| title | description | author | ms.author | ms.date | ms.topic | ms.assetid |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Refactoring |
Re-organizing code in Visual Studio for Mac is made simple through the use of Source Analysis. |
asb3993 |
amburns |
04/14/2017 |
article |
C7782BF3-016F-4B41-8A81-85FC540A1A8F |
Refactoring code is a way to rearrange, restructure, and clarify existing code while still ensuring that the overall behavior of the code does not change.
It produces a healthier code base, making it much more useable, readable, and maintainable for you or any other developer or user that might refer to the code.
Visual Studio for Mac's integration with Roslyn, Microsoft's open source .NET compiler platform, allows for more refactoring operations, as well as fully supporting the latest C# version.
The Rename refactoring command can be used on any code identifier (for example, a class name, property name etc.) to find all occurrences of that identifier and change them. To rename a symbol, right-click on it and choose Refactor > Rename, or the Cmd + R key binding:
This will highlight the symbol and any references to it. When you start typing a new name it will automatically change all references in your code, and you can signal your completion of the rename by pressing Enter:
Context actions allow you to inspect any C# code, and see all possible refactoring options.
The Resolve and Refactor context items are combined into a single Quick Fix... item that will provide you with all the available Context actions:
Hovering over any of the context actions will provide you with a preview of what will be added or removed from your code.
Alternatively, you can press Option + Enter anywhere in your code:
To enable these options, you must select Enable source analysis of open files in the options Visual Studio for Mac > Preferences > Text Editor > Source Analysis:
There are over 100 possible actions that can be suggested, which are enabled or disabled by browsing to Visual Studio for Mac > Preferences > Source Analysis > C# > Code Actions and selecting or unselecting the box next to the action:
Some of the mostly commonly used context actions are explained below.
The extract method refactoring operation allows you to create a new method by extracting a selection of code in an existing member. This action will do two things:
- Creates a new method containing the selected code
- Calls the new method in the place where the selected code was.
- Add the following code:
class MainClass
{
double CalculatePyramidVolume(double baseArea, double height)
{
double volume = (baseArea * height) / 3;
return volume;
}
}
-
Highlight the line
double volume = (baseArea * height) / 3;, right click on it, and select Refactor > Extract Method. -
Use the arrow keys to select where the new method should be placed in your code.
The Encapsulate Field operation allows you to create a property from an existing field, and updates your code to reference the newly created property. By creating a property that encapsulates your field, you are disallowing direct access to your public field, meaning that other objects can't modify it.
This action will do the following:
- Changes the access modifier to private.
- Generates a getter and setter for the field (unless the field is read-only, in which case it will only create a getter).
Source analysis will analyze your code on the fly by underlining potential errors and style violations, and providing auto fixes as context actions.
You can view all results of the source analysis for any file, at any time, by viewing the scroll bar on the right side of the text editor:
If you click on the circle at the top, you can iterate through each suggestion, with the highest severity issues showing first. Hovering over an individual result or line will display the issue, which can be fixed through context actions:
