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‎README.md

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@@ -154,24 +154,24 @@ var list = Arrays.stream(arr).boxed().sorted().collect(Collectors.toCollection(A
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**Examples**
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- Advancing through an array: [c++](cpp-algorithm/src/array) | Advance through the array to the last index.
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- Arbitrary precision operation - increment an arbitrary-precision integer (`PlusOne`): [c++](cpp-algorithm/src/array) | Add one to the number represented by the vector.
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- Advancing through an array, EPI#5.4: [c++](cpp-algorithm/src/array) | Advance through the array to the last index.
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- Arbitrary precision operation - increment an arbitrary-precision integer (`PlusOne`), EPI#5.2: [c++](cpp-algorithm/src/array) | Add one to the number represented by the vector.
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- Arbitrary precision operation - add two arbitrary-precision integers (`StringAddition`): [c++](cpp-algorithm/src/array) | Add two numbers represented by strings.
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- Arbitrary precision operation - multiply two arbitrary-precision integers (`Multiply`): [c++](cpp-algorithm/src/array) | Multiply two numbers represented by vectors.
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- Delete duplicates from a sorted array (`DeleteDuplicates`): [c++](cpp-algorithm/src/array) | Delete duplicate elements in the array.
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- Arbitrary precision operation - multiply two arbitrary-precision integers (`Multiply`), EPI#5.3: [c++](cpp-algorithm/src/array) | Multiply two numbers represented by vectors.
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- Delete duplicates from a sorted array (`DeleteDuplicates`), EPI#5.5: [c++](cpp-algorithm/src/array) | Delete duplicate elements in the array.
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- Delete duplicates from a sorted array (`DeleteDuplicateElements`): [c++](cpp-algorithm/src/array) | Delete duplicate elements in the array.
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- Delete specific elements from a sorted array (`DeleteSpecificElements`): [c++](cpp-algorithm/src/array) | Delete specific elements in the array.
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- Dutch national flags problem: [c++](cpp-algorithm/src/array)
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- Enumerate prime numbers: [c++](cpp-algorithm/src/array) | Enumerate prime numbers in the range.
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- Dutch national flags problem, EPI#5.1: [c++](cpp-algorithm/src/array)
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- Enumerate prime numbers, EPI#5.9: [c++](cpp-algorithm/src/array) | Enumerate prime numbers in the range.
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- Order elements in an array by even and odd (`EvenOdd`): [c++](cpp-algorithm/src/array) | Order even and odd numbers in the array.
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- Order elements in an array by specified order (`Rearrange`): [c++](cpp-algorithm/src/array) | Rearrange arrays to have a specific order.
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- Random data sampling - offline (`OfflineRandomSampling`): [c++](cpp-algorithm/src/array) | Randomly select k elements from the array.
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- Random data sampling - compute permutation (`ComputeRandomPermutation`): [c++](cpp-algorithm/src/array) | Compute permutation of the array generated by random sampling.
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- Order elements in an array by specified order (`Rearrange`), EPI#5.8: [c++](cpp-algorithm/src/array) | Rearrange arrays to have a specific order.
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- Random data sampling - offline (`OfflineRandomSampling`), EPI#5.12: [c++](cpp-algorithm/src/array) | Randomly select k elements from the array.
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- Random data sampling - compute permutation (`ComputeRandomPermutation`), EPI#5.14: [c++](cpp-algorithm/src/array) | Compute permutation of the array generated by random sampling.
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- Replace elements - replace and remove (`ReplaceAndRemoveString1`): [c++](cpp-algorithm/src/array) | Replace element and remove element in the array. Keep the array size.
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- Replace elements - replace and remove (`ReplaceAndRemoveString2`): [c++](cpp-algorithm/src/array) | Replace element and remove element in the array
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- Replace elements - telex encoding (`TelexEncoding`): [c++](cpp-algorithm/src/array) | Telex encoding for punctuation marks.
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- Stock trading - buy and sell a stock once (`BuyAndSellStockOnceBruteForce`, `BuyAndSellStockOnce`): [c++](cpp-algorithm/src/array)
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- Stock trading - buy and sell a stock twice (`BuyAndSellStockTwice`): [c++](cpp-algorithm/src/array)
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- Stock trading - buy and sell a stock once (`BuyAndSellStockOnceBruteForce`, `BuyAndSellStockOnce`), EPI#5.6: [c++](cpp-algorithm/src/array)
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- Stock trading - buy and sell a stock twice (`BuyAndSellStockTwice`), EPI#5.7: [c++](cpp-algorithm/src/array)
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[:arrow_up_small: back to toc](#table-of-contents)
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@@ -518,19 +518,19 @@ iterator(), listIterator()
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**Examples**
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- Add list-based integers (`AddTwoNumbers`): [c++](cpp-algorithm/src/linked_list) | Add two numbers represented by linked list.
