.2.8 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
-]
-
-[[package]]
-name = "base64"
-version = "0.6.0"
-source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-dependencies = [
- "byteorder 1.1.0 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
- "safemem 0.2.0 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
-]
-
-[[package]]
-name = "bindgen"
-version = "0.30.0"
-source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-dependencies = [
- "aster 0.41.0 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
- "cexpr 0.2.2 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
- "cfg-if 0.1.2 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
- "clang-sys 0.19.0 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
- "clap 2.26.0 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
- "env_logger 0.4.3 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
- "lazy_static 0.2.8 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
- "log 0.3.8 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
- "peeking_take_while 0.1.2 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
- "quasi 0.32.0 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
- "quasi_codegen 0.32.0 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
- "regex 0.2.2 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
- "syntex_syntax 0.58.1 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
- "which 1.0.2 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
-]
-
-[[package]]
-name = "bitflags"
-version = "0.7.0"
-source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-
-[[package]]
-name = "bitflags"
-version = "0.8.2"
-source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-
-[[package]]
-name = "bitflags"
-version = "0.9.1"
-source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-
-[[package]]
-name = "byteorder"
-version = "1.1.0"
-source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-
-[[package]]
-name = "bytes"
-version = "0.4.5"
-source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-dependencies = [
- "byteorder 1.1.0 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
- "iovec 0.1.0 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
-]
-
-[[package]]
-name = "cexpr"
-version = "0.2.2"
-source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-dependencies = [
- "nom 3.2.0 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
-]
-
-[[package]]
-name = "cfg-if"
-version = "0.1.2"
-source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-
-[[package]]
-name = "clang-sys"
-version = "0.19.0"
-source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-dependencies = [
- "bitflags 0.9.1 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
- "glob 0.2.11 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
- "libc 0.2.30 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
- "libloading 0.4.1 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
-]
-
-[[package]]
-name = "clap"
-version = "2.26.0"
-source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-dependencies = [
- "ansi_term 0.9.0 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
- "atty 0.2.2 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
- "bitflags 0.9.1 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
- "strsim 0.6.0 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
- "term_size 0.3.0 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
- "textwrap 0.7.0 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
- "unicode-segmentation 1.2.0 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
- "unicode-width 0.1.4 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
- "vec_map 0.8.0 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
-]
-
-[[package]]
-name = "conv"
-version = "0.3.3"
-source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-dependencies = [
- "custom_derive 0.1.7 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
-]
-
-[[package]]
-name = "custom_derive"
-version = "0.1.7"
-source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-
-[[package]]
-name = "env_logger"
-version = "0.4.3"
-source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-dependencies = [
- "log 0.3.8 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
- "regex 0.2.2 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
-]
-
-[[package]]
-name = "futures"
-version = "0.1.15"
-source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-
-[[package]]
-name = "futures-cpupool"
-version = "0.1.5"
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diff --git a/ngx-binding/Cargo.toml b/ngx-binding/Cargo.toml
deleted file mode 100644
index a038c85..0000000
--- a/ngx-binding/Cargo.toml
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,20 +0,0 @@
-[package]
-name = "ngx_rust"
-version = "0.1.2"
-authors = ["Sehyo Chang   sehyo@nginx.com"]
-
-[lib]
-doctest = false
-test = true
-crate-type = ["staticlib","rlib"]
-
-
-[dev-dependencies]
-futures = "0.1.14"
-hyper = "0.11.2"
-tokio-core = "0.1.9"
-
-[build-dependencies]
-bindgen = "0.30.0"
-
-
diff --git a/ngx-binding/Makefile b/ngx-binding/Makefile
deleted file mode 100644
index b16fe55..0000000
--- a/ngx-binding/Makefile
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,48 +0,0 @@
-NGINX_VER = 1.13.7
-UNAME_S := $(shell uname -s)
-NGX_MODULES = --with-compat  --with-threads --with-http_addition_module \
-     --with-http_auth_request_module   --with-http_gunzip_module --with-http_gzip_static_module  \
-     --with-http_random_index_module --with-http_realip_module --with-http_secure_link_module \
-     --with-http_slice_module  --with-http_stub_status_module --with-http_sub_module \
-     --with-stream --with-stream_realip_module --with-stream_ssl_preread_module
-
-ifeq ($(UNAME_S),Linux)
-    NGINX_SRC = nginx-linux
-    NGX_OPT= $(NGX_MODULES) \
-       --with-file-aio --with-http_ssl_module --with-stream_ssl_module  \
-       --with-cc-opt='-g -fstack-protector-strong -Wformat -Werror=format-security -Wp,-D_FORTIFY_SOURCE=2 -fPIC' \
-       --with-ld-opt='-Wl,-Bsymbolic-functions -Wl,-z,relro -Wl,-z,now -Wl,--as-needed -pie'
-endif
-ifeq ($(UNAME_S),Darwin)
-    NGINX_SRC = nginx-darwin
-    NGX_OPT= $(NGX_MODULES)
-endif
-
-
-setup-nginx:
-	mkdir -p nginx
-
-nginx-source:	setup-nginx
-	rm -rf nginx/${NGINX_SRC}
-	wget http://nginx.org/download/nginx-${NGINX_VER}.tar.gz
-	tar zxf nginx-${NGINX_VER}.tar.gz
-	mv nginx-${NGINX_VER} ${NGINX_SRC}
-	mv ${NGINX_SRC} nginx
-	rm nginx-${NGINX_VER}.tar.gz*
-
-nginx-configure:
-	cd nginx/${NGINX_SRC}; \
-    ./configure $(NGX_OPT)
-
-
-nginx-setup:	nginx-source nginx-configure
-
-
-nginx-module:
-	cd nginx/${NGINX_SRC}; \
-	make modules;
-
-
-clean:
-	rm -rf nginx
-	rm -f src/bindings.rs
diff --git a/ngx-binding/build.rs b/ngx-binding/build.rs
deleted file mode 100644
index db19f7f..0000000
--- a/ngx-binding/build.rs
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,74 +0,0 @@
-extern crate bindgen;
-
-use std::process::Command;
-use std::process::Output;
-use std::env;
-use std::io::Result;
-
-#[cfg(target_os = "macos")]
-const NGIX_DIR: &str  = "./nginx/nginx-darwin";
-
-#[cfg(target_os = "linux")]
-const NGIX_DIR: &str  = "./nginx/nginx-linux";
-
-// perform make with argument
-fn make(arg: &str) -> Result<Output> {
-    let current_path = env::current_dir().unwrap();
-    let path_name = format!("{}",current_path.display());
-    println!("executing make command at {}",path_name);
-    let result =  Command::new("/usr/bin/make")
-        .args(&[arg])
-        .current_dir(path_name)
-        .output();
-
-    match result  {
-        Err(e)  =>  {
-            return Err(e);
-        },
-
-        Ok(output) => {
-            println!("status: {}", output.status);
-            println!("stdout: {}", String::from_utf8_lossy(&output.stdout));
-            println!("stderr: {}", String::from_utf8_lossy(&output.stderr));
-            return Ok(output);
-        }
-    }
-}
-
-
-fn configure() -> Result<Output> {
-    make("nginx-setup")
-}
-
-
-
-
-fn generate_binding() {
-    let bindings = bindgen::Builder::default()
-    // The input header we would like to generate
-    // bindings for.
-    .header("wrapper.h")
-    .layout_tests(false)
-    .clang_arg(format!("-I{}/src/core",NGIX_DIR))
-    .clang_arg(format!("-I{}/src/event",NGIX_DIR))
-    .clang_arg(format!("-I{}/src/event/modules",NGIX_DIR))
-    .clang_arg(format!("-I{}/src/os/unix",NGIX_DIR))
-    .clang_arg(format!("-I{}/objs",NGIX_DIR))
-    .clang_arg(format!("-I{}/src/http",NGIX_DIR))
-    .clang_arg(format!("-I{}/src/http/modules",NGIX_DIR))
-    // Finish the builder and generate the bindings.
-    .generate()
-    // Unwrap the Result and panic on failure.
-    .expect("Unable to generate bindings");
-
-    bindings
-    .write_to_file("src/bindings.rs")
-    .expect("Couldn't write bindings!");
-}
-
-fn main() {
-
-    configure();
-    generate_binding();
-
-}
diff --git a/ngx-binding/src/.gitignore b/ngx-binding/src/.gitignore
deleted file mode 100644
index b1dd71c..0000000
--- a/ngx-binding/src/.gitignore
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,11 +0,0 @@
-bindings.rs
-helloworld.rs
-helloworld_grpc.rs
-route_guide.rs
-route_guide_grpc.rs
-check.rs
-attributes.rs
-status.rs
-service_grpc.rs
-quota.rs
-report.rs
diff --git a/ngx-binding/src/lib.rs b/ngx-binding/src/lib.rs
deleted file mode 100644
index b9e76f5..0000000
--- a/ngx-binding/src/lib.rs
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,8 +0,0 @@
-
-
-pub mod bindings;
-pub mod nginx_http;
-pub mod nginx;
-
-
-pub mod log;
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/ngx-binding/src/log.rs b/ngx-binding/src/log.rs
deleted file mode 100644
index 9949ef7..0000000
--- a/ngx-binding/src/log.rs
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,37 +0,0 @@
-
-#[macro_export]
-macro_rules! ngx_debug  {
-
-    ($level:expr,$log:expr,$($arg:tt)*) => {
-        if (*$log).log_level & $level as usize > 0{
-            let c_message = ::std::ffi::CString::new(format!($($arg)*)).unwrap();
-            $crate::bindings::ngx_log_error_core($crate::bindings::NGX_LOG_DEBUG as usize, $log, 0, c_message.as_ptr());
-        }
-    }
-}
-
-#[macro_export]
-macro_rules! ngx_http_debug  {
-
-    ($request:expr,$($arg:tt)*) => {
-        unsafe  {
-            ngx_debug!($crate::bindings::NGX_LOG_DEBUG_HTTP,(*($request).connection).log,$($arg)*);
-        }
-    }
-}
-
-
-#[macro_export]
-macro_rules! ngx_event_debug  {
-
-    ($($arg:tt)*) => {
-        unsafe  {
-            ngx_debug!($crate::bindings::NGX_LOG_DEBUG_EVENT,(*$crate::bindings::ngx_cycle).log,$($arg)*);
-        }
-    }
-}
-
-
-
-
-
diff --git a/ngx-binding/src/nginx.rs b/ngx-binding/src/nginx.rs
deleted file mode 100644
index c5015c5..0000000
--- a/ngx-binding/src/nginx.rs
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,98 +0,0 @@
-/**
- * harness to test nginx
- */
-
-use std::process::Command;
-use std::process::Output;
-use std::io::Result;
-use std::env;
-use std::fs;
-
-const NGINX_INSTALL_PATH: &str = "nginx/install";
-const NGINX_BIN: &str = "sbin/nginx";
-const NGINX_CONFIG: &str = "conf/nginx.conf";
-
-pub struct Nginx  {
-
-    pub install_path: String            // install path
-}
-
-
-impl Nginx  {
-
-    pub fn new(path: String) -> Nginx  {
-        Nginx { install_path: path }
-    }
-
-    // create nginx with default
-    pub fn default() -> Nginx  {
-        let path = env::current_dir().unwrap();
-        let install_path = format!("{}/{}",path.display(),NGINX_INSTALL_PATH);
-        Nginx { install_path: install_path }
-    }
-
-
-    // get bin path
-    pub fn bin_path(&mut self) -> String  {
-        format!("{}/{}",self.install_path,NGINX_BIN)
-    }
-
-
-    pub fn cmd(&mut self, args: &[&str] )  -> Result<Output> {
-        let bin_path = self.bin_path();
-        let result =  Command::new(&bin_path)
-            .args(args)
-            .output();
-
-        match result  {
-            Err(e)  =>  {
-                return Err(e);
-            },
-
-            Ok(output) => {
-                println!("status: {}", output.status);
-                println!("stdout: {}", String::from_utf8_lossy(&output.stdout));
-                println!("stderr: {}", String::from_utf8_lossy(&output.stderr));
-                return Ok(output);
-            }
-        }
-
-    }
-
-    // complete stop the nginx binary
-    pub fn stop(&mut self)  -> Result<Output> {
-        self.cmd(&["-s","stop"])
-    }
-
-    // start the nginx binary
-    pub fn start(&mut self) -> Result<Output> {
-        self.cmd(&[])
-    }
-
-
-    // make sure we stop existing nginx and start new master process
-    // intentinally ignore failure in stop
-    pub fn restart(&mut self) -> Result<Output> {
-
-        self.stop();
-        self.start()
-    }
-
-
-    // replace config with another config
-    pub fn replace_config(&mut self, from: &str) -> Result<u64> {
-        let config_path = format!("{}/{}",self.install_path,NGINX_CONFIG);
-        println!("copying config from: {} to: {}",from,config_path); // replace with logging
-        fs::copy(from , config_path)
-    }
-
-
-}
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
diff --git a/ngx-binding/src/nginx_http.rs b/ngx-binding/src/nginx_http.rs
deleted file mode 100644
index 2910648..0000000
--- a/ngx-binding/src/nginx_http.rs
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,159 +0,0 @@
-
-use std::str;
-use std::slice;
-
-use bindings::ngx_http_request_s;
-use bindings::ngx_http_headers_in_t;
-use bindings::ngx_http_headers_out_t;
-use bindings::ngx_list_part_t;
-use bindings::ngx_table_elt_t;
-use bindings::ngx_list_t;
-use bindings::ngx_uint_t;
-use bindings::ngx_str_t;
-use bindings::ngx_log_t;
-use bindings::ngx_log_error_core;
-use bindings::NGX_LOG_ERR;
-use bindings::ngx_cycle;
-
-
-impl ngx_str_t  {
-    // convert nginx string to str slice
-    pub fn to_str(&self) -> &str  {
-
-        unsafe {
-            let slice = slice::from_raw_parts(self.data,self.len) ;
-            return str::from_utf8(slice).unwrap();
-        }            
-   
-    }
-
-    // get string 
-    pub fn to_string(&self) -> String  {
-        return String::from(self.to_str());
-    }
-}
-
-impl ngx_http_request_s {
-
-    /*
-    pub fn scheme(&self) -> char {
-        unsafe {  (*self.schema_start)};
-    }
-    */
-
-}
-
-impl ngx_http_headers_in_t {
-
-    // host
-    pub fn host_str(&self) -> &str  {
-        unsafe { (*self.host).value.to_str() }
-    }
-
-    pub fn user_agent_str(&self) -> &str  {
-        unsafe { (*self.user_agent).value.to_str() }
-    }
-
-    // referrer
-    pub fn referer_str(&self) -> Option<&str>  {
-
-        let referer = self.referer;
-
-        if referer.is_null() {
-            return None;
-        }
-
-        return Some(unsafe { (*referer).value.to_str() });
-    }
-
-    pub fn headers_iterator(&self) -> NgxListIterator {
-        list_iterator( &self.headers )
-    }
-
-}
-
-impl ngx_http_headers_out_t {
-
-    pub fn content_length_str(&self) -> &str  {
-        unsafe { (*self.content_length).value.to_str() }
-    }
-
-    pub fn server_str(&self) -> &str  {
-        unsafe { (*self.server).value.to_str() }
-    }
-
-    pub fn headers_iterator(&self) -> NgxListIterator {
-        list_iterator( &self.headers )
-    }
-
-}
-
-
-pub struct NgxListIterator {
-
-    done: bool ,
-    part: *const ngx_list_part_t,
-    h: *const ngx_table_elt_t,
-    i: ngx_uint_t
-}
-
-
-// create new http request iterator 
-pub fn list_iterator(list: *const ngx_list_t) -> NgxListIterator  {
-
-    unsafe {
-        let  part: *const ngx_list_part_t  = &(*list).part ;
-
-        NgxListIterator  {
-            done: false,
-            part: part,
-            h: (*part).elts as *const ngx_table_elt_t,
-            i: 0
-        }
-    }
-    
-}
-
-// iterator for ngx_list_t
-
-impl Iterator for NgxListIterator  {
-
-    // type Item = (&str,&str);
-    // TODO: try to use str instead of string
-
-    type Item = (String,String);
-    
-    fn next(&mut self) -> Option<Self::Item> {
-
-        unsafe {
-            if self.done  {
-                return None;
-            } else {
-                if self.i >= (*self.part).nelts  {
-                        if (*self.part).next.is_null() {
-                            self.done = true;
-                            return None
-                        }
-
-                        // loop back
-                        self.part = (*self.part).next;
-                        self.h = (*self.part).elts as *mut ngx_table_elt_t;
-                        self.i = 0;
-                }
-
-                let header: *const ngx_table_elt_t = self.h.offset(self.i as isize);
-
-                let header_name: ngx_str_t = (*header).key;   
-                    
-                let header_value: ngx_str_t = (*header).value;
-               
-                self.i = self.i + 1;
-
-                return Some( (header_name.to_string(),header_value.to_string()) ) ;
-
-            }
-        }
-    
-    }
-
-}
diff --git a/ngx-binding/wrapper.h b/ngx-binding/wrapper.h
deleted file mode 100644
index 3cfb3dd..0000000
--- a/ngx-binding/wrapper.h
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1 +0,0 @@
-#include <ngx_http.h>
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/rustfmt.toml b/rustfmt.toml
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..866c756
--- /dev/null
+++ b/rustfmt.toml
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+max_width = 120
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/src/core/buffer.rs b/src/core/buffer.rs
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..4ea72cb
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/core/buffer.rs
@@ -0,0 +1,93 @@
+use crate::ffi::*;
+
+use std::slice;
+
+pub trait Buffer {
+    fn as_ngx_buf(&self) -> *const ngx_buf_t;
+
+    fn as_ngx_buf_mut(&mut self) -> *mut ngx_buf_t;
+
+    fn as_bytes(&self) -> &[u8] {
+        let buf = self.as_ngx_buf();
+        unsafe { slice::from_raw_parts((*buf).pos, self.len()) }
+    }
+
+    fn len(&self) -> usize {
+        let buf = self.as_ngx_buf();
+        unsafe {
+            let pos = (*buf).pos;
+            let last = (*buf).last;
+            assert!(last >= pos);
+            usize::wrapping_sub(last as _, pos as _)
+        }
+    }
+
+    fn is_empty(&self) -> bool {
+        self.len() == 0
+    }
+
+    fn set_last_buf(&mut self, last: bool) {
+        let buf = self.as_ngx_buf_mut();
+        unsafe {
+            (*buf).set_last_buf(if last { 1 } else { 0 });
+        }
+    }
+
+    fn set_last_in_chain(&mut self, last: bool) {
+        let buf = self.as_ngx_buf_mut();
+        unsafe {
+            (*buf).set_last_in_chain(if last { 1 } else { 0 });
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+pub trait MutableBuffer: Buffer {
+    fn as_bytes_mut(&mut self) -> &mut [u8] {
+        let buf = self.as_ngx_buf_mut();
+        unsafe { slice::from_raw_parts_mut((*buf).pos, self.len()) }
+    }
+}
+
+pub struct TemporaryBuffer(*mut ngx_buf_t);
+
+impl TemporaryBuffer {
+    pub fn from_ngx_buf(buf: *mut ngx_buf_t) -> TemporaryBuffer {
+        assert!(!buf.is_null());
+        TemporaryBuffer(buf)
+    }
+}
+
+impl Buffer for TemporaryBuffer {
+    fn as_ngx_buf(&self) -> *const ngx_buf_t {
+        self.0
+    }
+
+    fn as_ngx_buf_mut(&mut self) -> *mut ngx_buf_t {
+        self.0
+    }
+}
+
+impl MutableBuffer for TemporaryBuffer {
+    fn as_bytes_mut(&mut self) -> &mut [u8] {
+        unsafe { slice::from_raw_parts_mut((*self.0).pos, self.len()) }
+    }
+}
+
+pub struct MemoryBuffer(*mut ngx_buf_t);
+
+impl MemoryBuffer {
+    pub fn from_ngx_buf(buf: *mut ngx_buf_t) -> MemoryBuffer {
+        assert!(!buf.is_null());
+        MemoryBuffer(buf)
+    }
+}
+
+impl Buffer for MemoryBuffer {
+    fn as_ngx_buf(&self) -> *const ngx_buf_t {
+        self.0
+    }
+
+    fn as_ngx_buf_mut(&mut self) -> *mut ngx_buf_t {
+        self.0
+    }
+}
diff --git a/src/core/mod.rs b/src/core/mod.rs
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..271e23d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/core/mod.rs
@@ -0,0 +1,66 @@
+mod buffer;
+mod pool;
+mod status;
+mod string;
+
+pub use buffer::*;
+pub use pool::*;
+pub use status::*;
+pub use string::*;
+
+/// Static empty configuration directive initializer for [`ngx_command_t`].
