Split time zone

Author: cirosantilli

README.md

@@ -92,6 +92,13 @@ Processes:
 - [ulimit](ulimit.md)
 - [wait](wait.sh)
 
+Date and time:
+
+- [cal](cal.md)
+- [date](date.md)
+- [hwclock](hwclock.md)
+- [Time zone](time-zone.md)
+
 Media video, games, etc.) file types, viewers, editors, capture, synthesizers:
 
 - [Audio](audio/): audio, music, sound.

cal.md

@@ -0,0 +1,18 @@
+# cal
+
+Package: `bsdmainutils`.
+
+Generate an ASCII art calendar:
+
+    cal
+
+Sample output:
+
+    February 2015
+    Su Mo Tu We Th Fr Sa
+    1  2  3  4  5  6  7
+    8  9  10 11 12 13 14
+    15 16 17 18 19 20 21
+    22 23 24 25 26 27 28
+
+with the current day in bold.

cp.sh

@@ -8,20 +8,20 @@
 
     echo a > a
     cp a b
-    [ "`cat b`" = $'a' ] || exit 1
+    [ "$(cat b)" = 'a' ] || exit 1
 
   # If dest exists and is dir, copy into dir:
 
     mkdir d
     cp a d
-    [ "`cat d/a`" = $'d/a' ] || exit 1
+    [ "$(cat d/a)" = 'd/a' ] || exit 1
 
   # If dest exists and is file, overwrite without asking!
 
     echo a > a
     echo b > b
     cp a b
-    [ "`cat b`" = $'a' ] || exit 1
+    [ "$(cat b)" = 'a' ] || exit 1
 
 ## Directories
 
@@ -90,7 +90,7 @@
 
     cp c d
     [ -f d ] || exit 1
-    [ "`cat a`" = $'a' ] || exit 1
+    [ "$(at a)" = 'a' ] || exit 1
 
   # With the `-d` GNU extension, copies symlink to files into new symlinks (mnemonic: no-Dereference):
 
@@ -115,44 +115,53 @@
   # the only thing this could do is to copy dirs
   # and symlink files. But then why not do this with hardlinks?
 
-## hardlink
+## GNU extensions
 
-    echo a > a
-    cp -l a b
-    ln -l a b
-    [ "$(stat -c '%i' a)" = "$(stat -c '%i' b)" ] || exit 1
+  ## v
 
-  # With `-r`, makes dirs, and hardlinks files:
+    # Be verbose and print a message saying what cp is doing.
 
-    mkdir d
-    touch d/a
-    touch d/b
-    cp -lr d e
-    [ "$(stat -c '%i' d/a)" = "$(stat -c '%i' e/a)" ] || exit 1
-    [ "$(stat -c '%i' d/b)" = "$(stat -c '%i' e/b)" ] || exit 1
+    # Useful when copying a lot of files in an interactive session
+    # to check if that progress is going on.
 
-  # If `-l` is used, does not overwrite file:
+  ## parents
 
-    echo a > a
-    echo b > b
-    if cp -l a b; then assert false; fi
+    # Generate directories in the relative path of src on top of the dst.
 
-  # But can overwrite if `-f` is given:
+      mkdir 0
+      mkdir 0/1
+      touch 0/1/a
+      mkdir 2
+      cp --parents 0/1/a 2
+      [ -e 2/0/1/a ] || exit 1
 
-    cp -fl a b
+  ## l
 
-## GNU extensions
+  ## hardlink
 
-  ## v
+      echo a > a
+      cp -l a b
+      ln -l a b
+      [ "$(stat -c '%i' a)" = "$(stat -c '%i' b)" ] || exit 1
 
-    # Be verbose and print a message saying what cp is doing.
+    # With `-r`, makes dirs, and hardlinks files:
 
-    # Useful when copying a lot of files in an interactive session
-    # to check if that progress is going on.
+      mkdir d
+      touch d/a
+      touch d/b
+      cp -lr d e
+      [ "$(stat -c '%i' d/a)" = "$(stat -c '%i' e/a)" ] || exit 1
+      [ "$(stat -c '%i' d/b)" = "$(stat -c '%i' e/b)" ] || exit 1
 
