Welcome.ipynb

{
 "cells": [
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "# Welcome to the Course \n",
    "\n",
    "This is the repository for the course: **Python Data Science and Machine Learning Bootcamp**\n",
    "https://www.udemy.com/python-for-data-science-and-machine-learning-bootcamp/learn/v4/t/lecture/5733180?start=375\n",
    "\n",
    "\n",
    "Thank you so much for enrolling in the course!\n",
    "\n",
    "## Overview of this Repository\n",
    "\n",
    "This repository contains everything you need for the course, it has all the notebooks, links on this repository https://github.com/CanDev-CanDev/Introduction-R-Python"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "### We want to use requests python package and BeautifulSoup "
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 36,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "import requests\n",
    "from bs4 import BeautifulSoup\n",
    "import pandas as pd "
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 18,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "## Look at robots and terms of service"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 16,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "name": "stdout",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      "# robots.txt for http://www.statcan.gc.ca/\n",
      "# Syntax checker http://tool.motoricerca.info/robots-checker.phtml\n",
      "\n",
      "User-agent: gsa-crawler\n",
      "Disallow: /\n",
      "\n",
      "User-agent: HTTrack\n",
      "Disallow: /\n",
      "\n",
      "User-agent: AhrefsBot\n",
      "Disallow: /\n",
      "\n",
      "User-agent: SiteSucker\n",
      "User-agent: SiteSucker/2.3.3\n",
      "Disallow: /\n",
      "\n",
      "User-agent: integrity\n",
      "User-agent: integrity/4\n",
      "Disallow: /\n",
      "\n",
      "User-agent: Microsoft URL Control\n",
      "Disallow: /\n",
      "\n",
      "User-agent: Ultraseek\n",
      "Disallow: \n",
      "\n",
      "User-agent: LucidWorks\n",
      "Disallow:\n",
      "\n",
      "User-agent: *\n",
      "Crawl-delay: 2\n",
      "#\n",
      "Disallow: /error-erreur/\n",
      "#\n",
      "Disallow: /beta/\n",
      "#\n",
      "Disallow: /pub/12-591-x/2006001/\n",
      "Disallow: /pub/12-591-x/12-591-x2006001-eng.htm\n",
      "Disallow: /pub/12-591-x/12-591-x2006001-fra.htm\n",
      "#\n",
      "Disallow: /daily-quotidien/080306/be080306a-eng.htm\n",
      "Disallow: /daily-quotidien/080306/be080306a-fra.htm\n",
      "#\n",
      "Disallow: /daily-quotidien/09\n",
      "Disallow: /daily-quotidien/10\n",
      "Disallow: /daily-quotidien/11\n",
      "Disallow: /daily-quotidien/12\n",
      "Disallow: /daily-quotidien/13\n",
      "#\n",
      "Disallow: /stcsr/\n",
      "Disallow: /stcsrd/\n",
      "Disallow: /misc/\n",
      "Disallow: /Framework/\n",
      "Disallow: /Images/\n",
      "Disallow: /Templates/\n",
      "Disallow: /access/\n",
      "Disallow: /cgroup/\n",
      "Disallow: /clf2/\n",
      "Disallow: /dli-ild/\n",
      "Disallow: /estat/\n",
      "Disallow: /fadi/\n",
      "Disallow: /pgdb/\n",
      "Disallow: /preview-apercu/\n",
      "Disallow: /secure/\n",
      "Disallow: /ssi/\n",
      "Disallow: /talon/\n",
      "Disallow: /templates/\n",
      "Disallow: /tim/\n",
      "Disallow: /wet-boew/\n",
      "#\n",
      "Disallow: /access/\n",
      "Disallow: /c1996-r1996/\n",
      "Disallow: /census-recencement2006/\n",
      "Disallow: /clf2_docs/\n",
      "Disallow: /diss/\n",
      "Disallow: /ei-ie20021008/\n",
      "Disallow: /flash/\n",
      "Disallow: /hrdc/\n",
      "Disallow: /imdb-bmdi2/\n",
      "Disallow: /ispcs/\n",
      "Disallow: /misc/\n",
      "Disallow: /mobile/\n",
      "Disallow: /OECD/\n",
      "Disallow: /olc-cel/\n",
      "Disallow: /pgdb/\n",
      "Disallow: /slid-edtr/\n",
      "Disallow: /tst-otr/\n",
      "Disallow: /wsd-jms/\n",
      "Disallow: /yearbook-annuaire/\n",
      "Disallow: /rtdat-oadtr-service/\n",
      "Disallow: /subjects-sujets/labour-travail/lfs-epa/\n",
      "Disallow: /subjects-sujets/cpi-ipc/\n",
      "Disallow: /cgi-bin/sum-som/saveas\n",
      "#\n",
      "# For WCMS\n",
      "Disallow: /eng/node/\n",
      "Disallow: /fra/node/\n",
      "Disallow: /eng/*concordance*/\n",
      "Disallow: /fra/*concordance*/\n",
      "\n",
      "# For Google mobile-friendly test\n",
      "#Disallow: /*/ssi/*\n",
      "#Disallow: /*/css/*\n",
      "#Disallow: /*/javascript/*\n",
      "#Disallow: /*/js/*\n",
      "Disallow: /*longdesc*\n",
      "Disallow: /*/desc/*\n",
      "#\n",
      "Disallow: /*.ppt$\n",
      "Disallow: /*.pptx$\n",
      "Disallow: /*.doc$\n",
      "Disallow: /*.docx$\n",
      "Disallow: /*.xls$\n",
      "Disallow: /*.xlsx$\n",
      "Disallow: /*.csv$\n",
      "Disallow: /*.rtf$\n",
      "Disallow: /*.txt$\n",
      "Disallow: /*.swf$\n",
      "Disallow: /*.ca1$\n",
      "Disallow: /*.tab$\n",
      "Disallow: /*.exe$\n"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "robots = \"https://www.statcan.gc.ca/robots.txt\"\n",
    "rrobots = requests.get(robots)\n",
    "print(rrobots.text)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 3,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "# Create a url "
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 26,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "url = \"https://catalogue.uottawa.ca/en/graduate/master-arts-economics/\""
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 7,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "# Create a requests to server\n",
    "# Some side notes are robots.txt and "
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 27,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "create_connection = requests.get(url)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 4,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "# Create a soup object"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 28,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "soup = BeautifulSoup(create_connection.content,'html.parser')"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 5,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "# Read terms of services and robots.txt"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 29,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
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       "\n",
       "<!DOCTYPE doctype html>\n",
       "\n",
       "<html dir=\"ltr\" lang=\"en\" xml:lang=\"en\">\n",
       "<head>\n",
       "<title>Master of Arts Economics &lt; uOttawa</title>\n",
       "<meta content=\"IE=edge\" http-equiv=\"X-UA-Compatible\"/>\n",
       "<meta content=\"text/html; charset=utf-8\" http-equiv=\"Content-Type\"/>\n",
       "<link href=\"/search/opensearch.xml\" rel=\"search\" title=\"Catalog\" type=\"application/opensearchdescription+xml\"/>\n",
       "<meta content=\"width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0, minimum-scale=1.0\" name=\"viewport\"/>\n",
       "<link href=\"/favicon.ico\" rel=\"shortcut icon\"/>\n",
       "<link href=\"/css/reset.css\" rel=\"stylesheet\" type=\"text/css\"/>\n",
       "<link href=\"/fonts/font-awesome/font-awesome.min.css\" rel=\"stylesheet\" type=\"text/css\"/>\n",
       "<link href=\"https://fonts.googleapis.com/css?family=Open+Sans:400italic,600italic,700italic,400,600,700\" rel=\"stylesheet\" type=\"text/css\"/>\n",
       "<link href=\"/css/screen.css\" media=\"screen\" rel=\"stylesheet\" type=\"text/css\"/>\n",
       "<link href=\"/css/handheld.css\" rel=\"stylesheet\" type=\"text/css\"/>\n",
       "<link href=\"/css/print.css\" media=\"print\" rel=\"stylesheet\" type=\"text/css\"/>\n",
       "<script src=\"/js/jquery.js\" type=\"text/javascript\"></script>\n",
       "<script src=\"/js/lfjs.js\" type=\"text/javascript\"></script>\n",
       "<script src=\"/js/lfjs_any.js\" type=\"text/javascript\"></script>\n",
       "<link href=\"/js/lfjs.css\" rel=\"stylesheet\" type=\"text/css\"/>\n",
       "<script src=\"/js/courseleaf.js\" type=\"text/javascript\"></script>\n",
       "<script src=\"/js/custom.js\" type=\"text/javascript\"></script>\n",
       "<script type=\"text/javascript\">var gakey = \"UA-5576980-24\";</script><script src=\"/js/analytics.js\" type=\"text/javascript\"></script>\n",
       "<script type=\"text/javascript\">var gakey = \"UA-6980640-11\";</script><script src=\"/js/analytics.js\" type=\"text/javascript\"></script>\n",
       "</head>\n",
       "<body>\n",
       "<!--htdig_noindex-->\n",
       "<div class=\"accessible noscript\">\n",
       "<div class=\"accessible-menu\">\n",
       "<ul>\n",
       "<li><a href=\"#content\" rel=\"section\">Skip to Content</a></li>\n",
       "<li><a href=\"/azindex/\">AZ Index</a></li>\n",
       "<li><a href=\"/\">Catalog Home</a></li>\n",
       "<li><a href=\"/\">Institution Home</a></li>\n",
       "</ul>\n",
       "</div>\n",
       "</div>\n",
       "<!--/htdig_noindex-->\n",
       "<!--htdig_noindex-->\n",
       "<div id=\"header\">\n",
       "<div id=\"hdr-top\">\n",
       "<div class=\"wrap clearfix\">\n",
       "<div id=\"logo\">\n",
       "<a href=\"/\"><img alt=\"University of Ottawa Logo\" src=\"/images/logo.png\"/></a>\n",
       "</div><!-- end #logo -->\n",
       "<div id=\"uottawa-mobile-toggles\">\n",
       "<div class=\"uojs--hidden-search\" id=\"uottawa-mobile-search-toggle\"></div>\n",
       "<div class=\"uojs--hidden-nav\" id=\"uottawa-mobile-nav-toggle\"></div>\n",
       "</div>\n",
       "<div id=\"text-resize\">\n",
       "<span><span class=\"text-resize-small\">T</span>T</span>\n",
       "<div class=\"\" id=\"text-resize-content\">\n",
       "<div id=\"text-resize-content-close\">close</div>\n",
       "<span>Help: Change text size</span><p>To change text size, use the browser commands.</p>\n",
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       "<span>Internet Explorer</span><p>In the toolbar, select Options &gt; Zoom &gt; Zoom In, Custom or Zoom Out. On the keyboard, press CTRL + to zoom in, CTRL - to zoom out or CTRL 0 to reset.</p>\n",
       "</div>\n",
       "</div>\n",
       "<div class=\"language-switcher\">\n",
       "<a class=\"switch\" href=\"#\" onclick=\"toggleLanguage(); return false;\">\n",
       "<span class=\"globe-icon\">Change Language </span><span class=\"uinvisible\">viewing site in </span><span class=\"text\">English</span>\n",
       "</a>\n",
       "<div class=\"language-list\">\n",
       "<a href=\"/fr/etudes-sup/maitrise-arts-science-economique/\" hreflang=\"fr\" lang=\"fr\" rel=\"alternate\">Français</a>\n",
       "<a class=\"active\" href=\"/en/graduate/master-arts-economics/\" hreflang=\"en\" lang=\"en\" rel=\"alternate\">English</a>\n",
       "<a class=\"uoe--close\" href=\"#\" onclick=\"toggleLanguage(); return false;\">Close <span class=\"uos--close-icon\">close icon</span></a>\n",
       "</div>\n",
       "</div>\n",
       "<div class=\"\" id=\"uottawa-global-search\">\n",
       "<form accept-charset=\"UTF-8\" action=\"http://search.uottawa.ca/en/\" id=\"global-search-form\" method=\"get\" target=\"_blank\">\n",
       "<input id=\"search_language\" type=\"hidden\" value=\"en\"/>\n",
       "<input id=\"stype\" type=\"hidden\" value=\"6\"/>\n",
       "<input id=\"loc\" type=\"hidden\" value=\"0\"/>\n",
       "<input id=\"whr\" type=\"hidden\" value=\"1\"/>\n",
       "<div id=\"uottawa-global-search-box\">\n",
       "<label for=\"uottawa-global-search-box-input\">\n",
       "<span class=\"label-focus\" id=\"uottawa-global-search-box-label\">Search uOttawa.ca</span>\n",
       "<input id=\"uottawa-global-search-box-input\" maxlength=\"128\" name=\"q\" placeholder=\"Search uOttawa.ca\" size=\"15\" type=\"text\" value=\"\"/>\n",
       "</label>\n",
       "</div>\n",
       "<div class=\"\" id=\"uottawa-global-search-options\">\n",
       "<fieldset>\n",
       "<legend>Search options:</legend>\n",
       "<input checked=\"checked\" class=\"form-radio\" id=\"edit-custom-search-paths-uosites\" name=\"custom_search_paths\" type=\"radio\" value=\"uoSites\"/>\n",
       "<label class=\"option\" for=\"edit-custom-search-paths-uosites\">Entire site</label>\n",
       "<br/>\n",
       "<input id=\"institution_header\" type=\"hidden\" value=\"UOTTAWA\"/>\n",
       "<input id=\"vid_header\" type=\"hidden\" value=\"UOTTAWA\"/>\n",
       "<input id=\"group_header\" type=\"hidden\" value=\"GUEST\"/>\n",
       "<input id=\"mode_header\" type=\"hidden\" value=\"Basic\"/>\n",
       "<input id=\"onCampus_header\" type=\"hidden\" value=\"true\"/>\n",
       "<input id=\"displayMode_header\" type=\"hidden\" value=\"full\"/>\n",
       "<input id=\"search_scope_header\" type=\"hidden\" value=\"default\"/>\n",
       "<input id=\"prefLang_header\" type=\"hidden\" value=\"en_US\"/>\n",
       "<input id=\"gnPrimoQuery\" type=\"hidden\"/>\n",
       "<input class=\"form-radio\" id=\"edit-custom-search-paths-uolib\" name=\"custom_search_paths\" type=\"radio\" value=\"uoLib\"/>\n",
       "<label class=\"option\" for=\"edit-custom-search-paths-uolib\">Library</label>\n",
       "<br/>\n",
       "<input class=\"form-radio\" id=\"edit-custom-search-paths-uoempldir\" name=\"custom_search_paths\" type=\"radio\" value=\"uoEmplDir\"/>\n",
       "<label class=\"option\" for=\"edit-custom-search-paths-uoempldir\">Employee directory</label>\n",
       "<br/>\n",
       "<a href=\"javascript:;\" id=\"uottawa-global-search-options-close\">Close</a>\n",
       "</fieldset>\n",
       "</div>\n",
       "<div id=\"uottawa-global-search-submit-wrapper\">\n",
       "<input class=\"form-submit\" id=\"uottawa-global-search-submit\" name=\"op\" type=\"submit\" value=\"Search\"/>\n",
       "</div>\n",
       "</form>\n",
       "</div> <!-- end site search -->\n",
       "<div id=\"uotttawa-a-z-link\">\n",
       "<a href=\"http://www.uottawa.ca/en/a-z\" hreflang=\"\" lang=\"\">A-Z Index</a>\n",
       "</div>\n",
       "</div> <!-- end wrap -->\n",
       "</div><!-- end hdr-top -->\n",
       "<div id=\"hdr-main\">\n",
       "<div class=\"wrap clearfix\">\n",
       "<div id=\"navigation\">\n",
       "<ul class=\"clearfix\">\n",
       "<li class=\"isparent\">\n",
       "<a href=\"http://www.uottawa.ca/en/programs\">Programs and courses</a>\n",
       "</li>\n",
       "<li class=\"isparent\">\n",
       "<a href=\"http://www.uottawa.ca/en/apply\">Future students</a>\n",
       "</li>\n",
       "<li class=\"isparent\">\n",
       "<a href=\"http://www.uottawa.ca/en/faculties\">Faculties</a>\n",
       "</li>\n",
       "<li class=\"isparent\">\n",
       "<a href=\"http://www.uottawa.ca/en/research\">Research</a>\n",
       "</li>\n",
       "<li>\n",
       "<a href=\"http://www.uottawa.ca/alumni\">Alumni</a>\n",
       "</li>\n",
       "<li class=\"active support\">\n",
       "<a href=\"http://giving.uottawa.ca/\">Support uOttawa</a>\n",
       "</li>\n",
       "</ul>\n",
       "</div> <!-- end navigation -->\n",
       "<div id=\"edition\"><a href=\"/\">Programs and courses</a></div>\n",
       "<!--htdig_noindex-->\n",
       "<!--\n",
       "\t\t\t<div id=\"breadcrumb\" class=\"clearfix\" role=\"navigation\">\n",
       "\t\t\t\t<div id=\"more-breadcrumbs\">\n",
       "<ul><li><a href=\"/\">Home</a><span class=\"crumbsep\">/</span></li><li><a href=\"/en/\">Programs&nbsp;and&nbsp;courses</a><span class=\"crumbsep\">/</span></li><li><a href=\"/en/graduate/\">Graduate&nbsp;Programs</a><span class=\"crumbsep\">/</span></li><li><span class=\"active\">Master of Arts Economics</span></li></ul>\n",
       "\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"#\" onclick=\"toggleBreadcrumbs(); return false;\" tabindex=\"0\" title=\"Close this panel\" class=\"close-panel\"><span class=\"sr-only\">Close this panel</span></a>\n",
       "\t\t\t\t</div>\n",
       "\t\t\t\t<div id=\"regular-breadcrumbs\">\n",
       "<ul><li><a href=\"/\">Home</a><span class=\"crumbsep\">/</span></li><li><a href=\"/en/\">Programs&nbsp;and&nbsp;courses</a><span class=\"crumbsep\">/</span></li><li><a href=\"/en/graduate/\">Graduate&nbsp;Programs</a><span class=\"crumbsep\">/</span></li><li><span class=\"active\">Master of Arts Economics</span></li></ul>\n",
       "\t\t\t\t</div>\n",
       "\t\t\t</div><!-- end #breadcrumb -->\n",
       "<!--/htdig_noindex-->\n",
       "</div><!-- end .wrap -->\n",
       "</div> <!-- end hdr-main -->\n",
       "</div> <!-- end header -->\n",
       "<!--/htdig_noindex-->\n",
       "<!--htdig_noindex-->\n",
       "<div id=\"cl-nav\">\n",
       "<div class=\"wrap clearfix\">\n",
       "<ul class=\"clearfix\">\n",
       "<!-- <li class=\"isparent\">\n",
       "\t\t\t\t<a href=\"#\">Academic essentials</a>\n",
       "\t\t\t\t<ul class=\"sub-menu\">\n",
       "\t\t\t\t\t<li class=\"menu__item is-leaf first leaf\"><a href=\"/en/\" title=\"\" class=\"menu__link\">Programs and courses</a></li>\n",
       "\t\t\t\t\t<li class=\"menu__item is-leaf leaf\"><a href=\"http://www.uottawa.ca/undergraduate-admissions\" title=\"\" class=\"menu__link\">Undergraduate admissions</a></li>\n",
       "\t\t\t\t\t<li class=\"menu__item is-leaf leaf\"><a href=\"http://www.uottawa.ca/undergraduate-course-registration/\" title=\"\" class=\"menu__link\">Undergraduate course enrolment</a></li>\n",
       "\t\t\t\t\t<li class=\"menu__item is-leaf leaf\"><a href=\"http://www.uottawa.ca/understanding-your-undergraduate-program/\" title=\"\" class=\"menu__link\">Understanding your undergraduate program</a></li>\n",
       "\t\t\t\t\t<li class=\"menu__item is-leaf leaf\"><a href=\"http://www.uottawa.ca/events-activities-and-campus-tours\" title=\"\" class=\"menu__link\">Events, activities and campus tours</a></li>\n",
       "\t\t\t\t\t<li class=\"menu__item is-leaf leaf\"><a href=\"http://www.uottawa.ca/make-changes-to-your-undergraduate-program/\" title=\"\" class=\"menu__link\">Make changes to your undergraduate program</a></li>\n",
       "\t\t\t\t\t<li class=\"menu__item is-leaf leaf\"><a href=\"http://www.uottawa.ca/university-fees/\" title=\"\" class=\"menu__link\">University fees</a></li>\n",
       "\t\t\t\t\t<li class=\"menu__item is-leaf leaf\"><a href=\"http://www.uottawa.ca/financial-aid-awards/\" title=\"\" class=\"menu__link\">Financial aid and awards</a></li>\n",
       "\t\t\t\t\t<li class=\"menu__item is-leaf leaf\"><a href=\"http://www.uottawa.ca/undergraduate-student-guide\" title=\"\" class=\"menu__link\">Undergraduate student guide</a></li>\n",
       "\t\t\t\t\t<li class=\"menu__item is-leaf leaf\"><a href=\"http://www.uottawa.ca/important-academic-dates-and-deadlines/\" title=\"\" class=\"menu__link\">Important academic dates and deadlines</a></li>\n",
       "\t\t\t\t\t<li class=\"menu__item is-leaf leaf\"><a href=\"https://web30.uottawa.ca/v3/SITS/timetable/Home.aspx?locale=en-CA\" title=\"\" class=\"menu__link\">Course and exam timetables</a></li>\n",
       "\t\t\t\t\t<li class=\"menu__item is-leaf leaf\"><a href=\"http://www.uottawa.ca/academic-documents/\" title=\"\" class=\"menu__link\">Requesting academic documents</a></li>\n",
       "\t\t\t\t\t<li class=\"menu__item is-leaf leaf\"><a href=\"http://www.uottawa.ca/forms-procedures/\" title=\"\" class=\"menu__link\">Forms and tools</a></li>\n",
       "\t\t\t\t\t<li class=\"menu__item is-leaf leaf\"><a href=\"http://www.uottawa.ca/graduate-studies/\" title=\"\" class=\"menu__link\">Graduate and postdoctoral studies</a></li>\n",
       "\t\t\t\t\t<li class=\"menu__item is-leaf last leaf\"><a href=\"http://www.uottawa.ca/obtain-your-degree/\" title=\"\" class=\"menu__link\">Obtain your degree</a></li>\n",
       "\t\t\t\t</ul>\n",
       "\t\t\t</li> -->\n",
       "<li class=\"isparent\" id=\"programs-link\">\n",
       "<a href=\"/en/programs/\">Programs</a>\n",
       "<ul class=\"sub-menu\">\n",
       "<li><a href=\"/en/programs/#filter=.filter_19\">Undergraduate</a></li>\n",
       "<li><a href=\"/en/programs/#filter=.filter_20\">Graduate</a></li>\n",
       "</ul>\n",
       "</li>\n",
       "<li><a href=\"/en/courses/\">Courses</a></li>\n",
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       "<div class=\"clearfix\" id=\"page-title-area\">\n",
       "<h1>Master of Arts Economics</h1><div id=\"progunits\"></div> </div>\n",
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       "<a href=\"#textcontainer\" onclick=\"return showSection('text');\">Overview</a></li>\n",
       "<li aria-controls=\"Admissiontextcontainer\" id=\"Admissiontexttab\" role=\"tab\">\n",
       "<a href=\"#Admissiontextcontainer\" onclick=\"return showSection('Admissiontext');\">Admission Requirements</a></li>\n",
       "<li aria-controls=\"Requirementstextcontainer\" id=\"Requirementstexttab\" role=\"tab\">\n",
       "<a href=\"#Requirementstextcontainer\" onclick=\"return showSection('Requirementstext');\">Program Requirements</a></li>\n",
       "<li aria-controls=\"Researchtextcontainer\" id=\"Researchtexttab\" role=\"tab\">\n",
       "<a href=\"#Researchtextcontainer\" onclick=\"return showSection('Researchtext');\">Research</a></li>\n",
       "<li aria-controls=\"Coursestextcontainer\" id=\"Coursestexttab\" role=\"tab\">\n",