+///
+/// This is typically used to terminate an array of configuration directives.
+///
+/// [`ngx_command_t`]: https://nginx.org/en/docs/dev/development_guide.html#config_directives
+#[macro_export]
+macro_rules! ngx_null_command {
+    () => {
+        ngx_command_t {
+            name: $crate::ngx_null_string!(),
+            type_: 0,
+            set: None,
+            conf: 0,
+            offset: 0,
+            post: ::std::ptr::null_mut(),
+        }
+    };
+}
+
+/// Static empty configuration variable initializer for [`ngx_http_variable_t`].
+///
+/// This is typically used to terminate an array of HTTP variable types.
+///
+/// [`ngx_http_variable_t`]: https://nginx.org/en/docs/dev/development_guide.html#http_variables
+#[macro_export]
+macro_rules! ngx_http_null_variable {
+    () => {
+        ngx_http_variable_t {
+            name: $crate::ngx_null_string!(),
+            set_handler: None,
+            get_handler: None,
+            data: 0,
+            flags: 0,
+            index: 0,
+        }
+    };
+}
+
+/// Static empty configuration variable initializer for [`ngx_stream_variable_t`].
+///
+/// This is typically used to terminate an array of Stream variable types.
+///
+/// [`ngx_stream_variable_t`]: TODO: find appropriate link
+#[macro_export]
+macro_rules! ngx_stream_null_variable {
+    () => {
+        ngx_stream_variable_t {
+            name: $crate::ngx_null_string!(),
+            set_handler: None,
+            get_handler: None,
+            data: 0,
+            flags: 0,
+            index: 0,
+        }
+    };
+}
diff --git a/src/core/pool.rs b/src/core/pool.rs
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..21f9aa9
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/core/pool.rs
@@ -0,0 +1,101 @@
+use crate::core::buffer::{Buffer, MemoryBuffer, TemporaryBuffer};
+use crate::ffi::*;
+
+use std::os::raw::c_void;
+use std::{mem, ptr};
+
+pub struct Pool(*mut ngx_pool_t);
+
+impl Pool {
+    /// # Safety
+    ///
+    /// The caller has provided a valid `ngx_pool_t` that points to valid memory and is non-null.
+    /// A null argument will assert and panic.
+    pub unsafe fn from_ngx_pool(pool: *mut ngx_pool_t) -> Pool {
+        assert!(!pool.is_null());
+        Pool(pool)
+    }
+
+    pub fn create_buffer(&mut self, size: usize) -> Option<TemporaryBuffer> {
+        let buf = unsafe { ngx_create_temp_buf(self.0, size) };
+        if buf.is_null() {
+            return None;
+        }
+
+        Some(TemporaryBuffer::from_ngx_buf(buf))
+    }
+
+    pub fn create_buffer_from_str(&mut self, str: &str) -> Option<TemporaryBuffer> {
+        let mut buffer = self.create_buffer(str.len())?;
+        unsafe {
+            let mut buf = buffer.as_ngx_buf_mut();
+            ptr::copy_nonoverlapping(str.as_ptr(), (*buf).pos, str.len());
+            (*buf).last = (*buf).pos.add(str.len());
+        }
+        Some(buffer)
+    }
+
+    pub fn create_buffer_from_static_str(&mut self, str: &'static str) -> Option<MemoryBuffer> {
+        let buf = self.calloc_type::<ngx_buf_t>();
+        if buf.is_null() {
+            return None;
+        }
+
+        // We cast away const, but buffers with the memory flag are read-only
+        let start = str.as_ptr() as *mut u8;
+        let end = unsafe { start.add(str.len()) };
+
+        unsafe {
+            (*buf).start = start;
+            (*buf).pos = start;
+            (*buf).last = end;
+            (*buf).end = end;
+            (*buf).set_memory(1);
+        }
+
+        Some(MemoryBuffer::from_ngx_buf(buf))
+    }
+
+    unsafe fn add_cleanup_for_value<T>(&mut self, value: *mut T) -> Result<(), ()> {
+        let cln = ngx_pool_cleanup_add(self.0, 0);
+        if cln.is_null() {
+            return Err(());
+        }
+        (*cln).handler = Some(cleanup_type::<T>);
+        (*cln).data = value as *mut c_void;
+
+        Ok(())
+    }
+
+    pub fn alloc(&mut self, size: usize) -> *mut c_void {
+        unsafe { ngx_palloc(self.0, size) }
+    }
+
+    pub fn alloc_type<T: Copy>(&mut self) -> *mut T {
+        self.alloc(mem::size_of::<T>()) as *mut T
+    }
+
+    pub fn calloc(&mut self, size: usize) -> *mut c_void {
+        unsafe { ngx_pcalloc(self.0, size) }
+    }
+
+    pub fn calloc_type<T: Copy>(&mut self) -> *mut T {
+        self.calloc(mem::size_of::<T>()) as *mut T
+    }
+
+    pub fn allocate<T>(&mut self, value: T) -> *mut T {
+        unsafe {
+            let p = self.alloc(mem::size_of::<T>()) as *mut T;
+            ptr::write(p, value);
+            if self.add_cleanup_for_value(p).is_err() {
+                ptr::drop_in_place(p);
+                return ptr::null_mut();
+            };
+            p
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+unsafe extern "C" fn cleanup_type<T>(data: *mut c_void) {
+    ptr::drop_in_place(data as *mut T);
+}
diff --git a/src/core/status.rs b/src/core/status.rs
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..3b614d2
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/core/status.rs
@@ -0,0 +1,52 @@
+use crate::ffi::*;
+use std::fmt;
+
+#[derive(Ord, PartialOrd, Eq, PartialEq)]
+pub struct Status(pub ngx_int_t);
+
+impl Status {
+    pub fn is_ok(&self) -> bool {
+        self == &Status::NGX_OK
+    }
+}
+
+impl fmt::Debug for Status {
+    fn fmt(&self, f: &mut fmt::Formatter) -> fmt::Result {
+        fmt::Debug::fmt(&self.0, f)
+    }
+}
+
+impl From<Status> for ngx_int_t {
+    fn from(val: Status) -> Self {
+        val.0
+    }
+}
+
+macro_rules! ngx_codes {
+    (
+        $(
+            $(#[$docs:meta])*
+            ($konst:ident);
+        )+
+    ) => {
+        impl Status {
+        $(
+            $(#[$docs])*
+            pub const $konst: Status = Status($konst as ngx_int_t);
+        )+
+
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+ngx_codes! {
+    (NGX_OK);
+    (NGX_ERROR);
+    (NGX_AGAIN);
+    (NGX_BUSY);
+    (NGX_DONE);
+    (NGX_DECLINED);
+    (NGX_ABORT);
+}
+pub const NGX_CONF_ERROR: *const () = -1isize as *const ();
+// pub const CONF_OK: Status = Status(NGX_CONF_OK as ngx_int_t);
diff --git a/src/core/string.rs b/src/core/string.rs
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..55ee5a7
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/core/string.rs
@@ -0,0 +1,101 @@
+use crate::ffi::*;
+
+use std::borrow::Cow;
+use std::slice;
+use std::str::{self, Utf8Error};
+
+/// Static string initializer for [`ngx_str_t`].
+///
+/// The resulting byte string is always nul-terminated (just like a C string).
+///
+/// [`ngx_str_t`]: https://nginx.org/en/docs/dev/development_guide.html#string_overview
+#[macro_export]
+macro_rules! ngx_string {
+    ($s:expr) => {{
+        $crate::ffi::ngx_str_t {
+            len: $s.len() as _,
+            data: concat!($s, "\0").as_ptr() as *mut u8,
+        }
+    }};
+}
+
+/// Static empty string initializer for [`ngx_str_t`].
+///
+/// [`ngx_str_t`]: https://nginx.org/en/docs/dev/development_guide.html#string_overview
+#[macro_export]
+macro_rules! ngx_null_string {
+    () => {
+        $crate::ffi::ngx_str_t {
+            len: 0,
+            data: ::std::ptr::null_mut(),
+        }
+    };
+}
+
+/// Representation of a borrowed [Nginx string].
+///
+/// [Nginx string]: https://nginx.org/en/docs/dev/development_guide.html#string_overview
+pub struct NgxStr([u_char]);
+
+impl NgxStr {
+    /// Create an [`NgxStr`] from an [`ngx_str_t`].
+    ///
+    /// [`ngx_str_t`]: https://nginx.org/en/docs/dev/development_guide.html#string_overview
+    ///
+    /// # Safety
+    ///
+    /// The caller has provided a valid `ngx_str_t` with a `data` pointer that points
+    /// to range of bytes of at least `len` bytes, whose content remains valid and doesn't
+    /// change for the lifetime of the returned `NgxStr`.
+    pub unsafe fn from_ngx_str<'a>(str: ngx_str_t) -> &'a NgxStr {
+        slice::from_raw_parts(str.data, str.len).into()
+    }
+
+    /// Access the [`NgxStr`] as a byte slice.
+    pub fn as_bytes(&self) -> &[u8] {
+        &self.0
+    }
+
+    /// Yields a `&str` slice if the [`NgxStr`] contains valid UTF-8.
