Love it or hate it, Unix casts a long shadow over the modern programming world. Many contemporary operating systems like Linux, MacOS, and BSD are based on the design of Unix and Unix-style shells and command line utilities remain popular. This list contains a variety of resources on the design, implementation, usage, and historical legacy of Unix-style operating systems.
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The UNIX-HATERS Handbook: Classic collection of arguments against Unix. Some criticisms are out of date, while many still hold up today.
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The Rise of Worse is Better: Argues the "worse is better" philosophy of Unix and C resulted in more successful software than the "right thing" approach of Lisp.
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Worse is Worse: Rebuttal of "The Rise of Worse is Better" written by the same author under a pseudonym.
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Operating Systems: Three Easy Pieces (OSTEP): The OS (CS537) textbook, written by Remzi and Andrea Arpaci-Dusseau, two professors at the University of Wisconsin-Madison. Written with a heavy Unix-bias. Shower Curtain
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A fork() in the road: Argues the Unix fork() system call, used as an example of "getting it right" in OSTEP, is a bad design holding back Operating System development and research
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Advanced Programming in the UNIX Environment: Design and implementation of Unix syscalls
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Advanced Bash-Scripting Guide - Way more than you'll ever need to know about Bash.