       "<a href=\"#Coursestextcontainer\" onclick=\"return showSection('Coursestext');\">Courses</a></li>\n",
       "</ul>\n",
       "</div>\n",
       "<div class=\"tab_content\" id=\"textcontainer\" role=\"tabpanel\">\n",
       "<p>The Department of Economics offers a Master of arts and a PhD in Economics. The Master of arts program includes a co-op option and the PhD program is offered jointly with Carleton University.</p>\n",
       "<p>The programs are governed by the <a href=\"http://www.grad.uottawa.ca/Default.aspx?tabid=1807\" target=\"_blank\">general regulations</a> in effect for graduate studies of the University of Ottawa. The joint doctoral program is governed by the regulations and procedures for Joint Graduate Programs and the general regulations of the graduate faculty at each of the two universities.</p>\n",
       "<h2>Ottawa-Carleton Joint Doctoral Program in Economics</h2>\n",
       "<p>The joint doctoral is offered by the departments of economics at the University of Ottawa and Carleton University.</p>\n",
       "<p>The PhD program offers specialization for intensive study and thesis research in:</p>\n",
       "<ul>\n",
       "<li>Public Economics</li>\n",
       "<li>Industrial Organization</li>\n",
       "<li>Monetary Economics</li>\n",
       "<li>International Economics</li>\n",
       "<li>Economic Development</li>\n",
       "<li>Economics and the Environment</li>\n",
       "<li>Econometrics</li>\n",
       "<li>Labour Economics</li>\n",
       "</ul>\n",
       "<h2>Administration</h2>\n",
       "<p>Further information about the Joint doctoral program in Economics is available from the Director of Doctoral Studies in economics at either University:</p>\n",
       "<p>Department of Economics<br>\n",
       "Faculty of Social Sciences<br>\n",
       "University of Ottawa<br>\n",
       "Social Sciences Building<br/>\n",
       "120, University, Room 9005<br/>\n",
       "Ottawa ON K1N 6N5<br/>\n",
       "CANADA</br></br></br></p>\n",
       "<p><strong>or</strong></p>\n",
       "<p>Department of Economics<br/>\n",
       "Carleton University<br/>\n",
       "1125 Colonel By Drive<br/>\n",
       "Ottawa ON K1S 5B6<br/>\n",
       "CANADA</p></div><!--end #textcontainer -->\n",
       "<div class=\"tab_content\" id=\"Admissiontextcontainer\" role=\"tabpanel\">\n",
       "<a name=\"Admissiontext\"></a> <p>For the most accurate and up to date information on application deadlines, language tests and other admission requirements, please visit the <a href=\"https://www.uottawa.ca/graduate-studies/programs-admission/apply/specific-requirements\" target=\"_blank\">specific requirements</a> webpage.</p>\n",
       "<p>An honours bachelor's degree in Economics, or the equivalent, is required for admission to the master's program. An average of at least \"B\" (70%) is required in the honours undergraduate program.</p>\n",
       "<p>Note that the admission to the MA program is based on a competitive process and that a \"B\" average does not guarantee admission.</p>\n",
       "<p>Applicants may, in some cases, be admitted to a qualifying program designed to bring their knowledge to the level required to pursue a master's in Economics. To proceed to the master's level, a new application must be submitted.</p>\n",
       "<h2>Language Requirements</h2>\n",
       "<p>Proficiency in the English language is required for entry into the master's program.</p>\n",
       "<p>Proficiency in either English or French is required. Applicants whose first language is neither English nor French, or who have not graduated from a French-speaking or an English-speaking university, must provide proof of proficiency in one or the other.</p>\n",
       "<p>In accordance with the University of Ottawa regulation, assignments, examinations, research papers and theses can be produced in either English or French.</p>\n",
       "<h2>Co-op Option</h2>\n",
       "<p>To be admitted into the co-op option, students must commence the MA in economics program in the fall term and be enrolled full time. Applications for the co-op option must be received by the end of the first month of the student’s enrollment in the economics program. Acceptance into the co-op option is offered on a competitive basis and is managed by the Co-op Office. Inquiries should be directed to that office.</p>\n",
       "</div>\n",
       "<div class=\"tab_content\" id=\"Requirementstextcontainer\" role=\"tabpanel\">\n",
       "<a name=\"Requirementstext\"></a><h2>MA with Major Paper</h2>\n",
       "<table class=\"sc_courselist\" width=\"100%\">\n",
       "<caption class=\"hidden noscript\">Course List</caption>\n",
       "<thead><tr class=\"hidden noscript\"><th scope=\"col\">Code</th><th scope=\"col\">Title</th><th class=\"hourscol\" scope=\"col\">Units</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr class=\"even areaheader firstrow\"><td colspan=\"2\"><span class=\"courselistcomment areaheader\">Compulsory Courses:</span></td><td class=\"hourscol\"></td></tr>\n",
       "<tr class=\"odd\"><td class=\"codecol\"><a class=\"bubblelink code\" href=\"/search/?P=ECO%205185\" onclick=\"return showCourse(this, 'ECO 5185');\" title=\"ECO 5185\">ECO 5185</a></td><td>Econometrics I</td><td class=\"hourscol\">3 Units</td></tr>\n",
       "<tr class=\"even\"><td class=\"codecol\"><a class=\"bubblelink code\" href=\"/search/?P=ECO%206120\" onclick=\"return showCourse(this, 'ECO 6120');\" title=\"ECO 6120\">ECO 6120</a></td><td>Macroeconomic Theory IV</td><td class=\"hourscol\">3 Units</td></tr>\n",
       "<tr class=\"odd\"><td class=\"codecol\"><a class=\"bubblelink code\" href=\"/search/?P=ECO%206122\" onclick=\"return showCourse(this, 'ECO 6122');\" title=\"ECO 6122\">ECO 6122</a></td><td>Microeconomic Theory IV</td><td class=\"hourscol\">3 Units</td></tr>\n",
       "<tr class=\"even\"><td colspan=\"2\"><span class=\"courselistcomment\">9 elective course units in economics (ECO) at the graduate level</span> <sup>1</sup></td><td class=\"hourscol\">9 Units</td></tr>\n",
       "<tr class=\"odd areaheader\"><td colspan=\"2\"><span class=\"courselistcomment areaheader\">Major Research Paper:</span></td><td class=\"hourscol\"></td></tr>\n",
       "<tr class=\"even lastrow\"><td class=\"codecol\"><a class=\"bubblelink code\" href=\"/search/?P=ECO%206999\" onclick=\"return showCourse(this, 'ECO 6999');\" title=\"ECO 6999\">ECO 6999</a></td><td>Major Paper <sup>2</sup></td><td class=\"hourscol\">6 Units</td></tr>\n",
       "</tbody></table>\n",
       "<p>Note(s)</p>\n",
       "<table border=\"0\" class=\"sc_footnotes\" role=\"presentation\" width=\"100%\"><tr><td class=\"symcol\" valign=\"top\"><sup>1</sup></td><td class=\"notecol\"><p>6 course units may be taken outside the Department, subject to the Graduate Officer's approval.</p></td></tr><tr><td class=\"symcol\" valign=\"top\"><sup>2</sup></td><td class=\"notecol\"><p>The candidate must write a major paper (<span class=\"sc_courseinline\"><a class=\"bubblelink code\" href=\"/search/?P=ECO%206999\" onclick=\"return showCourse(this, 'ECO 6999');\" title=\"ECO 6999\">ECO 6999</a></span>) devoted to an empirical research or to a critical assessment of a theoretical question or a public policy issue under the supervision of a full-time member of the Department. The research paper will be evaluated by another professor appointed by the Department Chairperson.</p></td></tr></table>\n",
       "<h2>Co-op Option</h2>\n",
       "<p>Co-op students must enroll full-time and complete two work terms:</p>\n",
       "<ul>\n",
       "<li><span class=\"sc_courseinline\"><a class=\"bubblelink code\" href=\"/search/?P=SCS%206001\" onclick=\"return showCourse(this, 'SCS 6001');\" title=\"SCS 6001\">SCS 6001</a></span></li>\n",
       "<li><span class=\"sc_courseinline\"><a class=\"bubblelink code\" href=\"/search/?P=SCS%206002\" onclick=\"return showCourse(this, 'SCS 6002');\" title=\"SCS 6002\">SCS 6002</a></span> </li>\n",
       "</ul>\n",
       "<p>Each work term is graded P/F (pass/fail), based on the employer’s report and on the written report completed by the student. The report must be 30 pages, including appendices. The report is evaluated by the professor in charge of the graduate co-op option in Economics.</p>\n",
       "<p>The units awarded for co-op work terms may not be used to obtain equivalences for other courses. In other words, the co-op units are additional to the minimum requirements of the degree.</p>\n",
       "<p>To remain in the co-op option, students must:</p>\n",
       "<ul>\n",
       "<li>Be enrolled full-time.</li>\n",
       "<li>Maintain a 7.0 cumulative grade point average.</li>\n",
       "<li>Obtain a satisfactory grade (P) for each co-op work term.</li>\n",
       "</ul>\n",
       "<h2>Fast-Track from Master's to Doctoral Degree</h2>\n",
       "<p>Students enrolled in the MA program may be allowed to fast-track to the PhD program without being required to complete the Master's program. For additional information, please consult the “Admission Requirements” section of the PhD program.</p>\n",
       "<h2>Duration of the Program</h2>\n",
       "<p>Full-time students are normally expected to complete all requirements within three terms. The maximum time permitted is four years, whether full or part-time.</p>\n",
       "<h2>Minimum Standards</h2>\n",
       "<p>The passing grade in all courses is C+. Students who fail two courses (equivalent to 6 units) must withdraw from the program.</p>\n",
       "</div>\n",
       "<div class=\"tab_content\" id=\"Researchtextcontainer\" role=\"tabpanel\">\n",
       "<a name=\"Researchtext\"></a><h2>Research Fields &amp; Facilities</h2>\n",
       "<p>Located in the heart of Canada’s capital, a few steps away from Parliament Hill, the University of Ottawa is among Canada’s top 10 research universities.</p>\n",
       "<p>uOttawa focuses research strengths and efforts in four Strategic Areas of Development in Research (SADRs):</p>\n",
       "<ul>\n",
       "<li>Canada and the World</li>\n",
       "<li>Health</li>\n",
       "<li>e-Society</li>\n",
       "<li>Molecular and Environmental Sciences</li>\n",
       "</ul>\n",
       "<p>With cutting-edge research, our graduate students, researchers and educators strongly influence national and international priorities.</p>\n",
       "<h2>Research at the Faculty of Social Sciences</h2>\n",
       "<p>The Faculty of Social Sciences represents a place of excellence in knowledge creation, research and training. Driven by both disciplinary and interdisciplinary perspectives, research at the Faculty is rich, innovative and varied, contributing to the depth of understanding and breadth of discussions on a variety of issues nationally and internationally.  This research, whether it be fundamental, theoretical, applied or action-oriented, is generated by our renowned expertise, ultimately culminating in applications designed to influence individual communities and the betterment of society.</p>\n",
       "<p>We have identified five research themes which collectively represent a large proportion of the research undertaken at the Faculty of Social Sciences:</p>\n",
       "<ul>\n",
       "<li>International Studies</li>\n",
       "<li>Francophonie</li>\n",
       "<li>Public Policy</li>\n",
       "<li>Health, Well-Being</li>\n",
       "<li>Justice, Society</li>\n",
       "</ul>\n",
       "<h2>Facilities, Research Centres and Institutes at the Faculty of Social Sciences</h2>\n",
       "<p><a href=\"http://socialsciences.uottawa.ca/circem/\">Centre for Interdisciplinary Research on Citizenship and Minorities (CIRCEM)</a>, <a href=\"http://www.cips-cepi.ca/\">Centre for International Policy Studies (CIPS)</a>, <a href=\"http://socialsciences.uottawa.ca/public-management-policy/\">Centre for Public Management and Policy</a>, <a href=\"http://crecs.uottawa.ca/\">Centre for Research on Educational and Community Service (CRECS)</a>, <a href=\"http://socialsciences.uottawa.ca/governance/\">Centre on Governance (COG)</a>, <a href=\"http://cdp-hrc.uottawa.ca/en\">Human Rights Research and Education Centre (affiliation)</a>, <a href=\"http://socialsciences.uottawa.ca/feminist-gender-studies/\">Institute of Feminist and Gender Studies</a> and <a href=\"https://issp.uottawa.ca/en\">Institute for Science, Society and Policy</a>.</p>\n",
       "<p>For more information, refer to the list of faculty members and their research fields on <a href=\"https://uniweb.uottawa.ca/#!/themes/0/people\" target=\"_blank\"><strong>Uniweb</strong></a>. </p> <p><strong>IMPORTANT: Candidates and students looking for professors to supervise their thesis or research project can also consult the <a href=\"https://www.uottawa.ca/graduate-studies/students/academic-unit-contact-information\">website of the faculty or department</a> of their program of choice. Uniweb does not list all professors authorized to supervise research projects at the University of Ottawa.</strong></p>\n",
       "</div>\n",
       "<div class=\"tab_content\" id=\"Coursestextcontainer\" role=\"tabpanel\">\n",
       "<a name=\"Coursestext\"></a><div class=\"sc_sccoursedescs\">\n",
       "<div class=\"courseblock\">\n",
       "<p class=\"courseblocktitle noindent\"><strong>ECO 5114 Economic Growth (3 units)</strong></p>\n",
       "<p class=\"courseblockdesc noindent\">\n",
       "Analyses of capital accumulation and income distribution; measures of technical progress, general equilibrum theory, and labour markets; growth and institutions: the State, firms, financial markets; multisectorial growth.</p><p class=\"courseblockextra noindent\"><strong>Course Component: </strong>Lecture</p></div><div class=\"courseblock\">\n",
       "<p class=\"courseblocktitle noindent\"><strong>ECO 5116 Post-Keynesian Theory of Value and Profit (3 units)</strong></p>\n",
       "<p class=\"courseblockdesc noindent\">\n",
       "Historical perspective on the theory of the surplus. Characteristics of the post-Keynesian approach. Sraffa's contribution. Price and value theory. Theory of production and capital. Rent. Joint production. Analysis of the traverse. Applications and policy implications: intern ational trade and public finance.</p><p class=\"courseblockextra noindent\"><strong>Course Component: </strong>Lecture</p></div><div class=\"courseblock\">\n",
       "<p class=\"courseblocktitle noindent\"><strong>ECO 5185 Econometrics I (3 units)</strong></p>\n",
       "<p class=\"courseblockdesc noindent\">\n",
       "The classical model of multiple linear regression. Relaxation of the classical least-squares assumptions: autocorrelation, heteroscedasticity and multicollinearity. Generalized least-squares estimation. Simultaneous equation models: foundation, specification, identification, and estimation. Indirect least-squares and two-stage least squares methods of estimation. Distributed-lag models. Dummy variables. Pooling cross-section and time-series data. This course is equivalent to ECON 5027 at Carleton University.</p><p class=\"courseblockextra noindent\"><strong>Course Component: </strong>Lecture</p></div><div class=\"courseblock\">\n",
       "<p class=\"courseblocktitle noindent\"><strong>ECO 5514 Croissance économique (3 crédits)</strong></p>\n",
       "<p class=\"courseblockdesc noindent\">\n",
       "Analyses de la croissance et de la répartition; mesures du progrès technique, théorie de l'équilibre général, marchés du travail; croissance et institutions : l'état, les entreprises, le marché financier; croissance multisectorielle.</p><p class=\"courseblockextra noindent\"><strong>Volet : </strong>Cours magistral</p></div><div class=\"courseblock\">\n",
       "<p class=\"courseblocktitle noindent\"><strong>ECO 5516 Théorie post-keynésienne : Valeur et production (3 crédits)</strong></p>\n",
       "<p class=\"courseblockdesc noindent\">\n",
       "Historique de la théorie du surplus. Caractéristiques de la méthode post-keynésienne. La contribution de Sraffa. La théorie de la valeur et des prix. La théorie de la production et du capital. La rente. La plus-value. La production jointe. Analyses de la traverse. Applications et implications politiques : commerce international et finances publiques.</p><p class=\"courseblockextra noindent\"><strong>Volet : </strong>Cours magistral</p></div><div class=\"courseblock\">\n",
       "<p class=\"courseblocktitle noindent\"><strong>ECO 5585 Économétrie I (3 crédits)</strong></p>\n",
       "<p class=\"courseblockdesc noindent\">\n",
       "Le modèle classique de régression linéaire multiple. Abandon des postulats classiques des moindres carrés; autocorrélation, hétéroscedasticité et multicollinéarité. Moindres carrés généralisés. Modèles à plusieurs équations : fondements, spécification et identification. Méthodes d'estimation : moindres carrés indirects et doubles moindres carrés. Modèles à retards échelonnés. Variables dichotomiques. Combinaison des coupes instantanées et des séries temporelles de données. Ce cours est équivalent à ECON 5027 à la Carleton University.</p><p class=\"courseblockextra noindent\"><strong>Volet : </strong>Cours magistral</p></div><div class=\"courseblock\">\n",
       "<p class=\"courseblocktitle noindent\"><strong>ECO 6106 History of Economic Thought and Methodology (3 units)</strong></p>\n",
       "<p class=\"courseblockdesc noindent\">\n",
       "Evolution of economic thought, from the economic doctrines of antiquity to present times; critique and appraisal of scientific methods in economics. This course is equivalent to ECON 5209 at Carleton University.</p><p class=\"courseblockextra noindent\"><strong>Course Component: </strong>Lecture</p></div><div class=\"courseblock\">\n",
       "<p class=\"courseblocktitle noindent\"><strong>ECO 6108 Economic System Design (3 units)</strong></p>\n",
       "<p class=\"courseblockdesc noindent\">\n",
       "Deterministic dynamic optimization methods: economic and managerial applications of the maximum principle of Pontryagin and of dynamic programming. Discrete time stochastic dynamic optimization methods: Bayesian and Markovian decision theory, measures of risk-aversion and risk, portfolio theory, elements of search theory, applications of discrete time stochastic control to economics.</p><p class=\"courseblockextra noindent\"><strong>Course Component: </strong>Lecture</p></div><div class=\"courseblock\">\n",
       "<p class=\"courseblocktitle noindent\"><strong>ECO 6110 Introduction to Applied General Equilibrium Modelling (3 units)</strong></p>\n",
       "<p class=\"courseblockdesc noindent\">\n",
       "Computable general equilibrium (CGE) modelling: impacts of economic shocks; theoretical foundations; model specification, numerical solutions. Understanding model assumptions and interpretation of results.</p><p class=\"courseblockextra noindent\"><strong>Course Component: </strong>Lecture</p></div><div class=\"courseblock\">\n",
       "<p class=\"courseblocktitle noindent\"><strong>ECO 6120 Macroeconomic Theory IV (3 units)</strong></p>\n",
       "<p class=\"courseblockdesc noindent\">\n",
       "Macroeconomic theory, including topics such as economic growth, consumption, investment, real and nominal frictions in the goods, labour, and credit markets, models of short-run economic fluctuations, and monetary and fiscal policy design. This course is equivalent to ECON 5021 at Carleton University.</p><p class=\"courseblockextra noindent\"><strong>Course Component: </strong>Lecture</p></div><div class=\"courseblock\">\n",
       "<p class=\"courseblocktitle noindent\"><strong>ECO 6122 Microeconomic Theory IV (3 units)</strong></p>\n",
       "<p class=\"courseblockdesc noindent\">\n",
       "Microeconomic theory, including topics such as utility maximization and individual choice, decision-making under uncertainty, producer theory (technology, costs, and profit maximization), alternative market structures (competition, monopoly, and oligopoly), general equilibrium, and the economics of information. This course is equivalent to ECON 5020 at Carleton University.</p><p class=\"courseblockextra noindent\"><strong>Course Component: </strong>Lecture</p></div><div class=\"courseblock\">\n",
       "<p class=\"courseblocktitle noindent\"><strong>ECO 6130 Public Economics: Expenditure (3 units)</strong></p>\n",
       "<p class=\"courseblockdesc noindent\">\n",
       "The theory of public expenditures. Topics may include public goods and externalities, social insurance and redistribution, public provision of health care and education, public pension systems, and underemployment insurance. This course is equivalent to ECON 5401 at Carleton University.</p><p class=\"courseblockextra noindent\"><strong>Course Component: </strong>Lecture</p></div><div class=\"courseblock\">\n",
       "<p class=\"courseblocktitle noindent\"><strong>ECO 6131 Public Economics: Taxation (3 units)</strong></p>\n",
       "<p class=\"courseblockdesc noindent\">\n",
       "The study of tax systems. Concepts of equity and efficiency in taxation. The optimal design of tax structures using commodity, income, and capital taxes. Additional topics may include political economy of taxation, low-income support, environmental taxes, and tax evasion. This course is equivalent to ECON 5402 at Carleton University.</p><p class=\"courseblockextra noindent\"><strong>Course Component: </strong>Lecture</p></div><div class=\"courseblock\">\n",
       "<p class=\"courseblocktitle noindent\"><strong>ECO 6132 Fiscal Federalism (3 units)</strong></p>\n",
       "<p class=\"courseblockdesc noindent\">\n",
       "This course examines the economic aspects of federalism, including efficiency and redistribution, consideration of a federal system of government, intergovernmental grants, and problems of stabilization policy in a federal context.</p><p class=\"courseblockextra noindent\"><strong>Course Component: </strong>Lecture</p></div><div class=\"courseblock\">\n",
       "<p class=\"courseblocktitle noindent\"><strong>ECO 6133 Topics in the Theory of Public Economy (3 units)</strong></p>\n",
       "<p class=\"courseblockdesc noindent\">\n",
       "Topics may include political economy, tax incidence in general equilibrium, the theory and practice of tax reform, normative approaches to income redistribution, the theory of non-market decision-making, the non-profit sector, and social choice theory. This course is equivalent to ECON 5403 at Carleton University.</p><p class=\"courseblockextra noindent\"><strong>Course Component: </strong>Lecture</p></div><div class=\"courseblock\">\n",
       "<p class=\"courseblocktitle noindent\"><strong>ECO 6134 Topics in Environmental and Resource Economics (3 units)</strong></p>\n",
       "<p class=\"courseblockdesc noindent\">\n",
       "Topics may include international dimensions of environmental regulation, including treaties, competitiveness, and the effects of trade liberalization; development issues, including fiscal sustainability, Dutch disease, the resource curse, and population growth; resource topics, including optimal taxation, green national accounts, sustainability theory, and scarcity of extractive resources. This course is equivalent to ECON 5805 at Carleton University.</p><p class=\"courseblockextra noindent\"><strong>Course Component: </strong>Lecture</p></div><div class=\"courseblock\">\n",
       "<p class=\"courseblocktitle noindent\"><strong>ECO 6135 Topics in Industrial Organization (3 units)</strong></p>\n",
       "<p class=\"courseblockdesc noindent\">\n",
       "Topics may include vertical restraints and vertical integration, innovation and research and development, network economics, contract theory, search theory and advertizing, and industry studies. This course is equivalent to ECON 5305 at Carleton University.</p><p class=\"courseblockextra noindent\"><strong>Course Component: </strong>Lecture</p></div><div class=\"courseblock\">\n",
       "<p class=\"courseblocktitle noindent\"><strong>ECO 6140 Industrial Organization I (3 units)</strong></p>\n",
       "<p class=\"courseblockdesc noindent\">\n",
       "An examination of theories pertaining to industrial organization and their application by way of empirical studies. Topics include oligopoly theory, product differentiation, and strategic behaviour. This course is equivalent to ECON 5301 at Carleton University.</p><p class=\"courseblockextra noindent\"><strong>Course Component: </strong>Lecture</p></div><div class=\"courseblock\">\n",
       "<p class=\"courseblocktitle noindent\"><strong>ECO 6142 Industrial Organization II (3 units)</strong></p>\n",
       "<p class=\"courseblockdesc noindent\">\n",
       "Regulation and competition policy as alternative approaches for influencing industry conduct and performance and correcting market failures. Topics may include incentive regulation under asymmetric information, cost-based pricing, second-best pricing, peak-load pricing, rate-of-return regulation, price-cap regulation, access pricing, and regulatory capture. This course is equivalent to ECON 5303 at Carleton University.</p><p class=\"courseblockextra noindent\"><strong>Course Component: </strong>Lecture</p></div><div class=\"courseblock\">\n",
       "<p class=\"courseblocktitle noindent\"><strong>ECO 6143 Economics of Natural Resources (3 units)</strong></p>\n",
       "<p class=\"courseblockdesc noindent\">\n",
       "The concept of scarcity rents in static and dynamic settings. Basic property regimes: open access, exclusive access and common property. Policy instruments. The importance of transaction costs. General-equilibrium and political-economic aspects of property regimes. Conflict. Elements of dynamic optimization. Renewable and non-renewable resources. This course is equivalent to ECON 5803 at Carleton University.</p><p class=\"courseblockextra noindent\"><strong>Course Component: </strong>Lecture</p></div><div class=\"courseblock\">\n",
       "<p class=\"courseblocktitle noindent\"><strong>ECO 6151 Economics of the Environment (3 units)</strong></p>\n",
       "<p class=\"courseblockdesc noindent\">\n",
       "The environment as natural capital; environmental valuation techniques; elements of environmental income accounting; sustainable development theories and practice; institutional questions and policy issues. This course is equivalent to ECON 5804 at Carleton University.</p><p class=\"courseblockextra noindent\"><strong>Course Component: </strong>Lecture</p><p class=\"courseblockextra highlight noindent\">Prerequisite: ECO 6150 or the permission of the Department</p></div><div class=\"courseblock\">\n",
       "<p class=\"courseblocktitle noindent\"><strong>ECO 6160 International Trade: Theory and Policy (3 units)</strong></p>\n",
       "<p class=\"courseblockdesc noindent\">\n",
       "International trade theory and its implications for economic policy, with emphasis on topics such as determinants of trade and specialization, gains from trade and commercial policy, international factor mobility, growth, and development. This course is equivalent to ECON 5601 at Carleton University.</p><p class=\"courseblockextra noindent\"><strong>Course Component: </strong>Lecture</p></div><div class=\"courseblock\">\n",
       "<p class=\"courseblocktitle noindent\"><strong>ECO 6161 International Monetary Theory and Policy (3 units)</strong></p>\n",
       "<p class=\"courseblockdesc noindent\">\n",
       "International monetary theory and its implications for economic policy, with emphasis on topics such as sources of equilibrium and disequilibrium in the balance of payments, balance-of-payments adjustment under fixed versus flexible exchange rates, international capital movements, and recent issues in the international monetary system. This course is equivalent to ECON 5602 at Carleton University.</p><p class=\"courseblockextra noindent\"><strong>Course Component: </strong>Lecture</p></div><div class=\"courseblock\">\n",
       "<p class=\"courseblocktitle noindent\"><strong>ECO 6162 Topics in International Economics (3 units)</strong></p>\n",
       "<p class=\"courseblockdesc noindent\">\n",
       "Selected topics in international economics, including theoretical analysis, quantitative methods and policy formulation, implementation and evaluation. This course is equivalent to ECON 5603 at Carleton University.</p><p class=\"courseblockextra noindent\"><strong>Course Component: </strong>Lecture</p></div><div class=\"courseblock\">\n",
       "<p class=\"courseblocktitle noindent\"><strong>ECO 6170 Theory of Economic Development (3 units)</strong></p>\n",
       "<p class=\"courseblockdesc noindent\">\n",
       "Theoretical approaches in the economic development literature in relation to the historical, economic, environmental, social and political dimensions of the development process. This course is equivalent to ECON 5500 at Carleton University.</p><p class=\"courseblockextra noindent\"><strong>Course Component: </strong>Lecture</p></div><div class=\"courseblock\">\n",
       "<p class=\"courseblocktitle noindent\"><strong>ECO 6171 Economic Development: Domestic Aspects (3 units)</strong></p>\n",
       "<p class=\"courseblockdesc noindent\">\n",
       "Major domestic problems of economic development. Topics may include employment, income distribution, choice of technology, sectoral allocation of resources, human resources development, and domestic environment issues. This course is equivalent to ECON 5504 at Carleton University.</p><p class=\"courseblockextra noindent\"><strong>Course Component: </strong>Lecture</p></div><div class=\"courseblock\">\n",
       "<p class=\"courseblocktitle noindent\"><strong>ECO 6172 Economic Development: International Aspects (3 units)</strong></p>\n",
       "<p class=\"courseblockdesc noindent\">\n",
       "Key problems of international economic development such as trade in primary commodities and manufactures, financial flow and debt, the role of multinational corporations, the transfer of technology, and the international dimensions of environmental issues as they relate to the developing countries. This course is equivalent to ECON 5505 at Carleton University.</p><p class=\"courseblockextra noindent\"><strong>Course Component: </strong>Lecture</p></div><div class=\"courseblock\">\n",
       "<p class=\"courseblocktitle noindent\"><strong>ECO 6173 Environmental Aspects of Economic Development (3 units)</strong></p>\n",
       "<p class=\"courseblockdesc noindent\">\n",
       "Policy aspects of sustainable economic development and environmental quality in developing countries. Topics to include energy use, deforestation, drought and desertification, depletion of natural resources, debt, environment and poverty, sustainable industrial and agricultural development, conservation policies, pollution control and global environmental issues. This course is equivalent to ECON 5507 at Carleton University.</p><p class=\"courseblockextra noindent\"><strong>Course Component: </strong>Lecture</p></div><div class=\"courseblock\">\n",
       "<p class=\"courseblocktitle noindent\"><strong>ECO 6174 Health Economics (3 units)</strong></p>\n",
       "<p class=\"courseblockdesc noindent\">\n",
       "Review of both classic and frontier work in the field of health and health care economics. Empirical work with an emphasis on theory and methodology. This course is also relevant to students interested in broader empirical microeconomic research. This course is equivalent to ECON 5460 at Carleton University.</p><p class=\"courseblockextra noindent\"><strong>Course Component: </strong>Lecture</p></div><div class=\"courseblock\">\n",
       "<p class=\"courseblocktitle noindent\"><strong>ECO 6175 Micro-Econometrics (3 units)</strong></p>\n",
       "<p class=\"courseblockdesc noindent\">\n",
       "Analysis of the concepts and tools used in micro-econometrics with particular focus on empirical applicability. Topics may include discrete choice models, limited dependent variables, panel data, duration models, and program evaluation, together with relevant economic applications.  This course is equivalent to ECON 5712 at Carleton University.</p><p class=\"courseblockextra noindent\"><strong>Course Component: </strong>Lecture</p><p class=\"courseblockextra highlight noindent\">Prerequisite: <a class=\"bubblelink code\" href=\"/search/?P=ECO%205185\" onclick=\"return showCourse(this, 'ECO 5185');\" title=\"ECO 5185\">ECO 5185</a>.</p></div><div class=\"courseblock\">\n",
       "<p class=\"courseblocktitle noindent\"><strong>ECO 6176 Time-Series Econometrics (3 units)</strong></p>\n",
       "<p class=\"courseblockdesc noindent\">\n",
       "Analysis of the concepts and tools used in time-series econometrics with particular focus on empirical applicability. Topics may include cointegration analysis, error-correction models, VAR models, volatility analysis, and non-linear time-series models, together with relevant economic applications. This course is equivalent to ECON 5713 at Carleton University.</p><p class=\"courseblockextra noindent\"><strong>Course Component: </strong>Lecture</p><p class=\"courseblockextra highlight noindent\">Prerequisite: <a class=\"bubblelink code\" href=\"/search/?P=ECO%205185\" onclick=\"return showCourse(this, 'ECO 5185');\" title=\"ECO 5185\">ECO 5185</a>.</p></div><div class=\"courseblock\">\n",
       "<p class=\"courseblocktitle noindent\"><strong>ECO 6180 Foundations of Monetary Economics (3 units)</strong></p>\n",
       "<p class=\"courseblockdesc noindent\">\n",
       "Microeconomic foundations of monetary theory. Alternative theories of the existence of money and the micro-foundations for understanding how money is integrated into aggregate macroeconomic models. This course is equivalent to ECON 5606 at Carleton University.</p><p class=\"courseblockextra noindent\"><strong>Course Component: </strong>Lecture</p></div><div class=\"courseblock\">\n",
       "<p class=\"courseblocktitle noindent\"><strong>ECO 6181 Topics in Monetary Economics (3 units)</strong></p>\n",
       "<p class=\"courseblockdesc noindent\">\n",
       "Coverage of one or more areas of current research on the frontiers of monetary economics. This course is equivalent to ECON 5607 at Carleton University.</p><p class=\"courseblockextra noindent\"><strong>Course Component: </strong>Lecture</p></div><div class=\"courseblock\">\n",
       "<p class=\"courseblocktitle noindent\"><strong>ECO 6182 Monetary Economics and Financial Intermediation (3 units)</strong></p>\n",
       "<p class=\"courseblockdesc noindent\">\n",
       "The evolution of the financial system and its interrelationship with the money supply process. Monetary and finance theory and empirical research applied to institutional problems in both historical and contemporary settings. Topics may include credit markets, financial instability, bubbles, and links to central bank policy. This course is equivalent to ECON 5608 at Carleton University.</p><p class=\"courseblockextra noindent\"><strong>Course Component: </strong>Lecture</p></div><div class=\"courseblock\">\n",
       "<p class=\"courseblocktitle noindent\"><strong>ECO 6183 Exploration in Monetary Economics (3 units)</strong></p>\n",
       "<p class=\"courseblockdesc noindent\">\n",
       "Explorations in theory, policy recommendations, and empirical study. Course material challenges traditional approaches by examining such topics as the endogeneity of money, the role of credit, financial instability, the circuit approach, flow-of-funds analysis, sectoral stock-flow coherence, and functional finance. This course is equivalent to ECON 5609 at Carleton University.</p><p class=\"courseblockextra noindent\"><strong>Course Component: </strong>Lecture</p></div><div class=\"courseblock\">\n",
       "<p class=\"courseblocktitle noindent\"><strong>ECO 6191 Labour Economics I (3 units)</strong></p>\n",
       "<p class=\"courseblockdesc noindent\">\n",
       "The application of microeconomic and macroeconomic theory to the labour market. Topics include labour supply and labour demand, wage determination, human capital and the economics of education, and unemployment. This course is equivalent to ECON 5361 at Carleton University.</p><p class=\"courseblockextra noindent\"><strong>Course Component: </strong>Lecture</p></div><div class=\"courseblock\">\n",
       "<p class=\"courseblocktitle noindent\"><strong>ECO 6192 Labour Economics II (3 units)</strong></p>\n",
       "<p class=\"courseblockdesc noindent\">\n",
       "Personnel economics and contract theory. Topics include the economics of unions, discrimination, the economics of the household, gender and fertility, and labour mobility. This course is equivalent to ECON 5362 at Carleton University.</p><p class=\"courseblockextra noindent\"><strong>Course Component: </strong>Lecture</p></div><div class=\"courseblock\">\n",
       "<p class=\"courseblocktitle noindent\"><strong>ECO 6193 Advanced Topics in Labour Economics (3 units)</strong></p>\n",
       "<p class=\"courseblockdesc noindent\">\n",
       "Topics may include program evaluation, inequality, labour markets and health, labour markets and crime, and the structural estimation of labour market models. This course is equivalent to ECON 5363 at Carleton University.</p><p class=\"courseblockextra noindent\"><strong>Course Component: </strong>Lecture</p></div><div class=\"courseblock\">\n",
       "<p class=\"courseblocktitle noindent\"><strong>ECO 6304 Selected Topics in Applied Economics (3 units)</strong></p>\n",
       "<p class=\"courseblockdesc noindent\">\n",
       "Study of selected topics in applied economics; contents may change from year to year.</p><p class=\"courseblockextra noindent\"><strong>Course Component: </strong>Lecture</p></div><div class=\"courseblock\">\n",
       "<p class=\"courseblocktitle noindent\"><strong>ECO 6506 Histoire de la pensée économique et de la méthodologie (3 crédits)</strong></p>\n",
       "<p class=\"courseblockdesc noindent\">\n",
       "Évolution de la pensée économique des doctrines économiques de l'antiquité jusqu'à aujourd'hui; critique et évaluation des méthodes scientifiques en science économique. Ce cours est équivalent à ECON 5209 à la Carleton University.</p><p class=\"courseblockextra noindent\"><strong>Volet : </strong>Cours magistral</p></div><div class=\"courseblock\">\n",
       "<p class=\"courseblocktitle noindent\"><strong>ECO 6508 Analyse et contrôle des systèmes économiques dynamiques (3 crédits)</strong></p>\n",
       "<p class=\"courseblockdesc noindent\">\n",
       "Méthodes déterministes d'optimisation dynamique : applications économiques et managérielles du principe du maximum de Pontryagin et de la programmation dynamique. Méthodes stochastiques d'optimisation dynamique en temps discret : théorie de la décision Bayesienne et Markovienne, mesures de l'aversion au risque et du risque, théorie des portefeuilles, éléments de théorie de fouinage, applications économiques de la théorie du contrôle stochastique en temps discret.</p><p class=\"courseblockextra noindent\"><strong>Volet : </strong>Cours magistral</p></div><div class=\"courseblock\">\n",
       "<p class=\"courseblocktitle noindent\"><strong>ECO 6510 Modélisation en équilibre général calculable (3 crédits)</strong></p>\n",
       "<p class=\"courseblockdesc noindent\">\n",
       "La modélisation en équilibre général calculable (MEGC) : effets distributifs des chocs et politiques économiques; fondements théoriques des modèles d'équilibre général, les étapes requises pour la spécification de ces modèles et leur résolution numérique. Compréhension des hypothèses de ces modèles et interprétation des résultats.</p><p class=\"courseblockextra noindent\"><strong>Volet : </strong>Cours magistral</p></div><div class=\"courseblock\">\n",
       "<p class=\"courseblocktitle noindent\"><strong>ECO 6520 Théorie macroéconomique IV (3 crédits)</strong></p>\n",
       "<p class=\"courseblockdesc noindent\">\n",
       "La théorie macroéconomique, incluant des thèmes tels que la croissance économique, la consommation, l'investissement, les frictions réelles et nominales dans les marchés des biens, du travail et du crédit, les modèles de fluctuations économiques à court terme, et la formulation des politiques monétaires et fiscales. Ce cours est équivalent à ECON 5021 à la Carleton University.</p><p class=\"courseblockextra noindent\"><strong>Volet : </strong>Cours magistral</p></div><div class=\"courseblock\">\n",
       "<p class=\"courseblocktitle noindent\"><strong>ECO 6522 Théorie microéconomique IV (3 crédits)</strong></p>\n",
       "<p class=\"courseblockdesc noindent\">\n",
       "La théorie microéconomique, incluant des thèmes tels que la maximisation de l'utilité et les choix individuels, le processus décisionnel en présence d'incertitude, la théorie du producteur (technologie, coûts, et maximisation du profit), structures de marché (concurrence, monopole, et oligopole), équilibre général, et l'économie de l'information. Ce cours est équivalent à ECON 5020 à la Carleton University.</p><p class=\"courseblockextra noindent\"><strong>Volet : </strong>Cours magistral</p></div><div class=\"courseblock\">\n",
       "<p class=\"courseblocktitle noindent\"><strong>ECO 6530 Économie publique : Les dépenses (3 crédits)</strong></p>\n",
       "<p class=\"courseblockdesc noindent\">\n",
       "La théorie des dépenses gouvernementales. Les thèmes étudiés peuvent inclure : biens publics et externalités, assurance sociale et redistribution, provision publique de santé et d'éducation, régimes publics de pensions et d'assurance-chômage. Ce cours est équivalent à ECON 5401 à la Carleton University.</p><p class=\"courseblockextra noindent\"><strong>Volet : </strong>Cours magistral</p></div><div class=\"courseblock\">\n",
       "<p class=\"courseblocktitle noindent\"><strong>ECO 6531 Économie publique : L'imposition (3 crédits)</strong></p>\n",
       "<p class=\"courseblockdesc noindent\">\n",
       "L'étude des systèmes fiscaux. Les concepts d'équité et d'efficacité en fiscalité. L'imposition optimale de la consommation, des revenus et des capitaux. Les thèmes étudiés peuvent aussi inclure : l'économie politique liée à la fiscalité, le soutien aux individus à bas revenus, les taxes environnementales et l'évasion fiscale. Ce cours est équivalent à ECON 5402 à la Carleton University.</p><p class=\"courseblockextra noindent\"><strong>Volet : </strong>Cours magistral</p></div><div class=\"courseblock\">\n",
       "<p class=\"courseblocktitle noindent\"><strong>ECO 6532 Système fiscal du fédéralisme (3 crédits)</strong></p>\n",
       "<p class=\"courseblockdesc noindent\">\n",
       "Ce cours examine les aspects économiques du fédéralisme incluant la fiscalité et la redistribution des revenus et considère le système fédéral de gouvernement ainsi que les subventions intergouvernementales et les problèmes de stabilisation dans un contexte fédéral.</p><p class=\"courseblockextra noindent\"><strong>Volet : </strong>Cours magistral</p></div><div class=\"courseblock\">\n",
       "<p class=\"courseblocktitle noindent\"><strong>ECO 6533 Thèmes choisis en économie publique (3 crédits)</strong></p>\n",
       "<p class=\"courseblockdesc noindent\">\n",
       "Les thèmes étudiés peuvent inclure : l'économie politique, l'incidence fiscale en équilibre général, la théorie et la pratique de la réforme fiscale, les approches normatives à la redistribution du revenu, la théorie de la prise de décisions non-marchandes, le secteur à but non-lucratif et la théorie du choix social. Ce cours est équivalent à ECON 5403 à la Carleton University.</p><p class=\"courseblockextra noindent\"><strong>Volet : </strong>Cours magistral</p></div><div class=\"courseblock\">\n",
       "<p class=\"courseblocktitle noindent\"><strong>ECO 6534 Thèmes choisis en économie publique de l'environnement et des ressources (3 crédits)</strong></p>\n",
       "<p class=\"courseblockdesc noindent\">\n",
       "Les thèmes étudiés peuvent inclure : dimensions internationales de la réglementation environnementale, incluant les traités, la compétitivité, et les effets de la libéralisation des échanges; enjeux de développement, incluant la viabilité budgétaire, le mal hollandais, la malédiction des ressources, et la croissance de la population; thèmes liés aux ressources, incluant la taxation optimale, la comptabilité nationale verte, la théorie de la durabilité, et la rareté des ressources extractives. Ce cours est équivalent à ECON 5805 à la Carleton University.</p><p class=\"courseblockextra noindent\"><strong>Volet : </strong>Cours magistral</p></div><div class=\"courseblock\">\n",
       "<p class=\"courseblocktitle noindent\"><strong>ECO 6535 Thèmes choisis en organisation industrielle (3 crédits)</strong></p>\n",
       "<p class=\"courseblockdesc noindent\">\n",
       "Les thèmes étudiés peuvent inclure les restrictions verticales et l'intégration verticale, l'innovation et la recherche et développement, l'économie des réseaux, la théorie des contrats, la théorie de la recherche, la publicité, et des études sectorielles. Ce cours est équivalent à ECON 5304 à la Carleton University.</p><p class=\"courseblockextra noindent\"><strong>Volet : </strong>Cours magistral</p></div><div class=\"courseblock\">\n",
       "<p class=\"courseblocktitle noindent\"><strong>ECO 6540 Organisation industrielle I (3 crédits)</strong></p>\n",
       "<p class=\"courseblockdesc noindent\">\n",
       "Un examen des théories pertinentes à l'organisation industrielle et leurs applications sous forme d'études empiriques. Les thèmes incluent la théorie de l'oligopole, la différentiation du produit, et les comportements stratégiques. Ce cours est équivalent à ECON 5301 à la Carleton University.</p><p class=\"courseblockextra noindent\"><strong>Volet : </strong>Cours magistral</p></div><div class=\"courseblock\">\n",
       "<p class=\"courseblocktitle noindent\"><strong>ECO 6542 Organisation industrielle II (3 crédits)</strong></p>\n",
       "<p class=\"courseblockdesc noindent\">\n",
       "Réglementation et politique de la concurrence comme approches alternatives pour influencer la conduite et la performance de l'industrie, et corriger les failles de marché. Les sujets étudiés peuvent inclure la réglementation incitative avec information asymétrique, la tarification fondée sur les coûts, la tarification de second rang, la tarification en période de pointe, la réglementation du taux de rendement, le plafonnement des prix, les prix d'accès, et le détournement de la réglementation. Ce cours est équivalent à ECON 5303 à la Carleton University.</p><p class=\"courseblockextra noindent\"><strong>Volet : </strong>Cours magistral</p></div><div class=\"courseblock\">\n",
       "<p class=\"courseblocktitle noindent\"><strong>ECO 6543 Économie des ressources naturelles (3 crédits)</strong></p>\n",
       "<p class=\"courseblockdesc noindent\">\n",
       "Le concept de rente de rareté en environnements statique et dynamique. Régimes de propriété de base : libre accès, accès exclusif et propriété commune. Instruments de politiques. L'importance des coûts de transactions. Effets des régimes de propriété en équilibre général et considérations d'économie politique. Conflit. Éléments d'optimisation dynamique. Ressources renouvelables et non renouvelables. Ce cours est équivalent à ECON 5803 à la Carleton University.</p><p class=\"courseblockextra noindent\"><strong>Volet : </strong>Cours magistral</p></div><div class=\"courseblock\">\n",
       "<p class=\"courseblocktitle noindent\"><strong>ECO 6551 Économie de l'environnement (3 crédits)</strong></p>\n",
       "<p class=\"courseblockdesc noindent\">\n",
       "L'environnement comme capital naturel; techniques  d'évaluation environnementale; comptabilité environnementale; théorie et pratique de développement  durable; questions institutionnelles et problèmes de  politique publique. Ce cours est équivalent à ECON 5804 à la Carleton University.</p><p class=\"courseblockextra noindent\"><strong>Volet : </strong>Cours magistral</p><p class=\"courseblockextra highlight noindent\">Prerequisite: ECO 6150 or the permission of the Department.</p></div><div class=\"courseblock\">\n",
       "<p class=\"courseblocktitle noindent\"><strong>ECO 6560 Théorie et politique du commerce international (3 crédits)</strong></p>\n",
       "<p class=\"courseblockdesc noindent\">\n",
       "La théorie du commerce international et ses implications pour la politique économique sont examinées en mettant l'accent sur des sujets tels que les déterminants du commerce et de la spécialisation interne, les gains du commerce international et de la politique commerciale, la mobilité internationale des facteurs de production, croissance et développement. Ce cours est équivalent à ECON 5601 à la Carleton University.</p><p class=\"courseblockextra noindent\"><strong>Volet : </strong>Cours magistral</p></div><div class=\"courseblock\">\n",
       "<p class=\"courseblocktitle noindent\"><strong>ECO 6561 Les flux financiers internationaux : Théorie et politique (3 crédits)</strong></p>\n",
       "<p class=\"courseblockdesc noindent\">\n",
       "La théorie monétaire internationale et ses implications pour la politique économique, en mettant l'accent sur des sujets tels que les sources d'équilibre et de déséquilibre dans la balance des paiements, l'ajustement de la balance des paiements aux conditions de taux de change fixes et fluctuants, mouvements internationaux des capitaux et problèmes récents du système monétaire international. Ce cours est équivalent à ECON 5602 à la Carleton University.</p><p class=\"courseblockextra noindent\"><strong>Volet : </strong>Cours magistral</p></div><div class=\"courseblock\">\n",
       "<p class=\"courseblocktitle noindent\"><strong>ECO 6562 Thèmes choisis en économie internationale (3 crédits)</strong></p>\n",
       "<p class=\"courseblockdesc noindent\">\n",
       "Thèmes choisis en économie internationale, incluant l'analyse théorique, les méthodes quantitatives et la formulation, la mise en oeuvre et l'évaluation des politiques. Ce cours est équivalent à ECON 5603 à la Carleton University.</p><p class=\"courseblockextra noindent\"><strong>Volet : </strong>Cours magistral</p></div><div class=\"courseblock\">\n",
       "<p class=\"courseblocktitle noindent\"><strong>ECO 6570 Théorie du développement économique (3 crédits)</strong></p>\n",
       "<p class=\"courseblockdesc noindent\">\n",
       "Approches théoriques du développement économique dans la littérature en relation avec les dimensions historiques, économiques, environnementales, sociales et politiques du processus de développement. Ce cours est équivalent à ECON 5500 à la Carleton University.</p><p class=\"courseblockextra noindent\"><strong>Volet : </strong>Cours magistral</p></div><div class=\"courseblock\">\n",
       "<p class=\"courseblocktitle noindent\"><strong>ECO 6571 Aspects domestiques du développement économique (3 crédits)</strong></p>\n",
       "<p class=\"courseblockdesc noindent\">\n",
       "Analyse des problèmes majeurs du développement économique interne dont le chômage, la distribution des revenus, le choix des techniques, l'allocation sectorielle des ressources, le développement des ressources humaines et les questions environnementales domestiques. Ce cours est équivalent à ECON 5504 à la Carleton University.</p><p class=\"courseblockextra noindent\"><strong>Volet : </strong>Cours magistral</p></div><div class=\"courseblock\">\n",
       "<p class=\"courseblocktitle noindent\"><strong>ECO 6572 Développement économique : Aspects internationaux (3 crédits)</strong></p>\n",
       "<p class=\"courseblockdesc noindent\">\n",
       "Problèmes fondamentaux du développement économique international tels que le commerce en ressources primaires et biens manufacturés, les flux financiers et la dette, le rôle des entreprises multinationales, le transfert de technologie et les dimensions internationales des questions environnementales en relation avec les pays en voie de développement. Ce cours est équivalent à ECON 5505 à la Carleton University.</p><p class=\"courseblockextra noindent\"><strong>Volet : </strong>Cours magistral</p></div><div class=\"courseblock\">\n",
       "<p class=\"courseblocktitle noindent\"><strong>ECO 6573 Aspects environnementaux du développement économique (3 crédits)</strong></p>\n",
       "<p class=\"courseblockdesc noindent\">\n",
       "Politiques du développement durable et de la qualité de l'environnement dans les pays en voie de développement. Thèmes étudiés : l'utilisation de l'énergie, la déforestation, la sécheresse et la désertification, l'épuisement des ressources naturelles, la dette, l'environnement et la pauvreté, le développement durable dans l'industrie et l'agriculture, les politiques de conservation, le contrôle de la pollution et les problèmes de l'environnement global. Ce cours est équivalent à ECON 5507 à la Carleton University.</p><p class=\"courseblockextra noindent\"><strong>Volet : </strong>Cours magistral</p></div><div class=\"courseblock\">\n",
       "<p class=\"courseblocktitle noindent\"><strong>ECO 6574 Économie de la santé (3 crédits)</strong></p>\n",
       "<p class=\"courseblockdesc noindent\">\n",
       "Survol des travaux classiques et de pointe du domaine de l'économie de la santé et des soins de santé.  Recherche empirique avec accent sur la théorie et la méthodologie. Le cours sera  pertinent également pour les étudiants intéressés par la recherche microéconomique empirique. Ce cours est équivalent à ECON 5460 à la Carleton University.</p><p class=\"courseblockextra noindent\"><strong>Volet : </strong>Cours magistral</p></div><div class=\"courseblock\">\n",
       "<p class=\"courseblocktitle noindent\"><strong>ECO 6575 Microéconométrie (3 crédits)</strong></p>\n",
       "<p class=\"courseblockdesc noindent\">\n",
       "Analyse des concepts et outils utilisés en micro-économétrie avec un accent sur l'application empirique. Les thèmes pourraient inclure les modèles de choix discrets, les variables dépendantes limitées, les données de panel, les modèles de durée et l'évaluation de programmes, ainsi que des applications économiques pertinentes. Ce cours est équivalent à ECON 5712 à la Carleton University.</p><p class=\"courseblockextra noindent\"><strong>Volet : </strong>Cours magistral</p><p class=\"courseblockextra highlight noindent\">Préalable: <a class=\"bubblelink code\" href=\"/search/?P=ECO%205585\" onclick=\"return showCourse(this, 'ECO 5585');\" title=\"ECO 5585\">ECO 5585</a></p></div><div class=\"courseblock\">\n",
       "<p class=\"courseblocktitle noindent\"><strong>ECO 6576 Économétrie des séries chronologiques (3 crédits)</strong></p>\n",
       "<p class=\"courseblockdesc noindent\">\n",
       "Analyse des concepts et outils utilisés en économétrie des séries chronologiques avec accent sur l'application empirique. Les thèmes pourraient inclure l'analyse de cointégration, les modèles à correction d'erreur, les modèles VAR, l'analyse de volatilité et les modèles de séries chronologiques non-linéaires, ainsi que des applications économiques pertinentes. L'accent est mis sur l'application empirique avec de solides fondements économétriques. Ce cours est équivalent à ECON 5713 à la Carleton University.</p><p class=\"courseblockextra noindent\"><strong>Volet : </strong>Cours magistral</p><p class=\"courseblockextra highlight noindent\">Préalable: <a class=\"bubblelink code\" href=\"/search/?P=ECO%205585\" onclick=\"return showCourse(this, 'ECO 5585');\" title=\"ECO 5585\">ECO 5585</a></p></div><div class=\"courseblock\">\n",
       "<p class=\"courseblocktitle noindent\"><strong>ECO 6580 Fondements de l'économie monétaire (3 crédits)</strong></p>\n",
       "<p class=\"courseblockdesc noindent\">\n",
       "Fondements microéconomiques de la théorie monétaire. Théories alternatives de l'existence de la monnaie et les fondements microéconomiques de l'intégration de la monnaie dans les modèles macroéconomiques agrégés. Ce cours est équivalent à ECON 5606 à la Carleton University.</p><p class=\"courseblockextra noindent\"><strong>Volet : </strong>Cours magistral</p></div><div class=\"courseblock\">\n",
       "<p class=\"courseblocktitle noindent\"><strong>ECO 6581 Thèmes choisis en économie monétaire (3 crédits)</strong></p>\n",
       "<p class=\"courseblockdesc noindent\">\n",
       "Présentation d'un ou plusieurs domaines de recherche courante à la frontière de l'économie monétaire. Ce cours est équivalent à ECON 5607 à la Carleton University.</p><p class=\"courseblockextra noindent\"><strong>Volet : </strong>Cours magistral</p></div><div class=\"courseblock\">\n",
       "<p class=\"courseblocktitle noindent\"><strong>ECO 6582 Économie monétaire et intermédiaires financiers (3 crédits)</strong></p>\n",
       "<p class=\"courseblockdesc noindent\">\n",
       "Évolution du système financier et ses interrelations avec le processus d'offre de monnaie et avec la banque centrale. Théorie monétaire et financière et recherche empirique appliquée à l'analyse des problèmes institutionnels dans un contexte à la fois historique et contemporain. Les thèmes peuvent inclure les marchés du crédit, l'instabilité financière, les bulles, et les liens avec la politique de la banque centrale. Ce cours est équivalent à ECON 5608 à la Carleton University.</p><p class=\"courseblockextra noindent\"><strong>Volet : </strong>Cours magistral</p></div><div class=\"courseblock\">\n",
       "<p class=\"courseblocktitle noindent\"><strong>ECO 6583 Explorations en économie monétaire (3 crédits)</strong></p>\n",
       "<p class=\"courseblockdesc noindent\">\n",
       "Explorations des aspects théoriques, des recommandations politiques et des études empiriques de la théorie monétaire. Remise en question des approches traditionnelles à travers l'examen de thèmes tels l'endogénéité de la monnaie, le rôle du crédit, l'instabilité financière, l'approche du circuit, l'analyse du flux de fonds, cohérence sectorielle stock-flux, et finance fonctionnelle. Ce cours est équivalent à ECON 5609 à la Carleton University.</p><p class=\"courseblockextra noindent\"><strong>Volet : </strong>Cours magistral</p></div><div class=\"courseblock\">\n",
       "<p class=\"courseblocktitle noindent\"><strong>ECO 6591 Économie du travail I (3 crédits)</strong></p>\n",
       "<p class=\"courseblockdesc noindent\">\n",
       "Application de la théorie microéconomique et macroéconomique au marché du travail. Les thèmes abordés incluent l'offre et la demande de travail, la détermination des salaires, le capital humain et l'économie de l'éducation, et le chômage. Ce cours est équivalent à ECON 5361 à la Carleton University.</p><p class=\"courseblockextra noindent\"><strong>Volet : </strong>Cours magistral</p></div><div class=\"courseblock\">\n",
       "<p class=\"courseblocktitle noindent\"><strong>ECO 6592 Économie du travail II (3 crédits)</strong></p>\n",
       "<p class=\"courseblockdesc noindent\">\n",
       "L'économie du personnel et la théorie des contrats. Les thèmes abordés incluent l'économie des syndicats, la discrimination, l'économie des ménages, le genre et la fécondité, et la mobilité de la main-d'oeuvre. Ce cours est équivalent à ECON 5362 à la Carleton University.</p><p class=\"courseblockextra noindent\"><strong>Volet : </strong>Cours magistral</p></div><div class=\"courseblock\">\n",
       "<p class=\"courseblocktitle noindent\"><strong>ECO 6593 Thèmes avancés en économie du travail (3 crédits)</strong></p>\n",
       "<p class=\"courseblockdesc noindent\">\n",
       "Les thèmes pourraient inclure l'évaluation de programmes, les inégalités, le marché du travail et la santé, le marché du travail et la criminalité, et les estimations structurelles de modèles du marché du travail. Ce cours est équivalent à ECON 5363 à la Carleton University.</p><p class=\"courseblockextra noindent\"><strong>Volet : </strong>Cours magistral</p></div><div class=\"courseblock\">\n",
       "<p class=\"courseblocktitle noindent\"><strong>ECO 6704 Thèmes choisis en économie appliquée (3 crédits)</strong></p>\n",
       "<p class=\"courseblockdesc noindent\">\n",
       "Étude de thèmes choisis en économie appliquée; contenu variable selon l'année.</p><p class=\"courseblockextra noindent\"><strong>Volet : </strong>Cours magistral</p></div><div class=\"courseblock\">\n",
       "<p class=\"courseblocktitle noindent\"><strong>ECO 6900 Thèmes choisis en théorie économique / Selected Topics in Economic Theory (3 crédits / 3 units)</strong></p>\n",
       "<p class=\"courseblockdesc noindent\">\n",
       "Étude de thèmes choisis en théorie économique; contenu variable selon l'année. / Study of selected topics in economic theory; contents may change from year to year.</p><p class=\"courseblockextra noindent\"><strong>Volet / Course Component: </strong>Cours magistral / Lecture</p></div><div class=\"courseblock\">\n",
       "<p class=\"courseblocktitle noindent\"><strong>ECO 6900S Séminaire en théorie économique I (Geo.-Raeg.) (3 crédits / 3 units)</strong></p>\n",
       "<p class=\"courseblockextra noindent\"><strong>Volet / Course Component: </strong>Cours magistral / Lecture</p></div><div class=\"courseblock\">\n",
       "<p class=\"courseblocktitle noindent\"><strong>ECO 6901S Séminaire en théorie économique II / Selected Topics in Economic Theory II (3 crédits / 3 units)</strong></p>\n",
       "<p class=\"courseblockextra noindent\"><strong>Volet / Course Component: </strong>Cours magistral / Lecture</p></div><div class=\"courseblock\">\n",
       "<p class=\"courseblocktitle noindent\"><strong>ECO 6904 Thèmes choisis en économie appliquée / Selected Topics in Applied Economics (3 crédits / 3 units)</strong></p>\n",
       "<p class=\"courseblockdesc noindent\">\n",
       "Étude de thèmes choisis en économie appliquée; contenu variable selon l'année. / Study of selected topics in applied economics; contents may change from year to year.</p><p class=\"courseblockextra noindent\"><strong>Volet / Course Component: </strong>Cours magistral / Lecture</p></div><div class=\"courseblock\">\n",
       "<p class=\"courseblocktitle noindent\"><strong>ECO 6906 Thèmes choisis en politique économique / Selected Topics in Economic Policy (3 crédits / 3 units)</strong></p>\n",
       "<p class=\"courseblockdesc noindent\">\n",
       "Étude de thèmes choisis en politique économique; contenu variable selon l'année. / Study of selected topics in economic policy; contents may change from year to year.</p><p class=\"courseblockextra noindent\"><strong>Volet / Course Component: </strong>Cours magistral / Lecture</p></div><div class=\"courseblock\">\n",
       "<p class=\"courseblocktitle noindent\"><strong>ECO 6999 Mémoire / Major Paper (6 crédits / 6 units)</strong></p>\n",
       "<p class=\"courseblockextra noindent\"><strong>Volet / Course Component: </strong>Recherche / Research</p></div><div class=\"courseblock\">\n",
       "<p class=\"courseblocktitle noindent\"><strong>ECO 7002 Atelier / Workshop (6 crédits / 6 units)</strong></p>\n",
       "<p class=\"courseblockdesc noindent\">\n",
       "Ce cours est équivalent à ECON 6907 à la Carleton University. / This course is equivalent to ECON 6907 at Carleton University.</p><p class=\"courseblockextra noindent\"><strong>Volet / Course Component: </strong>Cours magistral / Lecture</p></div><div class=\"courseblock\">\n",