+    pub fn to_str(&self) -> Result<&str, Utf8Error> {
+        str::from_utf8(self.as_bytes())
+    }
+
+    /// Converts an [`NgxStr`] into a [`Cow<str>`], replacing invalid UTF-8 sequences.
+    ///
+    /// See [`String::from_utf8_lossy`].
+    pub fn to_string_lossy(&self) -> Cow<str> {
+        String::from_utf8_lossy(self.as_bytes())
+    }
+
+    /// Returns `true` if the [`NgxStr`] is empty, otherwise `false`.
+    pub fn is_empty(&self) -> bool {
+        self.0.is_empty()
+    }
+}
+
+impl From<&[u8]> for &NgxStr {
+    fn from(bytes: &[u8]) -> Self {
+        // SAFETY: An `NgxStr` is identical to a `[u8]` slice, given `u_char` is an alias for `u8`.
+        unsafe { &*(bytes as *const [u8] as *const NgxStr) }
+    }
+}
+
+impl From<&str> for &NgxStr {
+    fn from(s: &str) -> Self {
+        s.as_bytes().into()
+    }
+}
+
+impl AsRef<[u8]> for NgxStr {
+    fn as_ref(&self) -> &[u8] {
+        self.as_bytes()
+    }
+}
+
+impl Default for &NgxStr {
+    fn default() -> Self {
+        // SAFETY: The null `ngx_str_t` is always a valid Nginx string.
+        unsafe { NgxStr::from_ngx_str(ngx_null_string!()) }
+    }
+}
diff --git a/src/ffi/mod.rs b/src/ffi/mod.rs
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..887a73e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/ffi/mod.rs
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+pub use nginx_sys::*;
diff --git a/src/http/conf.rs b/src/http/conf.rs
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..4761bb0
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/http/conf.rs
@@ -0,0 +1,33 @@
+use crate::ffi::*;
+
+use std::os::raw::c_void;
+
+/// # Safety
+///
+/// The caller has provided a valid `ngx_conf_t` that points to valid memory and is non-null.
+pub unsafe fn ngx_http_conf_get_module_main_conf(
+    cf: *mut ngx_conf_t,
+    module: &ngx_module_t,
+) -> *mut ngx_http_core_main_conf_t {
+    let http_conf_ctx = (*cf).ctx as *mut ngx_http_conf_ctx_t;
+    *(*http_conf_ctx).main_conf.add(module.ctx_index) as *mut ngx_http_core_main_conf_t
+}
+
+/// # Safety
+///
+/// The caller has provided a valid `ngx_conf_t` that points to valid memory and is non-null.
+pub unsafe fn ngx_http_conf_get_module_srv_conf(cf: *mut ngx_conf_t, module: &ngx_module_t) -> *mut c_void {
+    let http_conf_ctx = (*cf).ctx as *mut ngx_http_conf_ctx_t;
+    *(*http_conf_ctx).srv_conf.add(module.ctx_index)
+}
+
+/// # Safety
+///
+/// The caller has provided a valid `ngx_conf_t` that points to valid memory and is non-null.
+pub unsafe fn ngx_http_conf_get_module_loc_conf(
+    cf: *mut ngx_conf_t,
+    module: &ngx_module_t,
+) -> *mut ngx_http_core_loc_conf_t {
+    let http_conf_ctx = (*cf).ctx as *mut ngx_http_conf_ctx_t;
+    *(*http_conf_ctx).loc_conf.add(module.ctx_index) as *mut ngx_http_core_loc_conf_t
+}
diff --git a/src/http/mod.rs b/src/http/mod.rs
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..230ce0b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/http/mod.rs
@@ -0,0 +1,9 @@
+mod conf;
+mod module;
+mod request;
+mod status;
+
+pub use conf::*;
+pub use module::*;
+pub use request::*;
+pub use status::*;
diff --git a/src/http/module.rs b/src/http/module.rs
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..62167dd
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/http/module.rs
@@ -0,0 +1,115 @@
+use crate::core::NGX_CONF_ERROR;
+use crate::core::*;
+use crate::ffi::*;
+
+use core::ptr;
+use std::os::raw::{c_char, c_void};
+
+#[derive(Debug)]
+pub enum MergeConfigError {
+    /// No value provided for configuration argument
+    NoValue,
+}
+
+impl std::error::Error for MergeConfigError {}
+
+impl std::fmt::Display for MergeConfigError {
+    fn fmt(&self, fmt: &mut std::fmt::Formatter) -> std::fmt::Result {
+        match self {
+            MergeConfigError::NoValue => "no value".fmt(fmt),
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+pub trait Merge {
+    fn merge(&mut self, prev: &Self) -> Result<(), MergeConfigError>;
+}
+
+impl Merge for () {
+    fn merge(&mut self, _prev: &Self) -> Result<(), MergeConfigError> {
+        Ok(())
+    }
+}
+
+pub trait HTTPModule {
+    type MainConf: Merge + Default;
+    type SrvConf: Merge + Default;
+    type LocConf: Merge + Default;
+
+    /// # Safety
+    ///
+    /// Callers should provide valid non-null `ngx_conf_t` arguments. Implementers must
+    /// guard against null inputs or risk runtime errors.
+    unsafe extern "C" fn preconfiguration(_cf: *mut ngx_conf_t) -> ngx_int_t {
+        Status::NGX_OK.into()
+    }
+
+    /// # Safety
+    ///
+    /// Callers should provide valid non-null `ngx_conf_t` arguments. Implementers must
+    /// guard against null inputs or risk runtime errors.
+    unsafe extern "C" fn postconfiguration(_cf: *mut ngx_conf_t) -> ngx_int_t {
+        Status::NGX_OK.into()
+    }
+
+    /// # Safety
+    ///
+    /// Callers should provide valid non-null `ngx_conf_t` arguments. Implementers must
+    /// guard against null inputs or risk runtime errors.
+    unsafe extern "C" fn create_main_conf(cf: *mut ngx_conf_t) -> *mut c_void {
+        let mut pool = Pool::from_ngx_pool((*cf).pool);
+        pool.allocate::<Self::MainConf>(Default::default()) as *mut c_void
+    }
+
+    /// # Safety
+    ///
+    /// Callers should provide valid non-null `ngx_conf_t` arguments. Implementers must
+    /// guard against null inputs or risk runtime errors.
+    unsafe extern "C" fn init_main_conf(_cf: *mut ngx_conf_t, _conf: *mut c_void) -> *mut c_char {
+        ptr::null_mut()
+    }
+
+    /// # Safety
+    ///
+    /// Callers should provide valid non-null `ngx_conf_t` arguments. Implementers must
+    /// guard against null inputs or risk runtime errors.
+    unsafe extern "C" fn create_srv_conf(cf: *mut ngx_conf_t) -> *mut c_void {
+        let mut pool = Pool::from_ngx_pool((*cf).pool);
+        pool.allocate::<Self::SrvConf>(Default::default()) as *mut c_void
+    }
+
+    /// # Safety
+    ///
+    /// Callers should provide valid non-null `ngx_conf_t` arguments. Implementers must
+    /// guard against null inputs or risk runtime errors.
+    unsafe extern "C" fn merge_srv_conf(_cf: *mut ngx_conf_t, prev: *mut c_void, conf: *mut c_void) -> *mut c_char {
+        let prev = &mut *(prev as *mut Self::SrvConf);
+        let conf = &mut *(conf as *mut Self::SrvConf);
+        match conf.merge(prev) {
+            Ok(_) => ptr::null_mut(),
+            Err(_) => NGX_CONF_ERROR as _,
+        }
+    }
+
+    /// # Safety
+    ///
+    /// Callers should provide valid non-null `ngx_conf_t` arguments. Implementers must
+    /// guard against null inputs or risk runtime errors.
+    unsafe extern "C" fn create_loc_conf(cf: *mut ngx_conf_t) -> *mut c_void {
+        let mut pool = Pool::from_ngx_pool((*cf).pool);
+        pool.allocate::<Self::LocConf>(Default::default()) as *mut c_void
+    }
+
+    /// # Safety
+    ///
+    /// Callers should provide valid non-null `ngx_conf_t` arguments. Implementers must
+    /// guard against null inputs or risk runtime errors.
+    unsafe extern "C" fn merge_loc_conf(_cf: *mut ngx_conf_t, prev: *mut c_void, conf: *mut c_void) -> *mut c_char {
+        let prev = &mut *(prev as *mut Self::LocConf);
+        let conf = &mut *(conf as *mut Self::LocConf);
+        match conf.merge(prev) {
+            Ok(_) => ptr::null_mut(),
+            Err(_) => NGX_CONF_ERROR as _,
+        }
+    }
+}
diff --git a/src/http/request.rs b/src/http/request.rs
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..b07bba2
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/http/request.rs
@@ -0,0 +1,646 @@
+use crate::core::*;
+use crate::ffi::*;
+use crate::http::status::*;
+use crate::ngx_null_string;
+use std::fmt;
+use std::os::raw::c_void;
+
+use std::error::Error;
+use std::str::FromStr;
+
+/// Define a static request handler.
+///
+/// Handlers are expected to take a single [`Request`] argument and return a [`Status`].
+#[macro_export]
+macro_rules! http_request_handler {
+    ( $name: ident, $handler: expr ) => {
+        #[no_mangle]
+        extern "C" fn $name(r: *mut ngx_http_request_t) -> ngx_int_t {
+            let status: Status = $handler(unsafe { &mut $crate::http::Request::from_ngx_http_request(r) });
+            status.0
+        }
+    };
+}
+
+/// Define a static post subrequest handler.
+///
+/// Handlers are expected to take a single [`Request`] argument and return a [`Status`].
+#[macro_export]
+macro_rules! http_subrequest_handler {
+    ( $name: ident, $handler: expr ) => {
+        #[no_mangle]
+        unsafe extern "C" fn $name(r: *mut ngx_http_request_t, data: *mut c_void, rc: ngx_int_t) -> ngx_int_t {
+            $handler(r, data, rc)
+        }
+    };
+}
+
+/// Define a static variable setter.
