feat: DSL semantic checking analysis (#24)

## Problem
We want to reject DSL programs that are semantically incorrect. This PR
analyzes the parsed AST and rejects if an error is detected.

## Summary of changes
- Parser bug fixes
- Implemented `SemanticAnalyzer` to perform comprehensive static
analysis on DSL programs
- Added validation for properties:
  - Ensures property types are valid (basic types, maps, arrays, tuples)
  - Rejects function types and operators in properties
- Added validation for operators:
  - Prevents duplicate operator names
  - Validates field types for both scalar and logical operators
  - Ensures logical operators have all required derived properties
  - Verifies derived properties match declared logical properties
- Added scope-based identifier validation:
  - Maintains a stack of scopes for variable declarations
  - Prevents duplicate identifiers in the same scope
  - Validates variable references exist in accessible scopes
- Added recursive expression validation:
  - Validates all sub-expressions in compound expressions
- Handles various expression types (variables, function calls,
conditionals, etc.)
  - Manages scope for closures and pattern matching
- Added comprehensive test suite:
  - Tests for valid DSL programs
- Tests for various error conditions (duplicate names, invalid types,
etc.)
  - Tests for scope handling and identifier validation

The semantic analyzer provides early error detection for DSL programs,
helping users identify issues before runtime.

Author: AlSchlo

optd-core/src/dsl/analyzer/mod.rs

@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+pub mod semantic;