       "<p class=\"courseblocktitle noindent\"><strong>ECO 7004 Atelier / Workshop (6 crédits / 6 units)</strong></p>\n",
       "<p class=\"courseblockdesc noindent\">\n",
       "Ce cours est équivalent à ECON 6908 à la Carleton University. / This course is equivalent to ECON 6908 at Carleton University.</p><p class=\"courseblockextra noindent\"><strong>Volet / Course Component: </strong>Cours magistral / Lecture</p></div><div class=\"courseblock\">\n",
       "<p class=\"courseblocktitle noindent\"><strong>ECO 7119 Mathematical Foundations for Economic Theory (3 units)</strong></p>\n",
       "<p class=\"courseblockdesc noindent\">\n",
       "Mathematical techniques needed to understand micro- and macro-economic theory at the PhD level, and to carry out research. Real analysis. Review of static optimization. Continuous- and discrete-time dynamic optimization in deterministic and stochastic environments. Applications to economic theory are presented. This course is equivalent to ECON 6019 at Carleton University.</p><p class=\"courseblockextra noindent\"><strong>Course Component: </strong>Lecture</p><p class=\"courseblockextra highlight noindent\">Prerequisites: <a class=\"bubblelink code\" href=\"/search/?P=ECO%206120\" onclick=\"return showCourse(this, 'ECO 6120');\" title=\"ECO 6120\">ECO 6120</a> and <a class=\"bubblelink code\" href=\"/search/?P=ECO%206122\" onclick=\"return showCourse(this, 'ECO 6122');\" title=\"ECO 6122\">ECO 6122</a></p></div><div class=\"courseblock\">\n",
       "<p class=\"courseblocktitle noindent\"><strong>ECO 7126 Econometrics II (3 units)</strong></p>\n",
       "<p class=\"courseblockdesc noindent\">\n",
       "Selected topics from estimating and testing the regression and simultaneous equation models. Topics include maximum likelihood estimation, statistical analysis of residuals, auto-regressive and other time-series models, multivariate regression model, and elements of asymptotic statistical theory within the context of the simultaneous equation model. This course is equivalent to ECON 6027 at Carleton University.</p><p class=\"courseblockextra noindent\"><strong>Course Component: </strong>Lecture</p><p class=\"courseblockextra highlight noindent\">Prerequisite: <a class=\"bubblelink code\" href=\"/search/?P=ECO%205185\" onclick=\"return showCourse(this, 'ECO 5185');\" title=\"ECO 5185\">ECO 5185</a></p></div><div class=\"courseblock\">\n",
       "<p class=\"courseblocktitle noindent\"><strong>ECO 7177 Advanced Topics in Econometrics (3 units)</strong></p>\n",
       "<p class=\"courseblockdesc noindent\">\n",
       "Coverage of one or more areas of current econometric research. This course is equivalent to ECON 6714 at Carleton University.</p><p class=\"courseblockextra noindent\"><strong>Course Component: </strong>Lecture</p><p class=\"courseblockextra highlight noindent\">Prerequisite: <a class=\"bubblelink code\" href=\"/search/?P=ECO%207126\" onclick=\"return showCourse(this, 'ECO 7126');\" title=\"ECO 7126\">ECO 7126</a>.</p></div><div class=\"courseblock\">\n",
       "<p class=\"courseblocktitle noindent\"><strong>ECO 7526 Économétrie II (3 crédits)</strong></p>\n",
       "<p class=\"courseblockdesc noindent\">\n",
       "Thèmes choisis concernant l'estimation et les tests de modèles de régression et d'équations simultanées : estimateur du maximum de vraisemblance, analyse statistique des résidus, modèles autorégressifs et autres modèles de séries chronologiques, modèles de régressions multivariées, théorie asymptotique dans le contexte de modèles à équations simultanées. Ce cours est équivalent à ECON 6027 à la Carleton University.</p><p class=\"courseblockextra noindent\"><strong>Volet : </strong>Cours magistral</p><p class=\"courseblockextra highlight noindent\">Prerequisite: <a class=\"bubblelink code\" href=\"/search/?P=ECO%205585\" onclick=\"return showCourse(this, 'ECO 5585');\" title=\"ECO 5585\">ECO 5585</a></p></div><div class=\"courseblock\">\n",
       "<p class=\"courseblocktitle noindent\"><strong>ECO 7577 Thèmes avancés en économétrie (3 crédits)</strong></p>\n",
       "<p class=\"courseblockdesc noindent\">\n",
       "Étude d'un ou plusieurs domaines de recherche courante en économétrie. Ce cours est équivalent à ECON 6714 à la Carleton University.</p><p class=\"courseblockextra noindent\"><strong>Volet : </strong>Cours magistral</p><p class=\"courseblockextra highlight noindent\">Préalable : <a class=\"bubblelink code\" href=\"/search/?P=ECO%207526\" onclick=\"return showCourse(this, 'ECO 7526');\" title=\"ECO 7526\">ECO 7526</a></p></div><div class=\"courseblock\">\n",
       "<p class=\"courseblocktitle noindent\"><strong>ECO 7922 Théorie économique : microéconomie / Economic Theory: Microeconomics (3 crédits / 3 units)</strong></p>\n",
       "<p class=\"courseblockdesc noindent\">\n",
       "Théorie microéconomique au niveau gradué avancé, incluant des thèmes tels que la théorie des jeux, les externalités et les biens publics, l'équilibre général, et le bien être. Ce cours est équivalent à ECON 6020 à la Carleton University. / Advanced graduate-level microeconomic theory, including topics such as game theory, externalities and public goods, general equilibrium, and welfare.  This course is equivalent to ECON 6020 at Carleton University.</p><p class=\"courseblockextra noindent\"><strong>Volet / Course Component: </strong>Cours magistral / Lecture</p><p class=\"courseblockextra highlight noindent\">Préalables: <a class=\"bubblelink code\" href=\"/search/?P=ECO%206522\" onclick=\"return showCourse(this, 'ECO 6522');\" title=\"ECO 6522\">ECO 6522</a> et <a class=\"bubblelink code\" href=\"/search/?P=ECO%207119\" onclick=\"return showCourse(this, 'ECO 7119');\" title=\"ECO 7119\">ECO 7119</a> / Prerequisites: <a class=\"bubblelink code\" href=\"/search/?P=ECO%206122\" onclick=\"return showCourse(this, 'ECO 6122');\" title=\"ECO 6122\">ECO 6122</a> and <a class=\"bubblelink code\" href=\"/search/?P=ECO%207119\" onclick=\"return showCourse(this, 'ECO 7119');\" title=\"ECO 7119\">ECO 7119</a></p></div><div class=\"courseblock\">\n",
       "<p class=\"courseblocktitle noindent\"><strong>ECO 7923 Théorie économique : macroéconomique / Economic Theory : Macroeconomics (3 crédits / 3 units)</strong></p>\n",
       "<p class=\"courseblockdesc noindent\">\n",
       "Théorie macroéconomique au niveau gradué avancé avec emphase sur les modèles d'équilibre général dynamiques. Présentation des concepts théoriques principaux et exploration de la structure de base sous-jacente à ces modèles. Application à l'étude des décisions de consommation des ménages, d'investissement des entreprises, et à la croissance économique. Ce cours est équivalent à ECON 6021 à la Carleton University. / Advanced graduate-level macroeconomic theory with particular focus on dynamic general equilibrium models. Exposition of the main theoretical concepts and exploration of the basic structure underlying these models. Application to the study of household consumption decisions, firm investment decisions, and economic growth. This course is equivalent to ECON 6021 at Carleton University.</p><p class=\"courseblockextra noindent\"><strong>Volet / Course Component: </strong>Cours magistral / Lecture</p><p class=\"courseblockextra highlight noindent\">Préalables: <a class=\"bubblelink code\" href=\"/search/?P=ECO%206520\" onclick=\"return showCourse(this, 'ECO 6520');\" title=\"ECO 6520\">ECO 6520</a> et <a class=\"bubblelink code\" href=\"/search/?P=ECO%207119\" onclick=\"return showCourse(this, 'ECO 7119');\" title=\"ECO 7119\">ECO 7119</a> / Prerequisites: <a class=\"bubblelink code\" href=\"/search/?P=ECO%206120\" onclick=\"return showCourse(this, 'ECO 6120');\" title=\"ECO 6120\">ECO 6120</a> and <a class=\"bubblelink code\" href=\"/search/?P=ECO%207119\" onclick=\"return showCourse(this, 'ECO 7119');\" title=\"ECO 7119\">ECO 7119</a></p></div><div class=\"courseblock\">\n",
       "<p class=\"courseblocktitle noindent\"><strong>ECO 7980 Lectures dirigées / Directed  Readings (3 crédits / 3 units)</strong></p>\n",
       "<p class=\"courseblockdesc noindent\">\n",
       "Ce cours est équivalent à ECON 6904 à la Carleton University. / This course is equivalent to ECON 6904 at Carleton University.</p><p class=\"courseblockextra noindent\"><strong>Volet / Course Component: </strong>Cours magistral / Lecture</p></div><div class=\"courseblock\">\n",
       "<p class=\"courseblocktitle noindent\"><strong>ECO 7990 Examen de synthèse en microéconomie / PhD Comprehensive Exam in Microeconomics</strong></p>\n",
       "<p class=\"courseblockdesc noindent\">\n",
       "Ce cours est équivalent à ECON 6900 à la Carleton University. / This course is equivalent to ECON 6900 at Carleton University.</p><p class=\"courseblockextra noindent\"><strong>Volet / Course Component: </strong>Recherche / Research</p></div><div class=\"courseblock\">\n",
       "<p class=\"courseblocktitle noindent\"><strong>ECO 7991 Examen de synthèse en macroéconomie / PhD Comprehensive Exam in Macroeconomics</strong></p>\n",
       "<p class=\"courseblockdesc noindent\">\n",
       "Ce cours est équivalent à ECON 6902 à la Carleton University. / This course is equivalent to ECON 6902 at Carleton University.</p><p class=\"courseblockextra noindent\"><strong>Volet / Course Component: </strong>Recherche / Research</p></div><div class=\"courseblock\">\n",
       "<p class=\"courseblocktitle noindent\"><strong>ECO 9990 Examen de spécialisation I / Field Exam I</strong></p>\n",
       "<p class=\"courseblockdesc noindent\">\n",
       "Ce cours est équivalent à ECON 6905 à la Carleton University. / This course is equivalent to ECON 6905 at Carleton University.</p><p class=\"courseblockextra noindent\"><strong>Volet / Course Component: </strong>Recherche / Research</p></div><div class=\"courseblock\">\n",
       "<p class=\"courseblocktitle noindent\"><strong>ECO 9998 Examen général de doctorat / PhD Comprehensive Examination</strong></p>\n",
       "<p class=\"courseblockextra noindent\"><strong>Volet / Course Component: </strong>Cours magistral / Lecture</p></div></div>\n",
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    "# Alright so now we have soup object let's view the html code"
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     "text": [
      "To change text size, use the browser commands.\n",
      "In the toolbar, select View > Zoom > Zoom In, Reset or Zoom Out. On the keyboard, press COMMAND + to zoom in, COMMAND - to zoom out or COMMAND 0 to reset.\n",
      "In the toolbar, select View > Zoom In,  Actual Size or Zoom Out. On the keyboard, press COMMAND + (Mac) or CTRL + (Windows) to zoom in, COMMAND - (Mac) or CTRL - (Windows) to zoom out or COMMAND 0 (Mac) or CTRL 0 (Windows) to view actual size\n",
      "In the toolbar, select View > Zoom > Zoom In, Reset or Zoom Out. On the keyboard, press COMMAND + (Mac) or CTRL + (Windows) to zoom in, COMMAND - (Mac) or CTRL - (Windows) to zoom out or COMMAND 0 (Mac) or CTRL 0 (Windows) to view actual size\n",
      "In the toolbar, select Options > Zoom > Zoom In, Custom or Zoom Out. On the keyboard, press CTRL + to zoom in, CTRL - to zoom out or CTRL 0 to reset.\n",
      "The Department of Economics offers a Master of arts and a PhD in Economics. The Master of arts program includes a co-op option and the PhD program is offered jointly with Carleton University.\n",
      "The programs are governed by the general regulations in effect for graduate studies of the University of Ottawa. The joint doctoral program is governed by the regulations and procedures for Joint Graduate Programs and the general regulations of the graduate faculty at each of the two universities.\n",
      "The joint doctoral is offered by the departments of economics at the University of Ottawa and Carleton University.\n",
      "The PhD program offers specialization for intensive study and thesis research in:\n",
      "Further information about the Joint doctoral program in Economics is available from the Director of Doctoral Studies in economics at either University:\n",
      "Department of Economics\n",
      "Faculty of Social Sciences\n",
      "University of Ottawa\n",
      "Social Sciences Building\n",
      "120, University, Room 9005\n",
      "Ottawa ON K1N 6N5\n",
      "CANADA\n",
      "or\n",
      "Department of Economics\n",
      "Carleton University\n",
      "1125 Colonel By Drive\n",
      "Ottawa ON K1S 5B6\n",
      "CANADA\n",
      "For the most accurate and up to date information on application deadlines, language tests and other admission requirements, please visit the specific requirements webpage.\n",
      "An honours bachelor's degree in Economics, or the equivalent, is required for admission to the master's program. An average of at least \"B\" (70%) is required in the honours undergraduate program.\n",
      "Note that the admission to the MA program is based on a competitive process and that a \"B\" average does not guarantee admission.\n",
      "Applicants may, in some cases, be admitted to a qualifying program designed to bring their knowledge to the level required to pursue a master's in Economics. To proceed to the master's level, a new application must be submitted.\n",
      "Proficiency in the English language is required for entry into the master's program.\n",
      "Proficiency in either English or French is required. Applicants whose first language is neither English nor French, or who have not graduated from a French-speaking or an English-speaking university, must provide proof of proficiency in one or the other.\n",
      "In accordance with the University of Ottawa regulation, assignments, examinations, research papers and theses can be produced in either English or French.\n",
      "To be admitted into the co-op option, students must commence the MA in economics program in the fall term and be enrolled full time. Applications for the co-op option must be received by the end of the first month of the student’s enrollment in the economics program. Acceptance into the co-op option is offered on a competitive basis and is managed by the Co-op Office. Inquiries should be directed to that office.\n",
      "Note(s)\n",
      "6 course units may be taken outside the Department, subject to the Graduate Officer's approval.\n",
      "The candidate must write a major paper (ECO 6999) devoted to an empirical research or to a critical assessment of a theoretical question or a public policy issue under the supervision of a full-time member of the Department. The research paper will be evaluated by another professor appointed by the Department Chairperson.\n",
      "Co-op students must enroll full-time and complete two work terms:\n",
      "Each work term is graded P/F (pass/fail), based on the employer’s report and on the written report completed by the student. The report must be 30 pages, including appendices. The report is evaluated by the professor in charge of the graduate co-op option in Economics.\n",
      "The units awarded for co-op work terms may not be used to obtain equivalences for other courses. In other words, the co-op units are additional to the minimum requirements of the degree.\n",
      "To remain in the co-op option, students must:\n",
      "Students enrolled in the MA program may be allowed to fast-track to the PhD program without being required to complete the Master's program. For additional information, please consult the “Admission Requirements” section of the PhD program.\n",
      "Full-time students are normally expected to complete all requirements within three terms. The maximum time permitted is four years, whether full or part-time.\n",
      "The passing grade in all courses is C+. Students who fail two courses (equivalent to 6 units) must withdraw from the program.\n",
      "Located in the heart of Canada’s capital, a few steps away from Parliament Hill, the University of Ottawa is among Canada’s top 10 research universities.\n",
      "uOttawa focuses research strengths and efforts in four Strategic Areas of Development in Research (SADRs):\n",
      "With cutting-edge research, our graduate students, researchers and educators strongly influence national and international priorities.\n",
      "The Faculty of Social Sciences represents a place of excellence in knowledge creation, research and training. Driven by both disciplinary and interdisciplinary perspectives, research at the Faculty is rich, innovative and varied, contributing to the depth of understanding and breadth of discussions on a variety of issues nationally and internationally.  This research, whether it be fundamental, theoretical, applied or action-oriented, is generated by our renowned expertise, ultimately culminating in applications designed to influence individual communities and the betterment of society.\n",
      "We have identified five research themes which collectively represent a large proportion of the research undertaken at the Faculty of Social Sciences:\n",
      "Centre for Interdisciplinary Research on Citizenship and Minorities (CIRCEM), Centre for International Policy Studies (CIPS), Centre for Public Management and Policy, Centre for Research on Educational and Community Service (CRECS), Centre on Governance (COG), Human Rights Research and Education Centre (affiliation), Institute of Feminist and Gender Studies and Institute for Science, Society and Policy.\n",
      "For more information, refer to the list of faculty members and their research fields on Uniweb. \n",
      "IMPORTANT: Candidates and students looking for professors to supervise their thesis or research project can also consult the website of the faculty or department of their program of choice. Uniweb does not list all professors authorized to supervise research projects at the University of Ottawa.\n",
      "ECO 5114 Economic Growth (3 units)\n",
      "\n",
      "Analyses of capital accumulation and income distribution; measures of technical progress, general equilibrum theory, and labour markets; growth and institutions: the State, firms, financial markets; multisectorial growth.\n",
      "Course Component: Lecture\n",
      "ECO 5116 Post-Keynesian Theory of Value and Profit (3 units)\n",
      "\n",
      "Historical perspective on the theory of the surplus. Characteristics of the post-Keynesian approach. Sraffa's contribution. Price and value theory. Theory of production and capital. Rent. Joint production. Analysis of the traverse. Applications and policy implications: intern ational trade and public finance.\n",
      "Course Component: Lecture\n",
      "ECO 5185 Econometrics I (3 units)\n",
      "\n",
      "The classical model of multiple linear regression. Relaxation of the classical least-squares assumptions: autocorrelation, heteroscedasticity and multicollinearity. Generalized least-squares estimation. Simultaneous equation models: foundation, specification, identification, and estimation. Indirect least-squares and two-stage least squares methods of estimation. Distributed-lag models. Dummy variables. Pooling cross-section and time-series data. This course is equivalent to ECON 5027 at Carleton University.\n",
      "Course Component: Lecture\n",
      "ECO 5514 Croissance économique (3 crédits)\n",
      "\n",
      "Analyses de la croissance et de la répartition; mesures du progrès technique, théorie de l'équilibre général, marchés du travail; croissance et institutions : l'état, les entreprises, le marché financier; croissance multisectorielle.\n",
      "Volet : Cours magistral\n",
      "ECO 5516 Théorie post-keynésienne : Valeur et production (3 crédits)\n",
      "\n",
      "Historique de la théorie du surplus. Caractéristiques de la méthode post-keynésienne. La contribution de Sraffa. La théorie de la valeur et des prix. La théorie de la production et du capital. La rente. La plus-value. La production jointe. Analyses de la traverse. Applications et implications politiques : commerce international et finances publiques.\n",
      "Volet : Cours magistral\n",
      "ECO 5585 Économétrie I (3 crédits)\n",
      "\n",
      "Le modèle classique de régression linéaire multiple. Abandon des postulats classiques des moindres carrés; autocorrélation, hétéroscedasticité et multicollinéarité. Moindres carrés généralisés. Modèles à plusieurs équations : fondements, spécification et identification. Méthodes d'estimation : moindres carrés indirects et doubles moindres carrés. Modèles à retards échelonnés. Variables dichotomiques. Combinaison des coupes instantanées et des séries temporelles de données. Ce cours est équivalent à ECON 5027 à la Carleton University.\n",
      "Volet : Cours magistral\n",
      "ECO 6106 History of Economic Thought and Methodology (3 units)\n",
      "\n",
      "Evolution of economic thought, from the economic doctrines of antiquity to present times; critique and appraisal of scientific methods in economics. This course is equivalent to ECON 5209 at Carleton University.\n",
      "Course Component: Lecture\n",
      "ECO 6108 Economic System Design (3 units)\n",
      "\n",