+///
+/// The set handler allows setting the property referenced by the variable.
+/// The set handler expects a [`Request`], [`mut ngx_variable_valut_t`], and a [`usize`].
+/// Variables: https://nginx.org/en/docs/dev/development_guide.html#http_variables
+#[macro_export]
+macro_rules! http_variable_set {
+    ( $name: ident, $handler: expr ) => {
+        #[no_mangle]
+        unsafe extern "C" fn $name(r: *mut ngx_http_request_t, v: *mut ngx_variable_value_t, data: usize) {
+            $handler(
+                unsafe { &mut $crate::http::Request::from_ngx_http_request(r) },
+                v,
+                data,
+            );
+        }
+    };
+}
+
+/// Define a static variable evaluator.
+///
+/// The get handler is responsible for evaluating a variable in the context of a specific request.
+/// Variable evaluators accept a [`Request`] input argument and two output
+/// arguments: [`ngx_http_variable_valut_t`] and [`usize`].
+/// Variables: https://nginx.org/en/docs/dev/development_guide.html#http_variables
+#[macro_export]
+macro_rules! http_variable_get {
+    ( $name: ident, $handler: expr ) => {
+        #[no_mangle]
+        unsafe extern "C" fn $name(r: *mut ngx_http_request_t, v: *mut ngx_variable_value_t, data: usize) -> ngx_int_t {
+            let status: Status = $handler(
+                unsafe { &mut $crate::http::Request::from_ngx_http_request(r) },
+                v,
+                data,
+            );
+            status.0
+        }
+    };
+}
+
+#[repr(transparent)]
+pub struct Request(ngx_http_request_t);
+
+impl Request {
+    /// Create a [`Request`] from an [`ngx_http_request_t`].
+    ///
+    /// [`ngx_http_request_t`]: https://nginx.org/en/docs/dev/development_guide.html#http_request
+    ///
+    /// # Safety
+    ///
+    /// The caller has provided a valid non-null pointer to a valid `ngx_http_request_t`
+    /// which shares the same representation as `Request`.
+    pub unsafe fn from_ngx_http_request<'a>(r: *mut ngx_http_request_t) -> &'a mut Request {
+        &mut *r.cast::<Request>()
+    }
+
+    /// Is this the main request (as opposed to a subrequest)?
+    pub fn is_main(&self) -> bool {
+        let main = self.0.main.cast();
+        std::ptr::eq(self, main)
+    }
+
+    /// Request pool.
+    pub fn pool(&self) -> Pool {
+        // SAFETY: This request is allocated from `pool`, thus must be a valid pool.
+        unsafe { Pool::from_ngx_pool(self.0.pool) }
+    }
+
+    /// Pointer to a [`ngx_connection_t`] client connection object.
+    ///
+    /// [`ngx_connection_t`]: https://nginx.org/en/docs/dev/development_guide.html#connection
+    pub fn connection(&self) -> *mut ngx_connection_t {
+        self.0.connection
+    }
+
+    pub fn log(&self) -> *mut ngx_log_t {
+        unsafe { (*self.connection()).log }
+    }
+
+    /// Module location configuration.
+    fn get_module_loc_conf_ptr(&self, module: &ngx_module_t) -> *mut c_void {
+        unsafe { *self.0.loc_conf.add(module.ctx_index) }
+    }
+
+    /// Module location configuration.
+    pub fn get_module_loc_conf<T>(&self, module: &ngx_module_t) -> Option<&T> {
+        let lc_prt = self.get_module_loc_conf_ptr(module) as *mut T;
+        if lc_prt.is_null() {
+            return None;
+        }
+        let lc = unsafe { &*lc_prt };
+        Some(lc)
+    }
+
+    /// Get Module context pointer
+    fn get_module_ctx_ptr(&self, module: &ngx_module_t) -> *mut c_void {
+        unsafe { *self.0.ctx.add(module.ctx_index) }
+    }
+
+    /// Get Module context
+    pub fn get_module_ctx<T>(&self, module: &ngx_module_t) -> Option<&T> {
+        let cf = self.get_module_ctx_ptr(module) as *mut T;
+
+        if cf.is_null() {
+            return None;
+        }
+        let co = unsafe { &*cf };
+        Some(co)
+    }
+
+    pub fn set_module_ctx(&self, value: *mut c_void, module: &ngx_module_t) {
+        unsafe {
+            *self.0.ctx.add(module.ctx_index) = value;
+        };
+    }
+
+    /// Get the value of a [complex value].
+    ///
+    /// [complex value]: https://nginx.org/en/docs/dev/development_guide.html#http_complex_values
+    pub fn get_complex_value(&self, cv: &ngx_http_complex_value_t) -> Option<&NgxStr> {
+        let r = (self as *const Request as *mut Request).cast();
+        let val = cv as *const ngx_http_complex_value_t as *mut ngx_http_complex_value_t;
+        // SAFETY: `ngx_http_complex_value` does not mutate `r` or `val` and guarentees that
+        // a valid Nginx string is stored in `value` if it successfully returns.
+        unsafe {
+            let mut value = ngx_null_string!();
+            if ngx_http_complex_value(r, val, &mut value) != NGX_OK as ngx_int_t {
+                return None;
+            }
+            Some(NgxStr::from_ngx_str(value))
+        }
+    }
+
+    /// Discard (read and ignore) the [request body].
+    ///
+    /// [request body]: https://nginx.org/en/docs/dev/development_guide.html#http_request_body
+    pub fn discard_request_body(&mut self) -> Status {
+        unsafe { Status(ngx_http_discard_request_body(&mut self.0)) }
+    }
+
+    /// Client HTTP [User-Agent].
+    ///
+    /// [User-Agent]: https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/HTTP/Headers/User-Agent
+    pub fn user_agent(&self) -> &NgxStr {
+        unsafe { NgxStr::from_ngx_str((*self.0.headers_in.user_agent).value) }
+    }
+
+    /// Set HTTP status of response.
+    pub fn set_status(&mut self, status: HTTPStatus) {
+        self.0.headers_out.status = status.into();
+    }
+
+    pub fn add_header_in(&mut self, key: &str, value: &str) -> Option<()> {
+        let table: *mut ngx_table_elt_t = unsafe { ngx_list_push(&mut self.0.headers_in.headers) as _ };
+        add_to_ngx_table(table, self.0.pool, key, value)
+    }
+
+    pub fn add_header_out(&mut self, key: &str, value: &str) -> Option<()> {
+        let table: *mut ngx_table_elt_t = unsafe { ngx_list_push(&mut self.0.headers_out.headers) as _ };
+        add_to_ngx_table(table, self.0.pool, key, value)
+    }
+
+    /// Set response body [Content-Length].
+    ///
+    /// [Content-Length]: https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/HTTP/Headers/Content-Length
+    pub fn set_content_length_n(&mut self, n: usize) {
+        self.0.headers_out.content_length_n = n as off_t;
+    }
+
+    /// Send the output header.
+    ///
+    /// Do not call this function until all output headers are set.
+    pub fn send_header(&mut self) -> Status {
+        unsafe { Status(ngx_http_send_header(&mut self.0)) }
+    }
+
+    /// Flag indicating that the output does not require a body.
+    ///
+    /// For example, this flag is used by `HTTP HEAD` requests.
+    pub fn header_only(&self) -> bool {
+        self.0.header_only() != 0
+    }
+
+    /// request method
+    pub fn method(&self) -> Method {
+        Method::from_ngx(self.0.method)
+    }
+
+    /// path part of request only
+    pub fn path(&self) -> &NgxStr {
+        unsafe { NgxStr::from_ngx_str(self.0.uri) }
+    }
+
+    /// full uri - containing path and args
+    pub fn unparsed_uri(&self) -> &NgxStr {
+        unsafe { NgxStr::from_ngx_str(self.0.unparsed_uri) }
+    }
+
+    /// Send the [response body].
+    ///
+    /// This function can be called multiple times.
+    /// Set the `last_buf` flag in the last body buffer.
+    ///
+    /// [response body]: https://nginx.org/en/docs/dev/development_guide.html#http_request_body
+    pub fn output_filter(&mut self, body: &mut ngx_chain_t) -> Status {
+        unsafe { Status(ngx_http_output_filter(&mut self.0, body)) }
+    }
+
+    /// Perform internal redirect to a location
+    pub fn internal_redirect(&self, location: &str) -> Status {
+        assert!(!location.is_empty(), "uri location is empty");
+        let uri_ptr = &mut ngx_str_t::from_str(self.0.pool, location) as *mut _;
+
+        // FIXME: check status of ngx_http_named_location or ngx_http_internal_redirect
+        if location.starts_with('@') {
+            unsafe {
+                ngx_http_named_location((self as *const Request as *mut Request).cast(), uri_ptr);
+            }
+        } else {
+            unsafe {
+                ngx_http_internal_redirect(
+                    (self as *const Request as *mut Request).cast(),
+                    uri_ptr,
+                    std::ptr::null_mut(),
+                );
+            }
+        }
+        Status::NGX_DONE
+    }
+
+    /// Send a subrequest
+    pub fn subrequest(
+        &self,
+        uri: &str,
+        module: &ngx_module_t,
+        post_callback: unsafe extern "C" fn(*mut ngx_http_request_t, *mut c_void, ngx_int_t) -> ngx_int_t,
+    ) -> Status {
+        let uri_ptr = &mut ngx_str_t::from_str(self.0.pool, uri) as *mut _;
+        // -------------
+        // allocate memory and set values for ngx_http_post_subrequest_t
+        let sub_ptr = self.pool().alloc(std::mem::size_of::<ngx_http_post_subrequest_t>());
+
+        // assert!(sub_ptr.is_null());
+        let post_subreq = sub_ptr as *const ngx_http_post_subrequest_t as *mut ngx_http_post_subrequest_t;
+        unsafe {
+            (*post_subreq).handler = Some(post_callback);
+            (*post_subreq).data = self.get_module_ctx_ptr(module); // WARN: safety! ensure that ctx is already set
+        }
+        // -------------
+
+        let mut psr: *mut ngx_http_request_t = std::ptr::null_mut();
+        let r = unsafe {
+            ngx_http_subrequest(
+                (self as *const Request as *mut Request).cast(),
+                uri_ptr,
+                std::ptr::null_mut(),
+                &mut psr as *mut _,
+                sub_ptr as *mut _,
+                NGX_HTTP_SUBREQUEST_WAITED as _,
+            )
+        };
+
+        // previously call of ngx_http_subrequest() would ensure that the pointer is not null anymore
+        let mut sr = unsafe { &mut *psr };
+
+        /*
+         * allocate fake request body to avoid attempts to read it and to make
+         * sure real body file (if already read) won't be closed by upstream
+         */
+        sr.request_body = self.pool().alloc(std::mem::size_of::<ngx_http_request_body_t>()) as *mut _;
+
+        if sr.request_body.is_null() {
+            return Status::NGX_ERROR;
+        }
+        sr.set_header_only(1 as _);
+        Status(r)
+    }
+
+    /// Iterate over headers_in
+    /// each header item is (String, String) (copied)
+    pub fn headers_in_iterator(&self) -> NgxListIterator {
+        unsafe { list_iterator(&self.0.headers_in.headers) }
+    }
+
+    /// Iterate over headers_out
+    /// each header item is (String, String) (copied)
+    pub fn headers_out_iterator(&self) -> NgxListIterator {
+        unsafe { list_iterator(&self.0.headers_out.headers) }
+    }
+}
+
+// trait OnSubRequestDone {
+
+// }
+
+impl fmt::Debug for Request {
+    fn fmt(&self, f: &mut fmt::Formatter<'_>) -> fmt::Result {
+        f.debug_struct("Request").field("request_", &self.0).finish()
+    }
+}
+
+pub struct NgxListIterator {
+    done: bool,
+    part: *const ngx_list_part_t,
+    h: *const ngx_table_elt_t,
+    i: ngx_uint_t,
+}
+
+// create new http request iterator
+/// # Safety
+///
+/// The caller has provided a valid `ngx_str_t` which can be dereferenced validly.