-  ## parents
+    # If `-l` is used, does not overwrite file:
+
+      echo a > a
+      echo b > b
+      if cp -l a b; then assert false; fi
+
+    # But can overwrite if `-f` is given:
 
-    # Generate directories in the relative path of the copy.
+      cp -fl a b
 
 ## Applications
 

date.md

@@ -0,0 +1,25 @@
+# date
+
+POSIX 7 http://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/utilities/date.html
+
+Get system date:
+
+    date
+
+Sample output:
+
+    Sun Feb  1 12:21:15 CET 2015
+
+Format current time and output it:
+
+    date '+%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S'
+
+Sample output:
+
+    2015-02-01 12:21:52
+
+## GNU extensions
+
+Set the system date:
+
+    sudo date -s "1 JUN 2012 09:30:00"

filesystem.md

@@ -371,9 +371,9 @@ Sample output:
 The standard naming scheme is:
 
 - `sd` and `hd` are the type of disk
-- `sda`         is the first hard disk, `sdb` is the second, `sdc` the third, etc.
-- `sda1`        is the primary partition of `sda`, `sda2` the second, etc.
-- `sda5`        is the first *logical* partition of `sda`. It starts at 5 because there can only be 4 primary partitions.
+- `sda` is the first hard disk, `sdb` is the second, `sdc` the third, etc.
+- `sda1` is the primary partition of `sda`, `sda2` the second, etc.
+- `sda5` is the first *logical* partition of `sda`. It starts at 5 because there can only be 4 primary partitions.
 
 If a MBR is not present and a filesystem starts directly at the start of the device, then `sda` will be the partition itself.
 
@@ -393,6 +393,12 @@ But by the beginning of 2007, SATA had largely replaced IDE in all new systems.
 
 <http://www.diffen.com/difference/IDE_vs_SATA>
 
+## Raw device
+
+<http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Raw_device>
+
+Bypasses the OSs filesystem management like caching, allowing user programs to do it
+
 ## sr0
 
 CD DVD.

hwclock.md

@@ -0,0 +1,15 @@
+# hwclock
+
+`util-linux` package.
+
+Get hardware clock time:
+
+    sudo hwclock --show
+
+Sample output:
+
+    Sun 01 Feb 2015 01:28:46 PM CET  -0.438006 seconds
+
+Sync hardware clock with system clock:
+
+    sudo hwclock --systohc

time-zone.md

@@ -0,0 +1,13 @@
+# Time zone
+
+## Set you time zone
+
+On dual boot with windows there are conflicts because Windows uses local time,
+and Linux UTC (more logical...). you must either tell Linux to use local,
+or better, Windows to use UTC.
+
+    TIMEZONE_LOCATION=/usr/share/zoneinfo
+    cd "$TIMEZONE_LOCATION"
+    ls
+    TIMEZONE_NAME=
+    cp "$TIMEZONE_LOCATION/$TIMEZONE_NAME" /etc/localtime

utils.sh

@@ -179,52 +179,6 @@
 
     #POSIX fortran compiler.
 
-## time date
-
-  ## cal
-
-    # cout an ASCII art calendar:
-
-      cal
-
-  ## date
-
-    # POSIX 7.
-
-    # Get system date:
-
-      date
-
-    # Format current time and output it:
-
-      date "+%Y-%m-%d-%H-%M-%S"
-
-    ## gnu extensions
-
-      # Set system date:
-
-        sudo date -s "1 JUN 2012 09:30:00"
-
-  ## hwclock
-
-    #see hardware clock time:
-
-      sudo hwclock --show
-
-    #sync hardware clock to system clock
-
-      sudo hwclock --systohc
-
-  ## set you time zone
-
-    #on dual boot with windows there are conflicts because Windows uses local time, and Linux UTC (more logical...). you must either tell Linux to use local, or better, Windows to use UTC
-
-      $TIMEZONE_LOCATION=/usr/share/zoneinfo
-      cd $TIMEZONE_LOCATION
-      ls
-      $TIMEZONE_NAME=
-      cp $TIMEZONE_LOCATION/$TIMEZONE_NAME /etc/localtime
-
 ## text
 
   ## echo