      "Deterministic dynamic optimization methods: economic and managerial applications of the maximum principle of Pontryagin and of dynamic programming. Discrete time stochastic dynamic optimization methods: Bayesian and Markovian decision theory, measures of risk-aversion and risk, portfolio theory, elements of search theory, applications of discrete time stochastic control to economics.\n",
      "Course Component: Lecture\n",
      "ECO 6110 Introduction to Applied General Equilibrium Modelling (3 units)\n",
      "\n",
      "Computable general equilibrium (CGE) modelling: impacts of economic shocks; theoretical foundations; model specification, numerical solutions. Understanding model assumptions and interpretation of results.\n",
      "Course Component: Lecture\n",
      "ECO 6120 Macroeconomic Theory IV (3 units)\n",
      "\n",
      "Macroeconomic theory, including topics such as economic growth, consumption, investment, real and nominal frictions in the goods, labour, and credit markets, models of short-run economic fluctuations, and monetary and fiscal policy design. This course is equivalent to ECON 5021 at Carleton University.\n",
      "Course Component: Lecture\n",
      "ECO 6122 Microeconomic Theory IV (3 units)\n",
      "\n",
      "Microeconomic theory, including topics such as utility maximization and individual choice, decision-making under uncertainty, producer theory (technology, costs, and profit maximization), alternative market structures (competition, monopoly, and oligopoly), general equilibrium, and the economics of information. This course is equivalent to ECON 5020 at Carleton University.\n",
      "Course Component: Lecture\n",
      "ECO 6130 Public Economics: Expenditure (3 units)\n",
      "\n",
      "The theory of public expenditures. Topics may include public goods and externalities, social insurance and redistribution, public provision of health care and education, public pension systems, and underemployment insurance. This course is equivalent to ECON 5401 at Carleton University.\n",
      "Course Component: Lecture\n",
      "ECO 6131 Public Economics: Taxation (3 units)\n",
      "\n",
      "The study of tax systems. Concepts of equity and efficiency in taxation. The optimal design of tax structures using commodity, income, and capital taxes. Additional topics may include political economy of taxation, low-income support, environmental taxes, and tax evasion. This course is equivalent to ECON 5402 at Carleton University.\n",
      "Course Component: Lecture\n",
      "ECO 6132 Fiscal Federalism (3 units)\n",
      "\n",
      "This course examines the economic aspects of federalism, including efficiency and redistribution, consideration of a federal system of government, intergovernmental grants, and problems of stabilization policy in a federal context.\n",
      "Course Component: Lecture\n",
      "ECO 6133 Topics in the Theory of Public Economy (3 units)\n",
      "\n",
      "Topics may include political economy, tax incidence in general equilibrium, the theory and practice of tax reform, normative approaches to income redistribution, the theory of non-market decision-making, the non-profit sector, and social choice theory. This course is equivalent to ECON 5403 at Carleton University.\n",
      "Course Component: Lecture\n",
      "ECO 6134 Topics in Environmental and Resource Economics (3 units)\n",
      "\n",
      "Topics may include international dimensions of environmental regulation, including treaties, competitiveness, and the effects of trade liberalization; development issues, including fiscal sustainability, Dutch disease, the resource curse, and population growth; resource topics, including optimal taxation, green national accounts, sustainability theory, and scarcity of extractive resources. This course is equivalent to ECON 5805 at Carleton University.\n",
      "Course Component: Lecture\n",
      "ECO 6135 Topics in Industrial Organization (3 units)\n",
      "\n",
      "Topics may include vertical restraints and vertical integration, innovation and research and development, network economics, contract theory, search theory and advertizing, and industry studies. This course is equivalent to ECON 5305 at Carleton University.\n",
      "Course Component: Lecture\n",
      "ECO 6140 Industrial Organization I (3 units)\n",
      "\n",
      "An examination of theories pertaining to industrial organization and their application by way of empirical studies. Topics include oligopoly theory, product differentiation, and strategic behaviour. This course is equivalent to ECON 5301 at Carleton University.\n",
      "Course Component: Lecture\n",
      "ECO 6142 Industrial Organization II (3 units)\n",
      "\n",
      "Regulation and competition policy as alternative approaches for influencing industry conduct and performance and correcting market failures. Topics may include incentive regulation under asymmetric information, cost-based pricing, second-best pricing, peak-load pricing, rate-of-return regulation, price-cap regulation, access pricing, and regulatory capture. This course is equivalent to ECON 5303 at Carleton University.\n",
      "Course Component: Lecture\n",
      "ECO 6143 Economics of Natural Resources (3 units)\n",
      "\n",
      "The concept of scarcity rents in static and dynamic settings. Basic property regimes: open access, exclusive access and common property. Policy instruments. The importance of transaction costs. General-equilibrium and political-economic aspects of property regimes. Conflict. Elements of dynamic optimization. Renewable and non-renewable resources. This course is equivalent to ECON 5803 at Carleton University.\n",
      "Course Component: Lecture\n",
      "ECO 6151 Economics of the Environment (3 units)\n",
      "\n",
      "The environment as natural capital; environmental valuation techniques; elements of environmental income accounting; sustainable development theories and practice; institutional questions and policy issues. This course is equivalent to ECON 5804 at Carleton University.\n",
      "Course Component: Lecture\n",
      "Prerequisite: ECO 6150 or the permission of the Department\n",
      "ECO 6160 International Trade: Theory and Policy (3 units)\n",
      "\n",
      "International trade theory and its implications for economic policy, with emphasis on topics such as determinants of trade and specialization, gains from trade and commercial policy, international factor mobility, growth, and development. This course is equivalent to ECON 5601 at Carleton University.\n",
      "Course Component: Lecture\n",
      "ECO 6161 International Monetary Theory and Policy (3 units)\n",
      "\n",
      "International monetary theory and its implications for economic policy, with emphasis on topics such as sources of equilibrium and disequilibrium in the balance of payments, balance-of-payments adjustment under fixed versus flexible exchange rates, international capital movements, and recent issues in the international monetary system. This course is equivalent to ECON 5602 at Carleton University.\n",
      "Course Component: Lecture\n",
      "ECO 6162 Topics in International Economics (3 units)\n",
      "\n",
      "Selected topics in international economics, including theoretical analysis, quantitative methods and policy formulation, implementation and evaluation. This course is equivalent to ECON 5603 at Carleton University.\n",
      "Course Component: Lecture\n",
      "ECO 6170 Theory of Economic Development (3 units)\n",
      "\n",
      "Theoretical approaches in the economic development literature in relation to the historical, economic, environmental, social and political dimensions of the development process. This course is equivalent to ECON 5500 at Carleton University.\n",
      "Course Component: Lecture\n",
      "ECO 6171 Economic Development: Domestic Aspects (3 units)\n",
      "\n",
      "Major domestic problems of economic development. Topics may include employment, income distribution, choice of technology, sectoral allocation of resources, human resources development, and domestic environment issues. This course is equivalent to ECON 5504 at Carleton University.\n",
      "Course Component: Lecture\n",
      "ECO 6172 Economic Development: International Aspects (3 units)\n",
      "\n",
      "Key problems of international economic development such as trade in primary commodities and manufactures, financial flow and debt, the role of multinational corporations, the transfer of technology, and the international dimensions of environmental issues as they relate to the developing countries. This course is equivalent to ECON 5505 at Carleton University.\n",
      "Course Component: Lecture\n",
      "ECO 6173 Environmental Aspects of Economic Development (3 units)\n",
      "\n",
      "Policy aspects of sustainable economic development and environmental quality in developing countries. Topics to include energy use, deforestation, drought and desertification, depletion of natural resources, debt, environment and poverty, sustainable industrial and agricultural development, conservation policies, pollution control and global environmental issues. This course is equivalent to ECON 5507 at Carleton University.\n",
      "Course Component: Lecture\n",
      "ECO 6174 Health Economics (3 units)\n",
      "\n",
      "Review of both classic and frontier work in the field of health and health care economics. Empirical work with an emphasis on theory and methodology. This course is also relevant to students interested in broader empirical microeconomic research. This course is equivalent to ECON 5460 at Carleton University.\n",
      "Course Component: Lecture\n",
      "ECO 6175 Micro-Econometrics (3 units)\n",
      "\n",
      "Analysis of the concepts and tools used in micro-econometrics with particular focus on empirical applicability. Topics may include discrete choice models, limited dependent variables, panel data, duration models, and program evaluation, together with relevant economic applications.  This course is equivalent to ECON 5712 at Carleton University.\n",
      "Course Component: Lecture\n",
      "Prerequisite: ECO 5185.\n",
      "ECO 6176 Time-Series Econometrics (3 units)\n",
      "\n",
      "Analysis of the concepts and tools used in time-series econometrics with particular focus on empirical applicability. Topics may include cointegration analysis, error-correction models, VAR models, volatility analysis, and non-linear time-series models, together with relevant economic applications. This course is equivalent to ECON 5713 at Carleton University.\n",
      "Course Component: Lecture\n",
      "Prerequisite: ECO 5185.\n",
      "ECO 6180 Foundations of Monetary Economics (3 units)\n",
      "\n",
      "Microeconomic foundations of monetary theory. Alternative theories of the existence of money and the micro-foundations for understanding how money is integrated into aggregate macroeconomic models. This course is equivalent to ECON 5606 at Carleton University.\n",
      "Course Component: Lecture\n",
      "ECO 6181 Topics in Monetary Economics (3 units)\n",
      "\n",
      "Coverage of one or more areas of current research on the frontiers of monetary economics. This course is equivalent to ECON 5607 at Carleton University.\n",
      "Course Component: Lecture\n",
      "ECO 6182 Monetary Economics and Financial Intermediation (3 units)\n",
      "\n",
      "The evolution of the financial system and its interrelationship with the money supply process. Monetary and finance theory and empirical research applied to institutional problems in both historical and contemporary settings. Topics may include credit markets, financial instability, bubbles, and links to central bank policy. This course is equivalent to ECON 5608 at Carleton University.\n",
      "Course Component: Lecture\n",
      "ECO 6183 Exploration in Monetary Economics (3 units)\n",
      "\n",
      "Explorations in theory, policy recommendations, and empirical study. Course material challenges traditional approaches by examining such topics as the endogeneity of money, the role of credit, financial instability, the circuit approach, flow-of-funds analysis, sectoral stock-flow coherence, and functional finance. This course is equivalent to ECON 5609 at Carleton University.\n",
      "Course Component: Lecture\n",
      "ECO 6191 Labour Economics I (3 units)\n",
      "\n",
      "The application of microeconomic and macroeconomic theory to the labour market. Topics include labour supply and labour demand, wage determination, human capital and the economics of education, and unemployment. This course is equivalent to ECON 5361 at Carleton University.\n",
      "Course Component: Lecture\n",
      "ECO 6192 Labour Economics II (3 units)\n",
      "\n",
      "Personnel economics and contract theory. Topics include the economics of unions, discrimination, the economics of the household, gender and fertility, and labour mobility. This course is equivalent to ECON 5362 at Carleton University.\n",
      "Course Component: Lecture\n",
      "ECO 6193 Advanced Topics in Labour Economics (3 units)\n",
      "\n",
      "Topics may include program evaluation, inequality, labour markets and health, labour markets and crime, and the structural estimation of labour market models. This course is equivalent to ECON 5363 at Carleton University.\n",
      "Course Component: Lecture\n",
      "ECO 6304 Selected Topics in Applied Economics (3 units)\n",
      "\n",
      "Study of selected topics in applied economics; contents may change from year to year.\n",
      "Course Component: Lecture\n",
      "ECO 6506 Histoire de la pensée économique et de la méthodologie (3 crédits)\n",
      "\n",
      "Évolution de la pensée économique des doctrines économiques de l'antiquité jusqu'à aujourd'hui; critique et évaluation des méthodes scientifiques en science économique. Ce cours est équivalent à ECON 5209 à la Carleton University.\n",
      "Volet : Cours magistral\n",
      "ECO 6508 Analyse et contrôle des systèmes économiques dynamiques (3 crédits)\n",
      "\n",
      "Méthodes déterministes d'optimisation dynamique : applications économiques et managérielles du principe du maximum de Pontryagin et de la programmation dynamique. Méthodes stochastiques d'optimisation dynamique en temps discret : théorie de la décision Bayesienne et Markovienne, mesures de l'aversion au risque et du risque, théorie des portefeuilles, éléments de théorie de fouinage, applications économiques de la théorie du contrôle stochastique en temps discret.\n",
      "Volet : Cours magistral\n",
      "ECO 6510 Modélisation en équilibre général calculable (3 crédits)\n",
      "\n",
      "La modélisation en équilibre général calculable (MEGC) : effets distributifs des chocs et politiques économiques; fondements théoriques des modèles d'équilibre général, les étapes requises pour la spécification de ces modèles et leur résolution numérique. Compréhension des hypothèses de ces modèles et interprétation des résultats.\n",
      "Volet : Cours magistral\n",
      "ECO 6520 Théorie macroéconomique IV (3 crédits)\n",
      "\n",
      "La théorie macroéconomique, incluant des thèmes tels que la croissance économique, la consommation, l'investissement, les frictions réelles et nominales dans les marchés des biens, du travail et du crédit, les modèles de fluctuations économiques à court terme, et la formulation des politiques monétaires et fiscales. Ce cours est équivalent à ECON 5021 à la Carleton University.\n",
      "Volet : Cours magistral\n",
      "ECO 6522 Théorie microéconomique IV (3 crédits)\n",
      "\n",
      "La théorie microéconomique, incluant des thèmes tels que la maximisation de l'utilité et les choix individuels, le processus décisionnel en présence d'incertitude, la théorie du producteur (technologie, coûts, et maximisation du profit), structures de marché (concurrence, monopole, et oligopole), équilibre général, et l'économie de l'information. Ce cours est équivalent à ECON 5020 à la Carleton University.\n",
      "Volet : Cours magistral\n",
      "ECO 6530 Économie publique : Les dépenses (3 crédits)\n",
      "\n",
      "La théorie des dépenses gouvernementales. Les thèmes étudiés peuvent inclure : biens publics et externalités, assurance sociale et redistribution, provision publique de santé et d'éducation, régimes publics de pensions et d'assurance-chômage. Ce cours est équivalent à ECON 5401 à la Carleton University.\n",
      "Volet : Cours magistral\n",
      "ECO 6531 Économie publique : L'imposition (3 crédits)\n",
      "\n",
      "L'étude des systèmes fiscaux. Les concepts d'équité et d'efficacité en fiscalité. L'imposition optimale de la consommation, des revenus et des capitaux. Les thèmes étudiés peuvent aussi inclure : l'économie politique liée à la fiscalité, le soutien aux individus à bas revenus, les taxes environnementales et l'évasion fiscale. Ce cours est équivalent à ECON 5402 à la Carleton University.\n",
      "Volet : Cours magistral\n",
      "ECO 6532 Système fiscal du fédéralisme (3 crédits)\n",
      "\n",
      "Ce cours examine les aspects économiques du fédéralisme incluant la fiscalité et la redistribution des revenus et considère le système fédéral de gouvernement ainsi que les subventions intergouvernementales et les problèmes de stabilisation dans un contexte fédéral.\n",
      "Volet : Cours magistral\n",
      "ECO 6533 Thèmes choisis en économie publique (3 crédits)\n",
      "\n",
      "Les thèmes étudiés peuvent inclure : l'économie politique, l'incidence fiscale en équilibre général, la théorie et la pratique de la réforme fiscale, les approches normatives à la redistribution du revenu, la théorie de la prise de décisions non-marchandes, le secteur à but non-lucratif et la théorie du choix social. Ce cours est équivalent à ECON 5403 à la Carleton University.\n",
      "Volet : Cours magistral\n",
      "ECO 6534 Thèmes choisis en économie publique de l'environnement et des ressources (3 crédits)\n",
      "\n",
      "Les thèmes étudiés peuvent inclure : dimensions internationales de la réglementation environnementale, incluant les traités, la compétitivité, et les effets de la libéralisation des échanges; enjeux de développement, incluant la viabilité budgétaire, le mal hollandais, la malédiction des ressources, et la croissance de la population; thèmes liés aux ressources, incluant la taxation optimale, la comptabilité nationale verte, la théorie de la durabilité, et la rareté des ressources extractives. Ce cours est équivalent à ECON 5805 à la Carleton University.\n",
      "Volet : Cours magistral\n",
      "ECO 6535 Thèmes choisis en organisation industrielle (3 crédits)\n",
      "\n",
      "Les thèmes étudiés peuvent inclure les restrictions verticales et l'intégration verticale, l'innovation et la recherche et développement, l'économie des réseaux, la théorie des contrats, la théorie de la recherche, la publicité, et des études sectorielles. Ce cours est équivalent à ECON 5304 à la Carleton University.\n",
      "Volet : Cours magistral\n",
      "ECO 6540 Organisation industrielle I (3 crédits)\n",
      "\n",
      "Un examen des théories pertinentes à l'organisation industrielle et leurs applications sous forme d'études empiriques. Les thèmes incluent la théorie de l'oligopole, la différentiation du produit, et les comportements stratégiques. Ce cours est équivalent à ECON 5301 à la Carleton University.\n",
      "Volet : Cours magistral\n",
      "ECO 6542 Organisation industrielle II (3 crédits)\n",
      "\n",
      "Réglementation et politique de la concurrence comme approches alternatives pour influencer la conduite et la performance de l'industrie, et corriger les failles de marché. Les sujets étudiés peuvent inclure la réglementation incitative avec information asymétrique, la tarification fondée sur les coûts, la tarification de second rang, la tarification en période de pointe, la réglementation du taux de rendement, le plafonnement des prix, les prix d'accès, et le détournement de la réglementation. Ce cours est équivalent à ECON 5303 à la Carleton University.\n",
      "Volet : Cours magistral\n",
      "ECO 6543 Économie des ressources naturelles (3 crédits)\n",
      "\n",
      "Le concept de rente de rareté en environnements statique et dynamique. Régimes de propriété de base : libre accès, accès exclusif et propriété commune. Instruments de politiques. L'importance des coûts de transactions. Effets des régimes de propriété en équilibre général et considérations d'économie politique. Conflit. Éléments d'optimisation dynamique. Ressources renouvelables et non renouvelables. Ce cours est équivalent à ECON 5803 à la Carleton University.\n",
      "Volet : Cours magistral\n",
      "ECO 6551 Économie de l'environnement (3 crédits)\n",
      "\n",
      "L'environnement comme capital naturel; techniques  d'évaluation environnementale; comptabilité environnementale; théorie et pratique de développement  durable; questions institutionnelles et problèmes de  politique publique. Ce cours est équivalent à ECON 5804 à la Carleton University.\n",
      "Volet : Cours magistral\n",