+pub unsafe fn list_iterator(list: *const ngx_list_t) -> NgxListIterator {
+    let part: *const ngx_list_part_t = &(*list).part;
+
+    NgxListIterator {
+        done: false,
+        part,
+        h: (*part).elts as *const ngx_table_elt_t,
+        i: 0,
+    }
+}
+
+// iterator for ngx_list_t
+impl Iterator for NgxListIterator {
+    // type Item = (&str,&str);
+    // TODO: try to use str instead of string
+    // something like pub struct Header(ngx_table_elt_t);
+    // then header would have key and value
+
+    type Item = (String, String);
+
+    fn next(&mut self) -> Option<Self::Item> {
+        unsafe {
+            if self.done {
+                None
+            } else {
+                if self.i >= (*self.part).nelts {
+                    if (*self.part).next.is_null() {
+                        self.done = true;
+                        return None;
+                    }
+
+                    // loop back
+                    self.part = (*self.part).next;
+                    self.h = (*self.part).elts as *mut ngx_table_elt_t;
+                    self.i = 0;
+                }
+
+                let header: *const ngx_table_elt_t = self.h.add(self.i);
+                let header_name: ngx_str_t = (*header).key;
+                let header_value: ngx_str_t = (*header).value;
+                self.i += 1;
+                Some((header_name.to_string(), header_value.to_string()))
+            }
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+/// A possible error value when converting `Method`
+pub struct InvalidMethod {
+    _priv: (),
+}
+
+/// Request method verb
+#[derive(Clone, PartialEq, Eq, Hash)]
+pub struct Method(MethodInner);
+
+impl Method {
+    /// UNKNOWN
+    pub const UNKNOWN: Method = Method(MethodInner::Unknown);
+
+    /// GET
+    pub const GET: Method = Method(MethodInner::Get);
+
+    /// HEAD
+    pub const HEAD: Method = Method(MethodInner::Head);
+
+    /// POST
+    pub const POST: Method = Method(MethodInner::Post);
+
+    /// PUT
+    pub const PUT: Method = Method(MethodInner::Put);
+
+    /// DELETE
+    pub const DELETE: Method = Method(MethodInner::Delete);
+
+    /// MKCOL
+    pub const MKCOL: Method = Method(MethodInner::Mkcol);
+
+    /// COPY
+    pub const COPY: Method = Method(MethodInner::Copy);
+
+    /// MOVE
+    pub const MOVE: Method = Method(MethodInner::Move);
+
+    /// OPTIONS
+    pub const OPTIONS: Method = Method(MethodInner::Options);
+
+    /// PROPFIND
+    pub const PROPFIND: Method = Method(MethodInner::Propfind);
+
+    /// PROPPATCH
+    pub const PROPPATCH: Method = Method(MethodInner::Proppatch);
+
+    /// LOCK
+    pub const LOCK: Method = Method(MethodInner::Lock);
+
+    /// UNLOCK
+    pub const UNLOCK: Method = Method(MethodInner::Unlock);
+
+    /// PATCH
+    pub const PATCH: Method = Method(MethodInner::Patch);
+
+    /// TRACE
+    pub const TRACE: Method = Method(MethodInner::Trace);
+
+    /// CONNECT
+    pub const CONNECT: Method = Method(MethodInner::Connect);
+
+    #[inline]
+    pub fn as_str(&self) -> &str {
+        match self.0 {
+            MethodInner::Unknown => "UNKNOWN",
+            MethodInner::Get => "GET",
+            MethodInner::Head => "HEAD",
+            MethodInner::Post => "POST",
+            MethodInner::Put => "PUT",
+            MethodInner::Delete => "DELETE",
+            MethodInner::Mkcol => "MKCOL",
+            MethodInner::Copy => "COPY",
+            MethodInner::Move => "MOVE",
+            MethodInner::Options => "OPTIONS",
+            MethodInner::Propfind => "PROPFIND",
+            MethodInner::Proppatch => "PROPPATCH",
+            MethodInner::Lock => "LOCK",
+            MethodInner::Unlock => "UNLOCK",
+            MethodInner::Patch => "PATCH",
+            MethodInner::Trace => "TRACE",
+            MethodInner::Connect => "CONNECT",
+        }
+    }
+
+    fn from_bytes(_t: &[u8]) -> Result<Method, InvalidMethod> {
+        todo!()
+    }
+
+    fn from_ngx(t: ngx_uint_t) -> Method {
+        let t = t as _;
+        match t {
+            NGX_HTTP_GET => Method(MethodInner::Get),
+            NGX_HTTP_HEAD => Method(MethodInner::Head),
+            NGX_HTTP_POST => Method(MethodInner::Post),
+            NGX_HTTP_PUT => Method(MethodInner::Put),
+            NGX_HTTP_DELETE => Method(MethodInner::Delete),
+            NGX_HTTP_MKCOL => Method(MethodInner::Mkcol),
+            NGX_HTTP_COPY => Method(MethodInner::Copy),
+            NGX_HTTP_MOVE => Method(MethodInner::Move),
+            NGX_HTTP_OPTIONS => Method(MethodInner::Options),
+            NGX_HTTP_PROPFIND => Method(MethodInner::Propfind),
+            NGX_HTTP_PROPPATCH => Method(MethodInner::Proppatch),
+            NGX_HTTP_LOCK => Method(MethodInner::Lock),
+            NGX_HTTP_UNLOCK => Method(MethodInner::Unlock),
+            NGX_HTTP_PATCH => Method(MethodInner::Patch),
+            NGX_HTTP_TRACE => Method(MethodInner::Trace),
+            NGX_HTTP_CONNECT => Method(MethodInner::Connect),
+            _ => Method(MethodInner::Unknown),
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+impl AsRef<str> for Method {
+    #[inline]
+    fn as_ref(&self) -> &str {
+        self.as_str()
+    }
+}
+
+impl<'a> PartialEq<&'a Method> for Method {
+    #[inline]
+    fn eq(&self, other: &&'a Method) -> bool {
+        self == *other
+    }
+}
+
+impl<'a> PartialEq<Method> for &'a Method {
+    #[inline]
+    fn eq(&self, other: &Method) -> bool {
+        *self == other
+    }
+}
+
+impl PartialEq<str> for Method {
+    #[inline]
+    fn eq(&self, other: &str) -> bool {
+        self.as_ref() == other
+    }
+}
+
+impl PartialEq<Method> for str {
+    #[inline]
+    fn eq(&self, other: &Method) -> bool {
+        self == other.as_ref()
+    }
+}
+
+impl<'a> PartialEq<&'a str> for Method {
+    #[inline]
+    fn eq(&self, other: &&'a str) -> bool {
+        self.as_ref() == *other
+    }
+}
+
+impl<'a> PartialEq<Method> for &'a str {
+    #[inline]
+    fn eq(&self, other: &Method) -> bool {
+        *self == other.as_ref()
+    }
+}
+
+impl fmt::Debug for Method {
+    fn fmt(&self, f: &mut fmt::Formatter<'_>) -> fmt::Result {
+        f.write_str(self.as_ref())
+    }
+}
+
+impl fmt::Display for Method {
+    fn fmt(&self, fmt: &mut fmt::Formatter<'_>) -> fmt::Result {
+        fmt.write_str(self.as_ref())
+    }
+}
+
+impl<'a> From<&'a Method> for Method {
+    #[inline]
+    fn from(t: &'a Method) -> Self {
+        t.clone()
+    }
+}
+
+impl<'a> TryFrom<&'a [u8]> for Method {
+    type Error = InvalidMethod;
+
+    #[inline]
+    fn try_from(t: &'a [u8]) -> Result<Self, Self::Error> {
+        Method::from_bytes(t)
+    }
+}
+
+impl<'a> TryFrom<&'a str> for Method {
+    type Error = InvalidMethod;
+
+    #[inline]
+    fn try_from(t: &'a str) -> Result<Self, Self::Error> {
+        TryFrom::try_from(t.as_bytes())
+    }
+}
+
+impl FromStr for Method {
+    type Err = InvalidMethod;
+
+    #[inline]
+    fn from_str(t: &str) -> Result<Self, Self::Err> {
+        TryFrom::try_from(t)
+    }
+}
+
+impl InvalidMethod {
+    #[allow(dead_code)]
+    fn new() -> InvalidMethod {
+        InvalidMethod { _priv: () }
+    }
+}
+
+impl fmt::Debug for InvalidMethod {
+    fn fmt(&self, f: &mut fmt::Formatter) -> fmt::Result {
+        f.debug_struct("InvalidMethod")
+            // skip _priv noise
+            .finish()
+    }
+}
+
+impl fmt::Display for InvalidMethod {
+    fn fmt(&self, f: &mut fmt::Formatter<'_>) -> fmt::Result {
+        f.write_str("invalid HTTP method")
+    }
+}
+
+impl Error for InvalidMethod {}
+
+#[derive(Clone, PartialEq, Eq, Hash)]
+enum MethodInner {
+    Unknown,
+    Get,
+    Head,
+    Post,
+    Put,
+    Delete,
+    Mkcol,
+    Copy,
+    Move,
+    Options,
+    Propfind,
+    Proppatch,
+    Lock,
+    Unlock,
+    Patch,
+    Trace,
+    Connect,
+}
diff --git a/src/http/status.rs b/src/http/status.rs
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..5aa3c11
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/http/status.rs
@@ -0,0 +1,200 @@
+use crate::core::Status;
+use crate::ffi::*;
+use std::error::Error;
+use std::fmt;
+
+#[derive(Clone, Copy, PartialEq, Eq, PartialOrd, Ord, Hash)]
+pub struct HTTPStatus(pub ngx_uint_t);
+
+/// A possible error value when converting a `HTTPStatus` from a `u16` or `&str`
+///
+/// This error indicates that the supplied input was not a valid number, was less
+/// than 100, or was greater than 599.