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- Delete a node from linked list (`DeleteNodeFromList`): [c++](cpp-algorithm/src/linked_list) | Delete a node from a linked list.
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- Delete duplicate nodes from sorted linked list (`DeleteDuplicateNode`): [c++](cpp-algorithm/src/linked_list) | Delete duplicate nodes from a sorted linked list.
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- Delete the k-th last node from linked list (`DeleteNodeKthLast`): [c++](cpp-algorithm/src/linked_list) | Delete the $k$-th last node from a linked list.
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- Implement cyclic right shift for a singly linked list (`CyclicallyRightShiftList`): [c++](cpp-algorithm/src/linked_list) | Implement cyclic right shift for a singly linked list.
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- Linked list has a cycle (`HasCycle1`, `HasCycle2`, `HasCycle3`): [c++](cpp-algorithm/src/linked_list) | Determine that a linked list has a cycle.
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- List pivoting (`ListPivoting`): [c++](cpp-algorithm/src/linked_list) | Rearrange nodes smaller than pivot to the left and larger than pivot to the right.
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- Merge even and odd nodes in linked list (`MergeEvenOddLinkedList`): [c++](cpp-algorithm/src/linked_list) | Merge even and odd nodes in a singly linked list.
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- Merge two sorted linked lists: [c++](cpp-algorithm/src/linked_list) | Merge two sorted linked lists. In worst-case, this task has $O(n + m)$ time complexity, where $n$ and $m$ are the length of the lists.
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- Palindrome list (`IsListPalindrome`): [c++](cpp-algorithm/src/linked_list) | Determine that a linked list is a palindrome.
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- Reverse a single sublist: [c++](cpp-algorithm/src/linked_list) | Reverse a single sublist of a linked list.
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- Two linked lists overlap (`OverlappingNoCycleList`): [c++](cpp-algorithm/src/linked_list) | Determine that two linked lists without cycle overlap.
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- Two linked lists with cycles overlap (`OverlappingCycleList`) [c++](cpp-algorithm/src/linked_list) | Determine that two linked lists with cycle overlap.
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- Add list-based integers (`AddTwoNumbers`), EPI#7.13: [c++](cpp-algorithm/src/linked_list) | Add two numbers represented by linked list.
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- Delete a node from linked list (`DeleteNodeFromList`), EPI#7.6: [c++](cpp-algorithm/src/linked_list) | Delete a node from a linked list.
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- Delete duplicate nodes from sorted linked list (`DeleteDuplicateNode`), EPI#7.8: [c++](cpp-algorithm/src/linked_list) | Delete duplicate nodes from a sorted linked list.
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- Delete the k-th last node from linked list (`DeleteNodeKthLast`), EPI#7.7: [c++](cpp-algorithm/src/linked_list) | Delete the $k$-th last node from a linked list.
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- Implement cyclic right shift for a singly linked list (`CyclicallyRightShiftList`), EPI#7.9: [c++](cpp-algorithm/src/linked_list) | Implement cyclic right shift for a singly linked list.
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- Linked list has a cycle (`HasCycle1`, `HasCycle2`, `HasCycle3`), EPI#7.3: [c++](cpp-algorithm/src/linked_list) | Determine that a linked list has a cycle.
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- List pivoting (`ListPivoting`), EPI#7.12: [c++](cpp-algorithm/src/linked_list) | Rearrange nodes smaller than pivot to the left and larger than pivot to the right.
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- Merge even and odd nodes in linked list (`MergeEvenOddLinkedList`), EPI#7.10: [c++](cpp-algorithm/src/linked_list) | Merge even and odd nodes in a singly linked list.
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- Merge two sorted linked lists (`MergeTwoSortedLinkedList`), EPI#7.1: [c++](cpp-algorithm/src/linked_list) | Merge two sorted linked lists. In worst-case, this task has $O(n + m)$ time complexity, where $n$ and $m$ are the length of the lists.
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- Palindrome list (`IsListPalindrome`), EPI#7.11: [c++](cpp-algorithm/src/linked_list) | Determine that a linked list is a palindrome.
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- Reverse a single sublist (`ReverseSubList`), EPI#7.2: [c++](cpp-algorithm/src/linked_list) | Reverse a single sublist of a linked list.
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- Two linked lists overlap (`OverlappingNoCycleList`), EPI#7.4: [c++](cpp-algorithm/src/linked_list) | Determine that two linked lists without cycle overlap.
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- Two linked lists with cycles overlap (`OverlappingCycleList`), EPI#7.5 [c++](cpp-algorithm/src/linked_list) | Determine that two linked lists with cycle overlap.
