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GitHub
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<span data-v-34dbfd23><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" x="0px" y="0px" viewBox="0 0 100 100" width="15" height="15" class="icon outbound"><path fill="currentColor" d="M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z"></path> <polygon fill="currentColor" points="45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9"></polygon></svg> <span class="sr-only">(opens new window)</span></span></a></li></ul></li></ul></div></div> <!----></nav> <ul class="sidebar-links"><li><div class="sidebar-group collapsable depth-0"><p class="sidebar-heading open"><span>Web Testing</span> <span class="arrow open"></span></p> <ul class="sidebar-links sidebar-group-items"><li><a href="/basics/" class="sidebar-link">Getting Started</a></li><li><a href="/ui/" class="sidebar-link">CodeceptUI</a></li><li><a href="/playwright/" class="sidebar-link">Testing with Playwright</a></li><li><a href="/webdriver/" class="sidebar-link">Testing with WebDriver</a></li><li><a href="/puppeteer/" class="sidebar-link">Testing with Puppeteer</a></li><li><a href="/api/" class="sidebar-link">API Testing</a></li><li><a href="/testcafe/" class="sidebar-link">Testing with TestCafe</a></li></ul></div></li><li><div class="sidebar-group collapsable depth-0"><p class="sidebar-heading"><span>Mobile Testing</span> <span class="arrow"></span></p> <!----></div></li><li><div class="sidebar-group collapsable depth-0"><p class="sidebar-heading"><span>Organizing Tests</span> <span class="arrow"></span></p> <!----></div></li><li><div class="sidebar-group collapsable depth-0"><p class="sidebar-heading"><span>Advanced Usage</span> <span class="arrow"></span></p> <!----></div></li></ul> </aside> <main class="page"><div class="article-title">Effects</div> <div class="post"><article><div class="theme-default-content content__default"><h1 id="effects"><a href="#effects" class="header-anchor">#</a> Effects</h1> <p>Effects are functions that can modify scenario flow. They provide ways to handle conditional steps, retries, and test flow control.</p> <h2 id="installation"><a href="#installation" class="header-anchor">#</a> Installation</h2> <p>Effects can be imported directly from CodeceptJS:</p> <div class="language-js extra-class"><pre class="language-js"><code><span class="token keyword">const</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span> tryTo<span class="token punctuation">,</span> retryTo<span class="token punctuation">,</span> within <span class="token punctuation">}</span> <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token function">require</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">'codeceptjs/effects'</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
</code></pre></div><blockquote><p>📝 Note: Prior to v3.7, <code>tryTo</code> and <code>retryTo</code> were available globally via plugins. This behavior is deprecated and will be removed in v4.0.</p></blockquote> <h2 id="tryto"><a href="#tryto" class="header-anchor">#</a> tryTo</h2> <p>The <code>tryTo</code> effect allows you to attempt steps that may fail without stopping test execution. It's useful for handling optional steps or conditions that aren't critical for the test flow.</p> <div class="language-js extra-class"><pre class="language-js"><code><span class="token keyword">const</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span> tryTo <span class="token punctuation">}</span> <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token function">require</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">'codeceptjs/effects'</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token comment">// inside a test</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> success <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">await</span> <span class="token function">tryTo</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token operator">=></span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token comment">// These steps may fail but won't stop the test</span>
<span class="token constant">I</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">see</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">'Cookie banner'</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token constant">I</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">click</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">'Accept cookies'</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token keyword">if</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token operator">!</span>success<span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token constant">I</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">say</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">'Cookie banner was not found'</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
</code></pre></div><p>If the steps inside <code>tryTo</code> fail:</p> <ul><li>The test will continue execution</li> <li>The failure will be logged in debug output</li> <li><code>tryTo</code> returns <code>false</code></li> <li>Auto-retries are disabled inside <code>tryTo</code> blocks</li></ul> <h2 id="retryto"><a href="#retryto" class="header-anchor">#</a> retryTo</h2> <p>The <code>retryTo</code> effect allows you to retry a set of steps multiple times until they succeed. This is useful for handling flaky elements or conditions that may need multiple attempts.</p> <div class="language-js extra-class"><pre class="language-js"><code><span class="token keyword">const</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span> retryTo <span class="token punctuation">}</span> <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token function">require</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">'codeceptjs/effects'</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token comment">// Retry up to 5 times with 200ms between attempts</span>
<span class="token keyword">await</span> <span class="token function">retryTo</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token operator">=></span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token constant">I</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">switchTo</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">'#editor-frame'</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token constant">I</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">fillField</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">'textarea'</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token string">'Hello world'</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">5</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
</code></pre></div><p>Parameters:</p> <ul><li><code>callback</code> - Function containing steps to retry</li> <li><code>maxTries</code> - Maximum number of retry attempts</li> <li><code>pollInterval</code> - (optional) Delay between retries in milliseconds (default: 200ms)</li></ul> <p>The callback receives the current retry count as an argument:</p> <div class="language-js extra-class"><pre class="language-js"><code><span class="token keyword">const</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span> retryTo <span class="token punctuation">}</span> <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token function">require</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">'codeceptjs/effects'</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token comment">// inside a test...</span>