      "Prerequisite: ECO 6150 or the permission of the Department.\n",
      "ECO 6560 Théorie et politique du commerce international (3 crédits)\n",
      "\n",
      "La théorie du commerce international et ses implications pour la politique économique sont examinées en mettant l'accent sur des sujets tels que les déterminants du commerce et de la spécialisation interne, les gains du commerce international et de la politique commerciale, la mobilité internationale des facteurs de production, croissance et développement. Ce cours est équivalent à ECON 5601 à la Carleton University.\n",
      "Volet : Cours magistral\n",
      "ECO 6561 Les flux financiers internationaux : Théorie et politique (3 crédits)\n",
      "\n",
      "La théorie monétaire internationale et ses implications pour la politique économique, en mettant l'accent sur des sujets tels que les sources d'équilibre et de déséquilibre dans la balance des paiements, l'ajustement de la balance des paiements aux conditions de taux de change fixes et fluctuants, mouvements internationaux des capitaux et problèmes récents du système monétaire international. Ce cours est équivalent à ECON 5602 à la Carleton University.\n",
      "Volet : Cours magistral\n",
      "ECO 6562 Thèmes choisis en économie internationale (3 crédits)\n",
      "\n",
      "Thèmes choisis en économie internationale, incluant l'analyse théorique, les méthodes quantitatives et la formulation, la mise en oeuvre et l'évaluation des politiques. Ce cours est équivalent à ECON 5603 à la Carleton University.\n",
      "Volet : Cours magistral\n",
      "ECO 6570 Théorie du développement économique (3 crédits)\n",
      "\n",
      "Approches théoriques du développement économique dans la littérature en relation avec les dimensions historiques, économiques, environnementales, sociales et politiques du processus de développement. Ce cours est équivalent à ECON 5500 à la Carleton University.\n",
      "Volet : Cours magistral\n",
      "ECO 6571 Aspects domestiques du développement économique (3 crédits)\n",
      "\n",
      "Analyse des problèmes majeurs du développement économique interne dont le chômage, la distribution des revenus, le choix des techniques, l'allocation sectorielle des ressources, le développement des ressources humaines et les questions environnementales domestiques. Ce cours est équivalent à ECON 5504 à la Carleton University.\n",
      "Volet : Cours magistral\n",
      "ECO 6572 Développement économique : Aspects internationaux (3 crédits)\n",
      "\n",
      "Problèmes fondamentaux du développement économique international tels que le commerce en ressources primaires et biens manufacturés, les flux financiers et la dette, le rôle des entreprises multinationales, le transfert de technologie et les dimensions internationales des questions environnementales en relation avec les pays en voie de développement. Ce cours est équivalent à ECON 5505 à la Carleton University.\n",
      "Volet : Cours magistral\n",
      "ECO 6573 Aspects environnementaux du développement économique (3 crédits)\n",
      "\n",
      "Politiques du développement durable et de la qualité de l'environnement dans les pays en voie de développement. Thèmes étudiés : l'utilisation de l'énergie, la déforestation, la sécheresse et la désertification, l'épuisement des ressources naturelles, la dette, l'environnement et la pauvreté, le développement durable dans l'industrie et l'agriculture, les politiques de conservation, le contrôle de la pollution et les problèmes de l'environnement global. Ce cours est équivalent à ECON 5507 à la Carleton University.\n",
      "Volet : Cours magistral\n",
      "ECO 6574 Économie de la santé (3 crédits)\n",
      "\n",
      "Survol des travaux classiques et de pointe du domaine de l'économie de la santé et des soins de santé.  Recherche empirique avec accent sur la théorie et la méthodologie. Le cours sera  pertinent également pour les étudiants intéressés par la recherche microéconomique empirique. Ce cours est équivalent à ECON 5460 à la Carleton University.\n",
      "Volet : Cours magistral\n",
      "ECO 6575 Microéconométrie (3 crédits)\n",
      "\n",
      "Analyse des concepts et outils utilisés en micro-économétrie avec un accent sur l'application empirique. Les thèmes pourraient inclure les modèles de choix discrets, les variables dépendantes limitées, les données de panel, les modèles de durée et l'évaluation de programmes, ainsi que des applications économiques pertinentes. Ce cours est équivalent à ECON 5712 à la Carleton University.\n",
      "Volet : Cours magistral\n",
      "Préalable: ECO 5585\n",
      "ECO 6576 Économétrie des séries chronologiques (3 crédits)\n",
      "\n",
      "Analyse des concepts et outils utilisés en économétrie des séries chronologiques avec accent sur l'application empirique. Les thèmes pourraient inclure l'analyse de cointégration, les modèles à correction d'erreur, les modèles VAR, l'analyse de volatilité et les modèles de séries chronologiques non-linéaires, ainsi que des applications économiques pertinentes. L'accent est mis sur l'application empirique avec de solides fondements économétriques. Ce cours est équivalent à ECON 5713 à la Carleton University.\n",
      "Volet : Cours magistral\n",
      "Préalable: ECO 5585\n",
      "ECO 6580 Fondements de l'économie monétaire (3 crédits)\n",
      "\n",
      "Fondements microéconomiques de la théorie monétaire. Théories alternatives de l'existence de la monnaie et les fondements microéconomiques de l'intégration de la monnaie dans les modèles macroéconomiques agrégés. Ce cours est équivalent à ECON 5606 à la Carleton University.\n",
      "Volet : Cours magistral\n",
      "ECO 6581 Thèmes choisis en économie monétaire (3 crédits)\n",
      "\n",
      "Présentation d'un ou plusieurs domaines de recherche courante à la frontière de l'économie monétaire. Ce cours est équivalent à ECON 5607 à la Carleton University.\n",
      "Volet : Cours magistral\n",
      "ECO 6582 Économie monétaire et intermédiaires financiers (3 crédits)\n",
      "\n",
      "Évolution du système financier et ses interrelations avec le processus d'offre de monnaie et avec la banque centrale. Théorie monétaire et financière et recherche empirique appliquée à l'analyse des problèmes institutionnels dans un contexte à la fois historique et contemporain. Les thèmes peuvent inclure les marchés du crédit, l'instabilité financière, les bulles, et les liens avec la politique de la banque centrale. Ce cours est équivalent à ECON 5608 à la Carleton University.\n",
      "Volet : Cours magistral\n",
      "ECO 6583 Explorations en économie monétaire (3 crédits)\n",
      "\n",
      "Explorations des aspects théoriques, des recommandations politiques et des études empiriques de la théorie monétaire. Remise en question des approches traditionnelles à travers l'examen de thèmes tels l'endogénéité de la monnaie, le rôle du crédit, l'instabilité financière, l'approche du circuit, l'analyse du flux de fonds, cohérence sectorielle stock-flux, et finance fonctionnelle. Ce cours est équivalent à ECON 5609 à la Carleton University.\n",
      "Volet : Cours magistral\n",
      "ECO 6591 Économie du travail I (3 crédits)\n",
      "\n",
      "Application de la théorie microéconomique et macroéconomique au marché du travail. Les thèmes abordés incluent l'offre et la demande de travail, la détermination des salaires, le capital humain et l'économie de l'éducation, et le chômage. Ce cours est équivalent à ECON 5361 à la Carleton University.\n",
      "Volet : Cours magistral\n",
      "ECO 6592 Économie du travail II (3 crédits)\n",
      "\n",
      "L'économie du personnel et la théorie des contrats. Les thèmes abordés incluent l'économie des syndicats, la discrimination, l'économie des ménages, le genre et la fécondité, et la mobilité de la main-d'oeuvre. Ce cours est équivalent à ECON 5362 à la Carleton University.\n",
      "Volet : Cours magistral\n",
      "ECO 6593 Thèmes avancés en économie du travail (3 crédits)\n",
      "\n",
      "Les thèmes pourraient inclure l'évaluation de programmes, les inégalités, le marché du travail et la santé, le marché du travail et la criminalité, et les estimations structurelles de modèles du marché du travail. Ce cours est équivalent à ECON 5363 à la Carleton University.\n",
      "Volet : Cours magistral\n",
      "ECO 6704 Thèmes choisis en économie appliquée (3 crédits)\n",
      "\n",
      "Étude de thèmes choisis en économie appliquée; contenu variable selon l'année.\n",
      "Volet : Cours magistral\n",
      "ECO 6900 Thèmes choisis en théorie économique / Selected Topics in Economic Theory (3 crédits / 3 units)\n",
      "\n",
      "Étude de thèmes choisis en théorie économique; contenu variable selon l'année. / Study of selected topics in economic theory; contents may change from year to year.\n",
      "Volet / Course Component: Cours magistral / Lecture\n",
      "ECO 6900S Séminaire en théorie économique I (Geo.-Raeg.) (3 crédits / 3 units)\n",
      "Volet / Course Component: Cours magistral / Lecture\n",
      "ECO 6901S Séminaire en théorie économique II / Selected Topics in Economic Theory II (3 crédits / 3 units)\n",
      "Volet / Course Component: Cours magistral / Lecture\n",
      "ECO 6904 Thèmes choisis en économie appliquée / Selected Topics in Applied Economics (3 crédits / 3 units)\n",
      "\n",
      "Étude de thèmes choisis en économie appliquée; contenu variable selon l'année. / Study of selected topics in applied economics; contents may change from year to year.\n",
      "Volet / Course Component: Cours magistral / Lecture\n",
      "ECO 6906 Thèmes choisis en politique économique / Selected Topics in Economic Policy (3 crédits / 3 units)\n",
      "\n",
      "Étude de thèmes choisis en politique économique; contenu variable selon l'année. / Study of selected topics in economic policy; contents may change from year to year.\n",
      "Volet / Course Component: Cours magistral / Lecture\n",
      "ECO 6999 Mémoire / Major Paper (6 crédits / 6 units)\n",
      "Volet / Course Component: Recherche / Research\n",
      "ECO 7002 Atelier / Workshop (6 crédits / 6 units)\n",
      "\n",
      "Ce cours est équivalent à ECON 6907 à la Carleton University. / This course is equivalent to ECON 6907 at Carleton University.\n",
      "Volet / Course Component: Cours magistral / Lecture\n",
      "ECO 7004 Atelier / Workshop (6 crédits / 6 units)\n",
      "\n",
      "Ce cours est équivalent à ECON 6908 à la Carleton University. / This course is equivalent to ECON 6908 at Carleton University.\n",
      "Volet / Course Component: Cours magistral / Lecture\n",
      "ECO 7119 Mathematical Foundations for Economic Theory (3 units)\n",
      "\n",
      "Mathematical techniques needed to understand micro- and macro-economic theory at the PhD level, and to carry out research. Real analysis. Review of static optimization. Continuous- and discrete-time dynamic optimization in deterministic and stochastic environments. Applications to economic theory are presented. This course is equivalent to ECON 6019 at Carleton University.\n",
      "Course Component: Lecture\n",
      "Prerequisites: ECO 6120 and ECO 6122\n",
      "ECO 7126 Econometrics II (3 units)\n",
      "\n",
      "Selected topics from estimating and testing the regression and simultaneous equation models. Topics include maximum likelihood estimation, statistical analysis of residuals, auto-regressive and other time-series models, multivariate regression model, and elements of asymptotic statistical theory within the context of the simultaneous equation model. This course is equivalent to ECON 6027 at Carleton University.\n",
      "Course Component: Lecture\n",
      "Prerequisite: ECO 5185\n",
      "ECO 7177 Advanced Topics in Econometrics (3 units)\n",
      "\n",
      "Coverage of one or more areas of current econometric research. This course is equivalent to ECON 6714 at Carleton University.\n",
      "Course Component: Lecture\n",
      "Prerequisite: ECO 7126.\n",
      "ECO 7526 Économétrie II (3 crédits)\n",
      "\n",
      "Thèmes choisis concernant l'estimation et les tests de modèles de régression et d'équations simultanées : estimateur du maximum de vraisemblance, analyse statistique des résidus, modèles autorégressifs et autres modèles de séries chronologiques, modèles de régressions multivariées, théorie asymptotique dans le contexte de modèles à équations simultanées. Ce cours est équivalent à ECON 6027 à la Carleton University.\n",
      "Volet : Cours magistral\n",
      "Prerequisite: ECO 5585\n",
      "ECO 7577 Thèmes avancés en économétrie (3 crédits)\n",
      "\n",
      "Étude d'un ou plusieurs domaines de recherche courante en économétrie. Ce cours est équivalent à ECON 6714 à la Carleton University.\n",
      "Volet : Cours magistral\n",
      "Préalable : ECO 7526\n",
      "ECO 7922 Théorie économique : microéconomie / Economic Theory: Microeconomics (3 crédits / 3 units)\n",
      "\n",
      "Théorie microéconomique au niveau gradué avancé, incluant des thèmes tels que la théorie des jeux, les externalités et les biens publics, l'équilibre général, et le bien être. Ce cours est équivalent à ECON 6020 à la Carleton University. / Advanced graduate-level microeconomic theory, including topics such as game theory, externalities and public goods, general equilibrium, and welfare.  This course is equivalent to ECON 6020 at Carleton University.\n",
      "Volet / Course Component: Cours magistral / Lecture\n",
      "Préalables: ECO 6522 et ECO 7119 / Prerequisites: ECO 6122 and ECO 7119\n",
      "ECO 7923 Théorie économique : macroéconomique / Economic Theory : Macroeconomics (3 crédits / 3 units)\n",
      "\n",
      "Théorie macroéconomique au niveau gradué avancé avec emphase sur les modèles d'équilibre général dynamiques. Présentation des concepts théoriques principaux et exploration de la structure de base sous-jacente à ces modèles. Application à l'étude des décisions de consommation des ménages, d'investissement des entreprises, et à la croissance économique. Ce cours est équivalent à ECON 6021 à la Carleton University. / Advanced graduate-level macroeconomic theory with particular focus on dynamic general equilibrium models. Exposition of the main theoretical concepts and exploration of the basic structure underlying these models. Application to the study of household consumption decisions, firm investment decisions, and economic growth. This course is equivalent to ECON 6021 at Carleton University.\n",
      "Volet / Course Component: Cours magistral / Lecture\n",
      "Préalables: ECO 6520 et ECO 7119 / Prerequisites: ECO 6120 and ECO 7119\n",
      "ECO 7980 Lectures dirigées / Directed  Readings (3 crédits / 3 units)\n",
      "\n",
      "Ce cours est équivalent à ECON 6904 à la Carleton University. / This course is equivalent to ECON 6904 at Carleton University.\n",
      "Volet / Course Component: Cours magistral / Lecture\n",
      "ECO 7990 Examen de synthèse en microéconomie / PhD Comprehensive Exam in Microeconomics\n",
      "\n",
      "Ce cours est équivalent à ECON 6900 à la Carleton University. / This course is equivalent to ECON 6900 at Carleton University.\n",
      "Volet / Course Component: Recherche / Research\n",
      "ECO 7991 Examen de synthèse en macroéconomie / PhD Comprehensive Exam in Macroeconomics\n",
      "\n",
      "Ce cours est équivalent à ECON 6902 à la Carleton University. / This course is equivalent to ECON 6902 at Carleton University.\n",
      "Volet / Course Component: Recherche / Research\n",
      "ECO 9990 Examen de spécialisation I / Field Exam I\n",
      "\n",
      "Ce cours est équivalent à ECON 6905 à la Carleton University. / This course is equivalent to ECON 6905 at Carleton University.\n",
      "Volet / Course Component: Recherche / Research\n",
      "ECO 9998 Examen général de doctorat / PhD Comprehensive Examination\n",
      "Volet / Course Component: Cours magistral / Lecture\n",
      "For InfoAdmission and InfoService contact information and hours, please see our customer service outlet page.\n",
      "For more information about graduate studies at the University of Ottawa, please refer to your academic unit.\n",
      "\n",
      "Print this page.\n",
      "\n",
      "The PDF will include all information unique to this page.\n"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "for item in soup.findAll(\"p\"):\n",
    "    print(item.text)"
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      "text/plain": [
       "[<p>To change text size, use the browser commands.</p>,\n",
       " <p>In the toolbar, select View &gt; Zoom &gt; Zoom In, Reset or Zoom Out. On the keyboard, press COMMAND + to zoom in, COMMAND - to zoom out or COMMAND 0 to reset.</p>,\n",
       " <p>In the toolbar, select View &gt; Zoom In,  Actual Size or Zoom Out. On the keyboard, press COMMAND + (Mac) or CTRL + (Windows) to zoom in, COMMAND - (Mac) or CTRL - (Windows) to zoom out or COMMAND 0 (Mac) or CTRL 0 (Windows) to view actual size</p>,\n",
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       " <p>The Department of Economics offers a Master of arts and a PhD in Economics. The Master of arts program includes a co-op option and the PhD program is offered jointly with Carleton University.</p>,\n",
       " <p>The programs are governed by the <a href=\"http://www.grad.uottawa.ca/Default.aspx?tabid=1807\" target=\"_blank\">general regulations</a> in effect for graduate studies of the University of Ottawa. The joint doctoral program is governed by the regulations and procedures for Joint Graduate Programs and the general regulations of the graduate faculty at each of the two universities.</p>,\n",
       " <p>The joint doctoral is offered by the departments of economics at the University of Ottawa and Carleton University.</p>,\n",
       " <p>The PhD program offers specialization for intensive study and thesis research in:</p>,\n",
       " <p>Further information about the Joint doctoral program in Economics is available from the Director of Doctoral Studies in economics at either University:</p>,\n",
       " <p>Department of Economics<br>\n",
       " Faculty of Social Sciences<br>\n",
       " University of Ottawa<br>\n",
       " Social Sciences Building<br/>\n",
       " 120, University, Room 9005<br/>\n",
       " Ottawa ON K1N 6N5<br/>\n",
       " CANADA</br></br></br></p>,\n",
       " <p><strong>or</strong></p>,\n",
       " <p>Department of Economics<br/>\n",
       " Carleton University<br/>\n",
       " 1125 Colonel By Drive<br/>\n",
       " Ottawa ON K1S 5B6<br/>\n",
       " CANADA</p>,\n",
       " <p>For the most accurate and up to date information on application deadlines, language tests and other admission requirements, please visit the <a href=\"https://www.uottawa.ca/graduate-studies/programs-admission/apply/specific-requirements\" target=\"_blank\">specific requirements</a> webpage.</p>,\n",
       " <p>An honours bachelor's degree in Economics, or the equivalent, is required for admission to the master's program. An average of at least \"B\" (70%) is required in the honours undergraduate program.</p>,\n",
       " <p>Note that the admission to the MA program is based on a competitive process and that a \"B\" average does not guarantee admission.</p>,\n",
       " <p>Applicants may, in some cases, be admitted to a qualifying program designed to bring their knowledge to the level required to pursue a master's in Economics. To proceed to the master's level, a new application must be submitted.</p>,\n",
       " <p>Proficiency in the English language is required for entry into the master's program.</p>,\n",
       " <p>Proficiency in either English or French is required. Applicants whose first language is neither English nor French, or who have not graduated from a French-speaking or an English-speaking university, must provide proof of proficiency in one or the other.</p>,\n",
       " <p>In accordance with the University of Ottawa regulation, assignments, examinations, research papers and theses can be produced in either English or French.</p>,\n",
       " <p>To be admitted into the co-op option, students must commence the MA in economics program in the fall term and be enrolled full time. Applications for the co-op option must be received by the end of the first month of the student’s enrollment in the economics program. Acceptance into the co-op option is offered on a competitive basis and is managed by the Co-op Office. Inquiries should be directed to that office.</p>,\n",
       " <p>Note(s)</p>,\n",
       " <p>6 course units may be taken outside the Department, subject to the Graduate Officer's approval.</p>,\n",
       " <p>The candidate must write a major paper (<span class=\"sc_courseinline\"><a class=\"bubblelink code\" href=\"/search/?P=ECO%206999\" onclick=\"return showCourse(this, 'ECO 6999');\" title=\"ECO 6999\">ECO 6999</a></span>) devoted to an empirical research or to a critical assessment of a theoretical question or a public policy issue under the supervision of a full-time member of the Department. The research paper will be evaluated by another professor appointed by the Department Chairperson.</p>,\n",