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@@ -765,10 +765,10 @@ Math.abs(-34.5), Math.ceil(2.17), Math.floor(3.14), Math.max(x, -3), Math.min(x,
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- Least common multiple (LCM): [python](python-algorithm/algorithm/math), [java](java-algorithm/src/main/java/com/example/algorithm/math) | Find the least common multiple of two numbers.
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- Miller-Rabin primality test: [c++](cpp-algorithm/src/math) | Miller-Rabin primality test is a mathematical algorithm that finds whether a given number is prime.
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- Permutation (`Permutation`): [c++](cpp-algorithm/src/math) | Find the permutation of a set of items.
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- Permutation (`ApplyPermutationWithAdditionalSpace`, `ApplyPermutationBySwap`): [c++](cpp-algorithm/src/math) | Permute the elements of an array
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- Permutation (`ApplyPermutationWithAdditionalSpace`, `ApplyPermutationBySwap`), EPI#5.10: [c++](cpp-algorithm/src/math) | Permute the elements of an array
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- Permutation (`InversePermutation`): [c++](cpp-algorithm/src/math)
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- Permutation (`NextPermutation`/`PreviousPermutation`): [c++](cpp-algorithm/src/math) | Compute the next/previous permutation.
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- Permutation (`KthPermutation`): [c++](cpp-algorithm/src/math) | Compute the $k$-th permutation.
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- Permutation (`NextPermutation`/`PreviousPermutation`), EPI#5.11: [c++](cpp-algorithm/src/math) | Compute the next/previous permutation.
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- Permutation (`KthPermutation`), EPI#5.11: [c++](cpp-algorithm/src/math) | Compute the $k$-th permutation.
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- Prime number (`isPrime`): [java](java-algorithm/src/main/java/com/example/algorithm/math) | Check whether a given number is prime.
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- Simplex algorithm: Simplex algorithm is a mathematical algorithm that finds the optimal solution to a linear programming problem.
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- System of linear equations: System of linear equations is a mathematical algorithm that finds the solution to a system of linear equations.
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**Examples**
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- Arithmetic operation (`Multiply`/`Divide`): [c++](cpp-algorithm/src/primitive_type) | Calculate the product/fraction of two numbers without using arithmetic operators.
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- Arithmetic operation (`Multiply`/`Divide`), EPI#4.5, EPI#4.6: [c++](cpp-algorithm/src/primitive_type) | Calculate the product/fraction of two numbers without using arithmetic operators.
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- Computing parity of word (`CountBits`): [c++](cpp-algorithm/src/primitive_type) | Count the number of bits that are set to 1.
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- Computing parity of word (`Parity`): [c++](cpp-algorithm/src/primitive_type) | Compute parity of word.
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- Computing parity of word (`ParityDropLowestBits`): [c++](cpp-algorithm/src/primitive_type) | Compute parity by dropping the lowest set bit.
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- Computing parity of word (`ParityLookupTable`): [c++](cpp-algorithm/src/primitive_type) | Compute parity by caching the results.
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- Generate random number: [c++](cpp-algorithm/src/primitive_type) | Generate a random number in a range with equal probability.
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- Integer palindrome: [c++](cpp-algorithm/src/primitive_type) | Check if a number is a palindrome.
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- Power operation: [c++](cpp-algorithm/src/primitive_type) | Compute repeated squaring $x^y$.
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- Rectangle intersection: [c++](cpp-algorithm/src/primitive_type) | Check if two rectangles intersect.
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- Reverse digits: [c++](cpp-algorithm/src/primitive_type) | Reverse the digits of a given integer.
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- Swap bit: [c++](cpp-algorithm/src/primitive_type) | Swap the bits at indices $i$ and $j$.
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- Computing parity of word (`Parity`), EPI#4.1: [c++](cpp-algorithm/src/primitive_type) | Compute parity of word.
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- Computing parity of word (`ParityDropLowestBits`), EPI#4.1: [c++](cpp-algorithm/src/primitive_type) | Compute parity by dropping the lowest set bit.
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- Computing parity of word (`ParityLookupTable`), EPI#4.1: [c++](cpp-algorithm/src/primitive_type) | Compute parity by caching the results.
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- Generate random number, EPI#4.10: [c++](cpp-algorithm/src/primitive_type) | Generate a random number in a range with equal probability.
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- Integer palindrome, EPI#4.9: [c++](cpp-algorithm/src/primitive_type) | Check if a number is a palindrome.
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- Power operation, EPI#4.7: [c++](cpp-algorithm/src/primitive_type) | Compute repeated squaring $x^y$.
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- Rectangle intersection, EPI#4.11: [c++](cpp-algorithm/src/primitive_type) | Check if two rectangles intersect.
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- Reverse digits, EPI#4.8: [c++](cpp-algorithm/src/primitive_type) | Reverse the digits of a given integer.
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- Swap bit, EPI#4.2: [c++](cpp-algorithm/src/primitive_type) | Swap the bits at indices $i$ and $j$.