<span class="token keyword">await</span> <span class="token function">retryTo</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token parameter">tries</span> <span class="token operator">=></span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token constant">I</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">say</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token template-string"><span class="token template-punctuation string">`</span><span class="token string">Attempt </span><span class="token interpolation"><span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">${</span>tries<span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">}</span></span><span class="token template-punctuation string">`</span></span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token constant">I</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">click</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">'Submit'</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token constant">I</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">see</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">'Success'</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">3</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
</code></pre></div><h2 id="within"><a href="#within" class="header-anchor">#</a> within</h2> <p>The <code>within</code> effect allows you to perform multiple steps within a specific context (like an iframe or modal):</p> <div class="language-js extra-class"><pre class="language-js"><code><span class="token keyword">const</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span> within <span class="token punctuation">}</span> <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token function">require</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">'codeceptjs/effects'</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token comment">// inside a test...</span>
<span class="token function">within</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">'.modal'</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token operator">=></span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token constant">I</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">see</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">'Modal title'</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token constant">I</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">click</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">'Close'</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
</code></pre></div><h2 id="usage-with-typescript"><a href="#usage-with-typescript" class="header-anchor">#</a> Usage with TypeScript</h2> <p>Effects are fully typed and work well with TypeScript:</p> <div class="language-ts extra-class"><pre class="language-ts"><code><span class="token keyword">import</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span> tryTo<span class="token punctuation">,</span> retryTo<span class="token punctuation">,</span> within <span class="token punctuation">}</span> <span class="token keyword">from</span> <span class="token string">'codeceptjs/effects'</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> success <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">await</span> <span class="token function">tryTo</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token keyword">async</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token operator">=></span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">await</span> <span class="token constant">I</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">see</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">'Element'</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
</code></pre></div><p>This documentation covers the main effects functionality while providing practical examples and important notes about deprecation and future changes. Let me know if you'd like me to expand any section or add more examples!</p></div></article></div> <div class="page-edit"><div class="edit-link"><a href="https://github.com/codeceptjs/codeceptjs/edit/3.x/docs/effects.md" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Help us improve this page!</a> <span><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" x="0px" y="0px" viewBox="0 0 100 100" width="15" height="15" class="icon outbound"><path fill="currentColor" d="M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z"></path> <polygon fill="currentColor" points="45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9"></polygon></svg> <span class="sr-only">(opens new window)</span></span></div> <div class="last-updated"><span class="prefix">Last Updated:</span> <span class="time">2/10/2025, 4:33:39 AM</span></div></div> <!----> <div class="banner" data-v-436508ca><a href="https://opencollective.com/codeceptjs" data-v-436508ca>CodeceptJS is on OpenCollective! Support us 💖</a></div> <footer data-v-5616cc4e><section data-v-5616cc4e><div class="col" data-v-5616cc4e><h4 data-v-5616cc4e>Docs</h4> <ul data-v-5616cc4e><li data-v-5616cc4e><a href="/quickstart" data-v-5616cc4e>Quickstart</a></li> <li data-v-5616cc4e><a href="/basics" data-v-5616cc4e>Getting Started</a></li> <li data-v-5616cc4e><a href="/playwright" data-v-5616cc4e>CodeceptJS & Playwright</a></li> <li data-v-5616cc4e><a href="/puppeteer" data-v-5616cc4e>CodeceptJS & WebDriver</a></li></ul></div> <div class="col" data-v-5616cc4e><h4 data-v-5616cc4e>Community</h4> <ul data-v-5616cc4e><li data-v-5616cc4e><a href="https://github.com/codeceptjs/CodeceptJS" data-v-5616cc4e>GitHub</a></li> <li data-v-5616cc4e><a href="https://github.com/codeceptjs/CodeceptJS/discussions" data-v-5616cc4e>GitHub discussions</a></li> <li data-v-5616cc4e><a href="https://bit.ly/chat-codeceptjs" data-v-5616cc4e>Slack Chat</a></li> <li data-v-5616cc4e><a href="https://codecept.discourse.group/" data-v-5616cc4e>Forum</a></li> <li data-v-5616cc4e><a href="https://twitter.com/codeceptjs" data-v-5616cc4e>Twitter</a></li></ul></div> <div class="col" data-v-5616cc4e><h4 class="important" data-v-5616cc4e>Commercial Support</h4> <ul data-v-5616cc4e><li data-v-5616cc4e><a href="https://sdclabs.com/codeceptjs?utm_source=codecept.io&utm_medium=footer&utm_term=link&utm_campaign=reference" data-v-5616cc4e>Consulting</a></li> <li data-v-5616cc4e><a href="https://sdclabs.com/trainings/web-automation-codeceptjs?utm_source=codecept.io&utm_medium=top_menu&utm_term=link&utm_campaign=reference" data-v-5616cc4e>Trainings</a></li> <li data-v-5616cc4e><a href="https://sdclabs.com/#services" data-v-5616cc4e>Hire Engineers</a></li></ul></div> <div class="col" data-v-5616cc4e><a href="https://testomat.io" data-v-5616cc4e><h4 data-v-5616cc4e>Try Testomat.io →</h4> <p data-v-5616cc4e>Powerful <b data-v-5616cc4e>Test Case Management</b> for CodeceptJS from its authors</p></a></div></section> <div class="copyright" data-v-5616cc4e><h5 data-v-5616cc4e>CodeceptJS - supercharged end 2 end testing framework for NodeJS</h5>
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