Adds initial topic for exception handling (#77)

resolves #15

Author: vulder

config/spellcheck/ignored_words.txt

@@ -21,8 +21,11 @@ Hyland
 JC
 Krathwohl
 ness
+nothrow
 NRVO
+RAII
 req
+Rethrowing
 RVO
 Sattler
 SG

sources/knowledge_areas.dat

@@ -54,7 +54,7 @@ EH Error Handling
 	? ? ? ? Classes of Errors
 	? ? ? ? errno
 	? ? ? ? Error Codes
-	? ? ? ? Exception Handling
+	eh y y y Exception Handling
 SL Standard Library
 	? ? ? ? Input/Output (I/O)
 	? ? ? ? Containers, Iterators, and Algorithms

sources/modules/error-handling/exception-handling.md

@@ -0,0 +1,116 @@
+## Error handling: Exception handling {#eh}
+
+_Skeleton descriptions are typeset in italic text,_
+_so please don't remove these descriptions when editing the topic._
+
+### Overview
+
+_Provides a short natural language abstract of the module’s contents._
+_Specifies the different levels of teaching._
+
+------------------------------------------------------------------------
+Level             Objective
+----------------- ------------------------------------------------------
+Foundational      Standards exception hierarchy
+
+Main              Exception guarantees
+
+Advanced          ---
+
+------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+### Motivation
+
+_Why is this important?_
+_Why do we want to learn/teach this topic?_
+
+Exception handling is used to be able to continue the program in case of
+exceptional situations (like requesting a ridiculous amount of memory:
+`bad_alloc`).
+
+### Topic introduction
+
+_Very brief introduction to the topic._
+
+There are other forms of handling difficult situations, but here we concentrate
+on exception handling and the peculiarities/characteristics of it. Because
+there are different forms, we should know when to use which type of handling
+special situations.
+
+### Foundational: Standards exception hierarchy {#eh-found}
+
+#### Background/Required Knowledge
+
+A student:
+
+* should know about basic and user-defined types [[Type system: fundamental types]][1] [[Type system: user-defined types]][2]
+* should know about flow of control [???]
+* should know about blocks and statements [???]
+
+#### Student outcomes
+
+_A list of things "a student should be able to" after the curriculum._
+_The next word should be an action word and testable in an exam._
+_Max 5 items._
+
+A student should be able to:
+
+1. Explain how some `std::` calls may cause an exception
+2. Discern the different standard exception types
+3. Write simple try … except code (e.g., out of memory, vector at indexing)
+4. Explain on a “simplified” conceptual level what happens when an exception is thrown and is bubbled up through the callers until it is caught
+
+
+#### Caveats
+
+_This section mentions subtle points to understand, like anything resulting in
+implementation-defined, unspecified, or undefined behavior._
+
+* Exceptions should be used for exceptional situations and should not be used to manage normal control flow.
+
+#### Points to cover
+
+_This section lists important details for each point._
+
+* Exception hierarchy from the standard library
+* Common library functions that may throw exceptions
+* Basic handling exceptions: try/catch/throw
+* How exceptions bubble up until caught
+
+
+### Main: Exception guarantees {#eh-main}
+
+#### Background/Required Knowledge
+
+* RAII
+* Order of construction/destruction of class members
+
+#### Student outcomes
+
+A student should be able to:
+
+1. Explain the four different exception guarantees
+2. Explain the exception guarantees that the standard library containers offer.
+3. Explain what happens when a exception is thrown in constructor
+
+
+#### Caveats
+
+* Make sure code is designed with RAII in mind to prevent resources leaking during exception handling, when the stack is unwound.
+* Care should be taken in constructor design to make all fully constructed members deleted when the stack unwinding mechanism is activated.
+
+#### Points to cover
+
+* Exception guarantees: Nothrow/Strong/Basic/No
+* Rethrowing an exception
+
+### Advanced: Exception-safe containers and edge cases {#eh-advanced}
+
+_These are important topics that are not expected to be covered but provide
+guidance where one can continue to investigate this topic in more depth._
+
+* Rethrowing a modified exception
+* Writing exception safe containers
+
+[1]: ../type-system/fundamental-types.md
+[2]: ../type-system/user-defined-types.md

sources/modules/type-system/fundamental-types.md

@@ -0,0 +1,6 @@
+## Type system: Fundamental types
+
+_Skeleton descriptions are typeset in italic text,_
+_so please don't remove these descriptions when editing the topic._
+
+This topic is currently under construction and will soon be filled with information :)

sources/modules/type-system/user-defined-types.md

@@ -0,0 +1,6 @@
+## Types system: User-defined types
+
+_Skeleton descriptions are typeset in italic text,_
+_so please don't remove these descriptions when editing the topic._
+
+This topic is currently under construction and will soon be filled with information :)