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- Search a sorted array for entry equal to its index (`SearchEntryEqualToItsIndex`), EPI#11.2: [c++](cpp-algorithm/src/search)
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- Search a sorted array for the first greater than a key (`SearchFirstGreaterThanKey`): [c++](cpp-algorithm/src/search)
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- Search a sorted array for the first occurrence of a key (`SearchFirstOfKey`), EPI#11.1: [c++](cpp-algorithm/src/search)
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- Search a cyclically sorted array for the smallest element (`SearchSmallestElementInCyclicallySortedArray`), EPI11.3: [c++](cpp-algorithm/src/search)
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- Search in a 2D sorted array(matrix) (`SearchSortedMatrix`), EPI11.6: [c++](cpp-algorithm/src/search) | Search in a 2D sorted array(matrix) for a given element.
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- Search a cyclically sorted array for the smallest element (`SearchSmallestElementInCyclicallySortedArray`), EPI#11.3: [c++](cpp-algorithm/src/search)
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- Search in a 2D sorted array(matrix) (`SearchSortedMatrix`), EPI#11.6: [c++](cpp-algorithm/src/search) | Search in a 2D sorted array(matrix) for a given element.
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**Examples**
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- Convert string (`IntToString`, `StringToInt`): [c++](cpp-algorithm/src/string) | Convert integer to string and vice versa.
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- Convert string (`IntToString`, `StringToInt`), EPI#6.1: [c++](cpp-algorithm/src/string) | Convert integer to string and vice versa.
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- Finite automata
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- IP address validation: [c++](cpp-algorithm/src/string) | Validate IPv4 address that is in the form of `x.x.x.x` where `x` is a number between 0 and 255.
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- IP address validation, EPI#6.9: [c++](cpp-algorithm/src/string) | Validate IPv4 address that is in the form of `x.x.x.x` where `x` is a number between 0 and 255.
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- Knuth-Morris-Pratt algorithm (KMP)
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- Look and say problem: [c++](cpp-algorithm/src/string)
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- Look and say problem, EPI#6.7: [c++](cpp-algorithm/src/string)
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- Naive string matching: [c++](cpp-algorithm/src/string), [python](python-algorithm/algorithm/string) | Find all occurrences of a pattern in a string.
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- Palindrome: [c++](cpp-algorithm/src/string) | Check if a string is palindromic.
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- Print sine wave pattern string (`SineWaveString` and `PrintSineWaveString`): [c++](cpp-algorithm/src/string) | Print a string in sine wave pattern.
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- Rabin-Karp algorithm: [c++](cpp-algorithm/src/string) | Use the hash function to find all occurrences of a pattern in a string. It has $\theta(\text{pattern-size})$ preprocessing time and $\theta((\text{text-size} - \text{pattern-size} + 1) \text{pattern-size})$ time complexity.
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- Roman number (`VerifyRomanString`): [c++](cpp-algorithm/src/string) | Verify if a string is a valid roman number.
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- Roman number (`RomanStringToInteger`): [c++](cpp-algorithm/src/string) | Convert a roman number to integer.
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- Run-length encoding (RLE): [c++](cpp-algorithm/src/string) | Run-length encoding is a simple form of data compression in which runs of data are stored as a single data value and count.
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- Spreadsheet column decoding/encoding (`DecodingSheetColumnId`/`EncodingSheetColumnId`): [c++](cpp-algorithm/src/string) | Convert a spreadsheet column id to integer and vice versa.
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- Palindrome, EPI#6.5: [c++](cpp-algorithm/src/string) | Check if a string is palindromic.
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- Print sine wave pattern string (`SineWaveString` and `PrintSineWaveString`), EPI#6.10: [c++](cpp-algorithm/src/string) | Print a string in sine wave pattern.
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- Rabin-Karp algorithm, EPI#6.12: [c++](cpp-algorithm/src/string) | Use the hash function to find all occurrences of a pattern in a string. It has $\theta(\text{pattern-size})$ preprocessing time and $\theta((\text{text-size} - \text{pattern-size} + 1) \text{pattern-size})$ time complexity.
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- Roman number (`VerifyRomanString`), EPI#6.8: [c++](cpp-algorithm/src/string) | Verify if a string is a valid roman number.
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- Roman number (`RomanStringToInteger`), EPI#6.8: [c++](cpp-algorithm/src/string) | Convert a roman number to integer.
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- Run-length encoding (RLE), EPI#6.11: [c++](cpp-algorithm/src/string) | Run-length encoding is a simple form of data compression in which runs of data are stored as a single data value and count.
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- Spreadsheet column decoding/encoding (`DecodingSheetColumnId`/`EncodingSheetColumnId`), EPI#6.3: [c++](cpp-algorithm/src/string) | Convert a spreadsheet column id to integer and vice versa.
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