+#[derive(Debug)]
+pub struct InvalidHTTPStatusCode {
+    _priv: (),
+}
+
+impl InvalidHTTPStatusCode {
+    fn new() -> InvalidHTTPStatusCode {
+        InvalidHTTPStatusCode { _priv: () }
+    }
+}
+
+impl fmt::Display for InvalidHTTPStatusCode {
+    fn fmt(&self, f: &mut fmt::Formatter) -> fmt::Result {
+        f.write_str("invalid status code".to_string().as_str())
+    }
+}
+
+impl Error for InvalidHTTPStatusCode {}
+
+impl From<HTTPStatus> for Status {
+    fn from(val: HTTPStatus) -> Self {
+        Status(val.0 as ngx_int_t)
+    }
+}
+
+impl From<HTTPStatus> for ngx_uint_t {
+    fn from(val: HTTPStatus) -> Self {
+        val.0
+    }
+}
+
+impl fmt::Debug for HTTPStatus {
+    fn fmt(&self, f: &mut fmt::Formatter) -> fmt::Result {
+        fmt::Debug::fmt(&self.0, f)
+    }
+}
+
+impl HTTPStatus {
+    #[inline]
+    pub fn from_u16(src: u16) -> Result<HTTPStatus, InvalidHTTPStatusCode> {
+        if !(100..600).contains(&src) {
+            return Err(InvalidHTTPStatusCode::new());
+        }
+
+        Ok(HTTPStatus(src.into()))
+    }
+
+    /// Converts a &[u8] to a status code
+    pub fn from_bytes(src: &[u8]) -> Result<HTTPStatus, InvalidHTTPStatusCode> {
+        if src.len() != 3 {
+            return Err(InvalidHTTPStatusCode::new());
+        }
+
+        let a = src[0].wrapping_sub(b'0') as u16;
+        let b = src[1].wrapping_sub(b'0') as u16;
+        let c = src[2].wrapping_sub(b'0') as u16;
+
+        if a == 0 || a > 5 || b > 9 || c > 9 {
+            return Err(InvalidHTTPStatusCode::new());
+        }
+
+        let status = (a * 100) + (b * 10) + c;
+        Ok(HTTPStatus(status.into()))
+    }
+}
+
+macro_rules! http_status_codes {
+    (
+        $(
+            $(#[$docs:meta])*
+            ($num:expr, $konst:ident, $phrase:expr);
+        )+
+    ) => {
+        impl HTTPStatus {
+        $(
+            $(#[$docs])*
+            pub const $konst: HTTPStatus = HTTPStatus($num);
+        )+
+
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+http_status_codes! {
+    /// 100 CONTINUE
+    (100, CONTINUE, "Continue");
+    /// 101 SWITCHING_PROTOCOLS
+    (101, SWITCHING_PROTOCOLS, "Switching Protocols");
+    /// 102 PROCESSING
+    (102, PROCESSING, "Processing");
+    /// 200 OK
+    (200, OK, "OK");
+    /// 201 Created
+    (201, CREATED, "Created");
+    /// 202 Accepted
+    (202, ACCEPTED, "Accepted");
+    /// 204 No Content
+    (204, NO_CONTENT, "No Content");
+    /// 206 Partial Content
+    (206, PARTIAL_CONTENT, "Partial Content");
+
+    /// 300 SPECIAL_RESPONSE
+    (300, SPECIAL_RESPONSE, "SPECIAL_RESPONSE");
+    /// 301 Moved Permanently
+    (301, MOVED_PERMANENTLY, "Moved Permanently");
+    /// 302 Moved Temporarily
+    (302, MOVED_TEMPORARILY, "Moved Temporarily");
+    /// 303 See Other
+    (303, SEE_OTHER, "See Other");
+    /// 304 Not Modified
+    (304, NOT_MODIFIED, "Not Modified");
+    /// 307 Temporary Redirect
+    (307, TEMPORARY_REDIRECT, "Temporary Redirect");
+    /// 308 Permanent Redirect
+    (308, PERMANENT_REDIRECT, "Permanent Redirect");
+
+    /// 400 Bad Request
+    (400, BAD_REQUEST, "Bad Request");
+    /// 401 Unauthorized
+    (401, UNAUTHORIZED, "Unauthorized");
+    /// 403 Forbidden
+    (403, FORBIDDEN, "Forbidden");
+    /// 404 Not Found
+    (404, NOT_FOUND, "Not Found");
+    /// 405 Method Not Allowed
+    (405, NOT_ALLOWED, "Method Not Allowed");
+    /// 408 Request Time Out
+    (408, REQUEST_TIME_OUT, "Request Time Out");
+    /// 409 Conflict
+    (409, CONFLICT, "Conflict");
+    /// 411 Length Required
+    (411, LENGTH_REQUIRED, "Length Required");
+    /// 412 Precondition Failed
+    (412, PRECONDITION_FAILED, "Precondition Failed");
+    /// 413 Payload Too Large
+    (413, REQUEST_ENTITY_TOO_LARGE, "Payload Too Large");
+    /// 414 Request Uri Too Large
+    (414, REQUEST_URI_TOO_LARGE, "Request Uri Too Large");
+    /// 415 Unsupported Media Type
+    (415, UNSUPPORTED_MEDIA_TYPE, "Unsupported Media Type");
+    /// 416 Range Not Satisfiable
+    (416, RANGE_NOT_SATISFIABLE, "Range Not Satisfiable");
+    /// 421 Misdirected Request
+    (421, MISDIRECTED_REQUEST, "Misdirected Request");
+    /// 429 Too Many Requests
+    (429, TOO_MANY_REQUESTS, "Too Many Requests");
+
+    // /* Our own HTTP codes */
+    // /* The special code to close connection without any response */
+    /// 444 CLOSE
+    (444, CLOSE, "CLOSE");
+
+    /// 494 NGINX_CODES
+    (494, NGINX_CODES, "NGINX_CODES");
+
+    /// 494 REQUEST_HEADER_TOO_LARGE
+    (494, REQUEST_HEADER_TOO_LARGE, "REQUEST_HEADER_TOO_LARGE");
+
+    /// 495 NGX_HTTPS_CERT_ERROR
+    (495, HTTPS_CERT_ERROR, "NGX_HTTPS_CERT_ERROR");
+    /// 496 NGX_HTTPS_NO_CERT
+    (496, HTTPS_NO_CERT, "NGX_HTTPS_NO_CERT");
+
+    // /*
+    //  * We use the special code for the plain HTTP requests that are sent to
+    //  * HTTPS port to distinguish it from 4XX in an error page redirection
+    //  */
+    /// 497 TO_HTTPS
+    (497, TO_HTTPS, "TO_HTTPS");
+
+    /// 499 CLIENT_CLOSED_REQUEST
+    (499, CLIENT_CLOSED_REQUEST, "CLIENT_CLOSED_REQUEST");
+
+    /// 500 INTERNAL_SERVER_ERROR
+    (500, INTERNAL_SERVER_ERROR, "INTERNAL_SERVER_ERROR");
+    /// 501 NOT_IMPLEMENTED
+    (501, NOT_IMPLEMENTED, "NOT_IMPLEMENTED");
+    /// 502 BAD_GATEWAY
+    (502, BAD_GATEWAY, "BAD_GATEWAY");
+    /// 503 SERVICE_UNAVAILABLE
+    (503, SERVICE_UNAVAILABLE, "SERVICE_UNAVAILABLE");
+    /// 504 GATEWAY_TIME_OUT
+    (504, GATEWAY_TIME_OUT, "GATEWAY_TIME_OUT");
+    /// 505 VERSION_NOT_SUPPORTED
+    (505, VERSION_NOT_SUPPORTED, "VERSION_NOT_SUPPORTED");
+    /// 507 INSUFFICIENT_STORAGE
+    (507, INSUFFICIENT_STORAGE, "INSUFFICIENT_STORAGE");
+}
diff --git a/src/lib.rs b/src/lib.rs
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..821c19d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/lib.rs
@@ -0,0 +1,37 @@
+pub mod core;
+pub mod ffi;
+pub mod http;
+pub mod log;
+
+/// Define modules exported by this library.
+///
+/// These are normally generated by the Nginx module system, but need to be
+/// defined when building modules outside of it.
+#[macro_export]
+macro_rules! ngx_modules {
+    ($( $mod:ident ),+) => {
+        #[no_mangle]
+        pub static mut ngx_modules: [*const ngx_module_t; $crate::count!($( $mod, )+) + 1] = [
+            $( unsafe { &$mod } as *const ngx_module_t, )+
+            std::ptr::null()
+        ];
+
+        #[no_mangle]
+        pub static mut ngx_module_names: [*const c_char; $crate::count!($( $mod, )+) + 1] = [
+            $( concat!(stringify!($mod), "\0").as_ptr() as *const i8, )+
+            std::ptr::null()
+        ];
+
+        #[no_mangle]
+        pub static mut ngx_module_order: [*const c_char; 1] = [
+            std::ptr::null()
+        ];
+    };
+}
+
+/// Count number of arguments
+#[macro_export]
+macro_rules! count {
+    () => { 0usize };
+    ($x:tt, $( $xs:tt ),*) => { 1usize + $crate::count!($( $xs, )*) };
+}
diff --git a/src/log.rs b/src/log.rs
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..37d4ac4
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/log.rs
@@ -0,0 +1,29 @@
+/// Write to logger at a specified level.
+///
+/// See [Logging](https://nginx.org/en/docs/dev/development_guide.html#logging)
+/// for available log levels.
+#[macro_export]
+macro_rules! ngx_log_debug {
+    ( $log:expr, $($arg:tt)* ) => {
+        let log_level = unsafe { (*$log).log_level };
+        if log_level != 0 {
+            let level = $crate::ffi::NGX_LOG_DEBUG as $crate::ffi::ngx_uint_t;
+            let fmt = ::std::ffi::CString::new("%s").unwrap();
+            let c_message = ::std::ffi::CString::new(format!($($arg)*)).unwrap();
+            unsafe {
+                $crate::ffi::ngx_log_error_core(level, $log, 0, fmt.as_ptr(), c_message.as_ptr());
+            }
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+/// Log to request connection log at level [`NGX_LOG_DEBUG_HTTP`].
+///
+/// [`NGX_LOG_DEBUG_HTTP`]: https://nginx.org/en/docs/dev/development_guide.html#logging
+#[macro_export]
+macro_rules! ngx_log_debug_http {
+    ( $request:expr, $($arg:tt)* ) => {
+        let log = unsafe { (*$request.connection()).log };
+        $crate::ngx_log_debug!(log, $($arg)*);
+    }
+}
diff --git a/tests/log_test.rs b/tests/log_test.rs
index 78785a3..b5a1858 100644
--- a/tests/log_test.rs
+++ b/tests/log_test.rs
@@ -1,49 +1,101 @@
-extern crate ngx_rust;
-extern crate futures;
-extern crate hyper;
-extern crate tokio_core;
+use std::env;
+use std::fs;
+use std::io::Result;
+use std::process::Command;
+use std::process::Output;
+
+const NGX_DEFAULT_VERSION: &str = "1.23.3";
+const NGINX_BIN: &str = "sbin/nginx";
+const NGINX_CONFIG: &str = "conf/nginx.conf";
+
+/// harness to test nginx
+pub struct Nginx {
+    pub install_path: String,
+}
+
+impl Default for Nginx {
+    /// create nginx with default
+    fn default() -> Nginx {
+        let path = env::current_dir().unwrap();
+        let version = env::var("NGX_VERSION").unwrap_or_else(|_| NGX_DEFAULT_VERSION.to_string());
+        let platform = format!("{}-{}", env::consts::OS, env::consts::ARCH);
+        let ngx_path = format!(".cache/nginx/{}/{}", version, platform);
+        let install_path = format!("{}/{}", path.display(), ngx_path);
+        Nginx { install_path }
+    }
+}
+
+impl Nginx {
+    pub fn new(path: String) -> Nginx {
+        Nginx { install_path: path }
+    }
 
+    /// get bin path to nginx instance
+    pub fn bin_path(&mut self) -> String {
+        format!("{}/{}", self.install_path, NGINX_BIN)
+    }
+
+    /// start nginx process with arguments
+    pub fn cmd(&mut self, args: &[&str]) -> Result<Output> {
+        let bin_path = self.bin_path();
+        let result = Command::new(bin_path).args(args).output();
+
+        match result {
+            Err(e) => Err(e),
+
+            Ok(output) => {
+                println!("status: {}", output.status);
+                println!("stdout: {}", String::from_utf8_lossy(&output.stdout));
+                println!("stderr: {}", String::from_utf8_lossy(&output.stderr));
+                Ok(output)
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    /// complete stop the nginx binary
+    pub fn stop(&mut self) -> Result<Output> {
+        self.cmd(&["-s", "stop"])
+    }
+
+    /// start the nginx binary
+    pub fn start(&mut self) -> Result<Output> {
+        self.cmd(&[])
+    }
+
+    // make sure we stop existing nginx and start new master process
+    // intentinally ignore failure in stop
+    pub fn restart(&mut self) -> Result<Output> {
+        self.stop();
+        self.start()
+    }
+
+    // replace config with another config
+    pub fn replace_config(&mut self, from: &str) -> Result<u64> {
+        let config_path = format!("{}/{}", self.install_path, NGINX_CONFIG);
+        println!("copying config from: {} to: {}", from, config_path); // replace with logging
+        fs::copy(from, config_path)
+    }
+}
 
 #[cfg(test)]
 mod tests {
 
+    use super::*;
     use std::env;
-    use ngx_rust::nginx::Nginx;
-    use futures::Future;
-    use hyper::Client;
-    use hyper::StatusCode;
-    use tokio_core::reactor::Core;
 
     const TEST_NGINX_CONFIG: &str = "tests/nginx.conf";
 
-
     #[test]
     fn test() {
-
         let mut nginx = Nginx::default();
 
         let path = env::current_dir().unwrap();
-        let test_config_path = format!("{}/{}",path.display(),TEST_NGINX_CONFIG);
+        let test_config_path = format!("{}/{}", path.display(), TEST_NGINX_CONFIG);
         (nginx.replace_config(&test_config_path)).expect("copy done");
-        let output =  nginx.restart().expect("fail to start");
+        let output = nginx.restart().expect("fail to start");
         assert!(output.status.success());
 
-        // make request to 30000
-
-        let mut core = Core::new().unwrap();
-
-        let client = Client::new(&core.handle());
-
-        let uri = "http://localhost:30000".parse().unwrap();
-        let work = client.get(uri).map(|res| {
-            let status = res.status();
-            println!("Response: {}", status);
-            assert_eq!(status,StatusCode::Ok);
-
-        });
-
-        core.run(work).unwrap();
+        let output = nginx.stop().expect("fail to stop");
+        assert!(output.status.success());
     }
-
-
-}
\ No newline at end of file
+}
diff --git a/tools/README.md b/tools/README.md
deleted file mode 100644
index 09c18ce..0000000
--- a/tools/README.md
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,3 +0,0 @@
-# Tools to compile and run rust based modules
-
-
diff --git a/tools/rust/Dockerfile b/tools/rust/Dockerfile
deleted file mode 100644
index 31d365d..0000000
--- a/tools/rust/Dockerfile
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,50 +0,0 @@
-FROM ubuntu:16.04
-ARG RUST_VERSION=1.26.0
-
-MAINTAINER Sehyo Chang "sehyo@nginx.com"
-
-# install nginx required libraries
-
-RUN apt-get update
-
-# install dev en
-RUN apt-get install vim autoconf automake libtool curl make wget  unzip gnupg binutils pkg-config -y
-
-# essential c compiler toolchain includes automake
-#n RUN apt-get install build-essential -y
-# install clang
-RUN wget -O - http://apt.llvm.org/llvm-snapshot.gpg.key | apt-key add -
-RUN echo 'deb http://apt.llvm.org/xenial/ llvm-toolchain-xenial main' >> /etc/apt/sources.list
-RUN wget -O - http://apt.llvm.org/llvm-snapshot.gpg.key | apt-key add -
-RUN apt-get update
-RUN apt-get install llvm-3.9-dev libclang-3.9-dev clang-3.9 -y
-
-# This is special hack to comment out IPPORT_RESERVED because it conflicts with in.h
-# which prevents from compilation of rust binding.rs
-RUN sed -i 's:# define IPPORT_RESERVED:// #define IPPORT_RESERVED:' /usr/include/netdb.h
-
-# install PCRE library
-RUN apt-get install libpcre3 libpcre3-dev zlib1g-dev libssl-dev -y
-
-
-# install rust
-RUN curl -sO https://static.rust-lang.org/rustup/dist/x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu/rustup-init && \
-  chmod +x rustup-init && \
-  ./rustup-init -y --default-toolchain $RUST_VERSION --no-modify-path && \
-  rm -rf \
-    rustup-init \
-    /var/lib/apt/lists/* \
-    /tmp/* \
-    /var/tmp/* 
-
-
-ENV PATH $PATH:/root/.cargo/bin
-
-
-
-# install protobuf
-RUN curl -OL https://github.com/google/protobuf/releases/download/v3.3.0/protoc-3.3.0-linux-x86_64.zip
-RUN unzip protoc-3.3.0-linux-x86_64.zip -d protoc3
-RUN mv protoc3/bin/* /usr/local/bin/
-RUN rm protoc-3.3.0-linux-x86_64.zip
-
diff --git a/tools/rust/Makefile b/tools/rust/Makefile
deleted file mode 100644
index 44a49ed..0000000
--- a/tools/rust/Makefile
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,13 +0,0 @@
-
-TAG = 1.26.0
-NAME = nginxinc/ngx-rust-tool
-
-
-all:    build push
-
-build:
-	docker build -t $(NAME):$(TAG) --build-arg RUST_VERSION=$(TAG) .
-
-push:
-	docker push $(NAME):$(TAG)
-
diff --git a/tools/rust/README.md b/tools/rust/README.md
deleted file mode 100644
index 76d049f..0000000
--- a/tools/rust/README.md
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,7 +0,0 @@
-# Purpose
-
-Base image used for building rust based NGINX module.
-
-It contains rust tools chain and protobuf compiler
-
-'make build;push'