       " <p>Co-op students must enroll full-time and complete two work terms:</p>,\n",
       " <p>Each work term is graded P/F (pass/fail), based on the employer’s report and on the written report completed by the student. The report must be 30 pages, including appendices. The report is evaluated by the professor in charge of the graduate co-op option in Economics.</p>,\n",
       " <p>The units awarded for co-op work terms may not be used to obtain equivalences for other courses. In other words, the co-op units are additional to the minimum requirements of the degree.</p>,\n",
       " <p>To remain in the co-op option, students must:</p>,\n",
       " <p>Students enrolled in the MA program may be allowed to fast-track to the PhD program without being required to complete the Master's program. For additional information, please consult the “Admission Requirements” section of the PhD program.</p>,\n",
       " <p>Full-time students are normally expected to complete all requirements within three terms. The maximum time permitted is four years, whether full or part-time.</p>,\n",
       " <p>The passing grade in all courses is C+. Students who fail two courses (equivalent to 6 units) must withdraw from the program.</p>,\n",
       " <p>Located in the heart of Canada’s capital, a few steps away from Parliament Hill, the University of Ottawa is among Canada’s top 10 research universities.</p>,\n",
       " <p>uOttawa focuses research strengths and efforts in four Strategic Areas of Development in Research (SADRs):</p>,\n",
       " <p>With cutting-edge research, our graduate students, researchers and educators strongly influence national and international priorities.</p>,\n",
       " <p>The Faculty of Social Sciences represents a place of excellence in knowledge creation, research and training. Driven by both disciplinary and interdisciplinary perspectives, research at the Faculty is rich, innovative and varied, contributing to the depth of understanding and breadth of discussions on a variety of issues nationally and internationally.  This research, whether it be fundamental, theoretical, applied or action-oriented, is generated by our renowned expertise, ultimately culminating in applications designed to influence individual communities and the betterment of society.</p>,\n",
       " <p>We have identified five research themes which collectively represent a large proportion of the research undertaken at the Faculty of Social Sciences:</p>,\n",
       " <p><a href=\"http://socialsciences.uottawa.ca/circem/\">Centre for Interdisciplinary Research on Citizenship and Minorities (CIRCEM)</a>, <a href=\"http://www.cips-cepi.ca/\">Centre for International Policy Studies (CIPS)</a>, <a href=\"http://socialsciences.uottawa.ca/public-management-policy/\">Centre for Public Management and Policy</a>, <a href=\"http://crecs.uottawa.ca/\">Centre for Research on Educational and Community Service (CRECS)</a>, <a href=\"http://socialsciences.uottawa.ca/governance/\">Centre on Governance (COG)</a>, <a href=\"http://cdp-hrc.uottawa.ca/en\">Human Rights Research and Education Centre (affiliation)</a>, <a href=\"http://socialsciences.uottawa.ca/feminist-gender-studies/\">Institute of Feminist and Gender Studies</a> and <a href=\"https://issp.uottawa.ca/en\">Institute for Science, Society and Policy</a>.</p>,\n",
       " <p>For more information, refer to the list of faculty members and their research fields on <a href=\"https://uniweb.uottawa.ca/#!/themes/0/people\" target=\"_blank\"><strong>Uniweb</strong></a>. </p>,\n",
       " <p><strong>IMPORTANT: Candidates and students looking for professors to supervise their thesis or research project can also consult the <a href=\"https://www.uottawa.ca/graduate-studies/students/academic-unit-contact-information\">website of the faculty or department</a> of their program of choice. Uniweb does not list all professors authorized to supervise research projects at the University of Ottawa.</strong></p>,\n",
       " <p class=\"courseblocktitle noindent\"><strong>ECO 5114 Economic Growth (3 units)</strong></p>,\n",
       " <p class=\"courseblockdesc noindent\">\n",
       " Analyses of capital accumulation and income distribution; measures of technical progress, general equilibrum theory, and labour markets; growth and institutions: the State, firms, financial markets; multisectorial growth.</p>,\n",
       " <p class=\"courseblockextra noindent\"><strong>Course Component: </strong>Lecture</p>,\n",
       " <p class=\"courseblocktitle noindent\"><strong>ECO 5116 Post-Keynesian Theory of Value and Profit (3 units)</strong></p>,\n",
       " <p class=\"courseblockdesc noindent\">\n",
       " Historical perspective on the theory of the surplus. Characteristics of the post-Keynesian approach. Sraffa's contribution. Price and value theory. Theory of production and capital. Rent. Joint production. Analysis of the traverse. Applications and policy implications: intern ational trade and public finance.</p>,\n",
       " <p class=\"courseblockextra noindent\"><strong>Course Component: </strong>Lecture</p>,\n",
       " <p class=\"courseblocktitle noindent\"><strong>ECO 5185 Econometrics I (3 units)</strong></p>,\n",
       " <p class=\"courseblockdesc noindent\">\n",
       " The classical model of multiple linear regression. Relaxation of the classical least-squares assumptions: autocorrelation, heteroscedasticity and multicollinearity. Generalized least-squares estimation. Simultaneous equation models: foundation, specification, identification, and estimation. Indirect least-squares and two-stage least squares methods of estimation. Distributed-lag models. Dummy variables. Pooling cross-section and time-series data. This course is equivalent to ECON 5027 at Carleton University.</p>,\n",
       " <p class=\"courseblockextra noindent\"><strong>Course Component: </strong>Lecture</p>,\n",
       " <p class=\"courseblocktitle noindent\"><strong>ECO 5514 Croissance économique (3 crédits)</strong></p>,\n",
       " <p class=\"courseblockdesc noindent\">\n",
       " Analyses de la croissance et de la répartition; mesures du progrès technique, théorie de l'équilibre général, marchés du travail; croissance et institutions : l'état, les entreprises, le marché financier; croissance multisectorielle.</p>,\n",
       " <p class=\"courseblockextra noindent\"><strong>Volet : </strong>Cours magistral</p>,\n",
       " <p class=\"courseblocktitle noindent\"><strong>ECO 5516 Théorie post-keynésienne : Valeur et production (3 crédits)</strong></p>,\n",
       " <p class=\"courseblockdesc noindent\">\n",
       " Historique de la théorie du surplus. Caractéristiques de la méthode post-keynésienne. La contribution de Sraffa. La théorie de la valeur et des prix. La théorie de la production et du capital. La rente. La plus-value. La production jointe. Analyses de la traverse. Applications et implications politiques : commerce international et finances publiques.</p>,\n",
       " <p class=\"courseblockextra noindent\"><strong>Volet : </strong>Cours magistral</p>,\n",
       " <p class=\"courseblocktitle noindent\"><strong>ECO 5585 Économétrie I (3 crédits)</strong></p>,\n",
       " <p class=\"courseblockdesc noindent\">\n",
       " Le modèle classique de régression linéaire multiple. Abandon des postulats classiques des moindres carrés; autocorrélation, hétéroscedasticité et multicollinéarité. Moindres carrés généralisés. Modèles à plusieurs équations : fondements, spécification et identification. Méthodes d'estimation : moindres carrés indirects et doubles moindres carrés. Modèles à retards échelonnés. Variables dichotomiques. Combinaison des coupes instantanées et des séries temporelles de données. Ce cours est équivalent à ECON 5027 à la Carleton University.</p>,\n",
       " <p class=\"courseblockextra noindent\"><strong>Volet : </strong>Cours magistral</p>,\n",
       " <p class=\"courseblocktitle noindent\"><strong>ECO 6106 History of Economic Thought and Methodology (3 units)</strong></p>,\n",
       " <p class=\"courseblockdesc noindent\">\n",
       " Evolution of economic thought, from the economic doctrines of antiquity to present times; critique and appraisal of scientific methods in economics. This course is equivalent to ECON 5209 at Carleton University.</p>,\n",
       " <p class=\"courseblockextra noindent\"><strong>Course Component: </strong>Lecture</p>,\n",
       " <p class=\"courseblocktitle noindent\"><strong>ECO 6108 Economic System Design (3 units)</strong></p>,\n",
       " <p class=\"courseblockdesc noindent\">\n",
       " Deterministic dynamic optimization methods: economic and managerial applications of the maximum principle of Pontryagin and of dynamic programming. Discrete time stochastic dynamic optimization methods: Bayesian and Markovian decision theory, measures of risk-aversion and risk, portfolio theory, elements of search theory, applications of discrete time stochastic control to economics.</p>,\n",
       " <p class=\"courseblockextra noindent\"><strong>Course Component: </strong>Lecture</p>,\n",
       " <p class=\"courseblocktitle noindent\"><strong>ECO 6110 Introduction to Applied General Equilibrium Modelling (3 units)</strong></p>,\n",
       " <p class=\"courseblockdesc noindent\">\n",
       " Computable general equilibrium (CGE) modelling: impacts of economic shocks; theoretical foundations; model specification, numerical solutions. Understanding model assumptions and interpretation of results.</p>,\n",
       " <p class=\"courseblockextra noindent\"><strong>Course Component: </strong>Lecture</p>,\n",
       " <p class=\"courseblocktitle noindent\"><strong>ECO 6120 Macroeconomic Theory IV (3 units)</strong></p>,\n",
       " <p class=\"courseblockdesc noindent\">\n",
       " Macroeconomic theory, including topics such as economic growth, consumption, investment, real and nominal frictions in the goods, labour, and credit markets, models of short-run economic fluctuations, and monetary and fiscal policy design. This course is equivalent to ECON 5021 at Carleton University.</p>,\n",
       " <p class=\"courseblockextra noindent\"><strong>Course Component: </strong>Lecture</p>,\n",
       " <p class=\"courseblocktitle noindent\"><strong>ECO 6122 Microeconomic Theory IV (3 units)</strong></p>,\n",
       " <p class=\"courseblockdesc noindent\">\n",
       " Microeconomic theory, including topics such as utility maximization and individual choice, decision-making under uncertainty, producer theory (technology, costs, and profit maximization), alternative market structures (competition, monopoly, and oligopoly), general equilibrium, and the economics of information. This course is equivalent to ECON 5020 at Carleton University.</p>,\n",
       " <p class=\"courseblockextra noindent\"><strong>Course Component: </strong>Lecture</p>,\n",
       " <p class=\"courseblocktitle noindent\"><strong>ECO 6130 Public Economics: Expenditure (3 units)</strong></p>,\n",
       " <p class=\"courseblockdesc noindent\">\n",
       " The theory of public expenditures. Topics may include public goods and externalities, social insurance and redistribution, public provision of health care and education, public pension systems, and underemployment insurance. This course is equivalent to ECON 5401 at Carleton University.</p>,\n",
       " <p class=\"courseblockextra noindent\"><strong>Course Component: </strong>Lecture</p>,\n",
       " <p class=\"courseblocktitle noindent\"><strong>ECO 6131 Public Economics: Taxation (3 units)</strong></p>,\n",
       " <p class=\"courseblockdesc noindent\">\n",
       " The study of tax systems. Concepts of equity and efficiency in taxation. The optimal design of tax structures using commodity, income, and capital taxes. Additional topics may include political economy of taxation, low-income support, environmental taxes, and tax evasion. This course is equivalent to ECON 5402 at Carleton University.</p>,\n",
       " <p class=\"courseblockextra noindent\"><strong>Course Component: </strong>Lecture</p>,\n",
       " <p class=\"courseblocktitle noindent\"><strong>ECO 6132 Fiscal Federalism (3 units)</strong></p>,\n",
       " <p class=\"courseblockdesc noindent\">\n",
       " This course examines the economic aspects of federalism, including efficiency and redistribution, consideration of a federal system of government, intergovernmental grants, and problems of stabilization policy in a federal context.</p>,\n",
       " <p class=\"courseblockextra noindent\"><strong>Course Component: </strong>Lecture</p>,\n",
       " <p class=\"courseblocktitle noindent\"><strong>ECO 6133 Topics in the Theory of Public Economy (3 units)</strong></p>,\n",
       " <p class=\"courseblockdesc noindent\">\n",
       " Topics may include political economy, tax incidence in general equilibrium, the theory and practice of tax reform, normative approaches to income redistribution, the theory of non-market decision-making, the non-profit sector, and social choice theory. This course is equivalent to ECON 5403 at Carleton University.</p>,\n",
       " <p class=\"courseblockextra noindent\"><strong>Course Component: </strong>Lecture</p>,\n",
       " <p class=\"courseblocktitle noindent\"><strong>ECO 6134 Topics in Environmental and Resource Economics (3 units)</strong></p>,\n",
       " <p class=\"courseblockdesc noindent\">\n",
       " Topics may include international dimensions of environmental regulation, including treaties, competitiveness, and the effects of trade liberalization; development issues, including fiscal sustainability, Dutch disease, the resource curse, and population growth; resource topics, including optimal taxation, green national accounts, sustainability theory, and scarcity of extractive resources. This course is equivalent to ECON 5805 at Carleton University.</p>,\n",
       " <p class=\"courseblockextra noindent\"><strong>Course Component: </strong>Lecture</p>,\n",
       " <p class=\"courseblocktitle noindent\"><strong>ECO 6135 Topics in Industrial Organization (3 units)</strong></p>,\n",
       " <p class=\"courseblockdesc noindent\">\n",
       " Topics may include vertical restraints and vertical integration, innovation and research and development, network economics, contract theory, search theory and advertizing, and industry studies. This course is equivalent to ECON 5305 at Carleton University.</p>,\n",
       " <p class=\"courseblockextra noindent\"><strong>Course Component: </strong>Lecture</p>,\n",
       " <p class=\"courseblocktitle noindent\"><strong>ECO 6140 Industrial Organization I (3 units)</strong></p>,\n",
       " <p class=\"courseblockdesc noindent\">\n",
       " An examination of theories pertaining to industrial organization and their application by way of empirical studies. Topics include oligopoly theory, product differentiation, and strategic behaviour. This course is equivalent to ECON 5301 at Carleton University.</p>,\n",
       " <p class=\"courseblockextra noindent\"><strong>Course Component: </strong>Lecture</p>,\n",
       " <p class=\"courseblocktitle noindent\"><strong>ECO 6142 Industrial Organization II (3 units)</strong></p>,\n",
       " <p class=\"courseblockdesc noindent\">\n",
       " Regulation and competition policy as alternative approaches for influencing industry conduct and performance and correcting market failures. Topics may include incentive regulation under asymmetric information, cost-based pricing, second-best pricing, peak-load pricing, rate-of-return regulation, price-cap regulation, access pricing, and regulatory capture. This course is equivalent to ECON 5303 at Carleton University.</p>,\n",
       " <p class=\"courseblockextra noindent\"><strong>Course Component: </strong>Lecture</p>,\n",
       " <p class=\"courseblocktitle noindent\"><strong>ECO 6143 Economics of Natural Resources (3 units)</strong></p>,\n",
       " <p class=\"courseblockdesc noindent\">\n",
       " The concept of scarcity rents in static and dynamic settings. Basic property regimes: open access, exclusive access and common property. Policy instruments. The importance of transaction costs. General-equilibrium and political-economic aspects of property regimes. Conflict. Elements of dynamic optimization. Renewable and non-renewable resources. This course is equivalent to ECON 5803 at Carleton University.</p>,\n",
       " <p class=\"courseblockextra noindent\"><strong>Course Component: </strong>Lecture</p>,\n",
       " <p class=\"courseblocktitle noindent\"><strong>ECO 6151 Economics of the Environment (3 units)</strong></p>,\n",
       " <p class=\"courseblockdesc noindent\">\n",
       " The environment as natural capital; environmental valuation techniques; elements of environmental income accounting; sustainable development theories and practice; institutional questions and policy issues. This course is equivalent to ECON 5804 at Carleton University.</p>,\n",
       " <p class=\"courseblockextra noindent\"><strong>Course Component: </strong>Lecture</p>,\n",
       " <p class=\"courseblockextra highlight noindent\">Prerequisite: ECO 6150 or the permission of the Department</p>,\n",
       " <p class=\"courseblocktitle noindent\"><strong>ECO 6160 International Trade: Theory and Policy (3 units)</strong></p>,\n",
       " <p class=\"courseblockdesc noindent\">\n",
       " International trade theory and its implications for economic policy, with emphasis on topics such as determinants of trade and specialization, gains from trade and commercial policy, international factor mobility, growth, and development. This course is equivalent to ECON 5601 at Carleton University.</p>,\n",
       " <p class=\"courseblockextra noindent\"><strong>Course Component: </strong>Lecture</p>,\n",
       " <p class=\"courseblocktitle noindent\"><strong>ECO 6161 International Monetary Theory and Policy (3 units)</strong></p>,\n",
       " <p class=\"courseblockdesc noindent\">\n",
       " International monetary theory and its implications for economic policy, with emphasis on topics such as sources of equilibrium and disequilibrium in the balance of payments, balance-of-payments adjustment under fixed versus flexible exchange rates, international capital movements, and recent issues in the international monetary system. This course is equivalent to ECON 5602 at Carleton University.</p>,\n",
       " <p class=\"courseblockextra noindent\"><strong>Course Component: </strong>Lecture</p>,\n",
       " <p class=\"courseblocktitle noindent\"><strong>ECO 6162 Topics in International Economics (3 units)</strong></p>,\n",
       " <p class=\"courseblockdesc noindent\">\n",
       " Selected topics in international economics, including theoretical analysis, quantitative methods and policy formulation, implementation and evaluation. This course is equivalent to ECON 5603 at Carleton University.</p>,\n",
       " <p class=\"courseblockextra noindent\"><strong>Course Component: </strong>Lecture</p>,\n",
       " <p class=\"courseblocktitle noindent\"><strong>ECO 6170 Theory of Economic Development (3 units)</strong></p>,\n",
       " <p class=\"courseblockdesc noindent\">\n",
       " Theoretical approaches in the economic development literature in relation to the historical, economic, environmental, social and political dimensions of the development process. This course is equivalent to ECON 5500 at Carleton University.</p>,\n",
       " <p class=\"courseblockextra noindent\"><strong>Course Component: </strong>Lecture</p>,\n",
       " <p class=\"courseblocktitle noindent\"><strong>ECO 6171 Economic Development: Domestic Aspects (3 units)</strong></p>,\n",
       " <p class=\"courseblockdesc noindent\">\n",
       " Major domestic problems of economic development. Topics may include employment, income distribution, choice of technology, sectoral allocation of resources, human resources development, and domestic environment issues. This course is equivalent to ECON 5504 at Carleton University.</p>,\n",
       " <p class=\"courseblockextra noindent\"><strong>Course Component: </strong>Lecture</p>,\n",
       " <p class=\"courseblocktitle noindent\"><strong>ECO 6172 Economic Development: International Aspects (3 units)</strong></p>,\n",
       " <p class=\"courseblockdesc noindent\">\n",
       " Key problems of international economic development such as trade in primary commodities and manufactures, financial flow and debt, the role of multinational corporations, the transfer of technology, and the international dimensions of environmental issues as they relate to the developing countries. This course is equivalent to ECON 5505 at Carleton University.</p>,\n",
       " <p class=\"courseblockextra noindent\"><strong>Course Component: </strong>Lecture</p>,\n",
       " <p class=\"courseblocktitle noindent\"><strong>ECO 6173 Environmental Aspects of Economic Development (3 units)</strong></p>,\n",
       " <p class=\"courseblockdesc noindent\">\n",
       " Policy aspects of sustainable economic development and environmental quality in developing countries. Topics to include energy use, deforestation, drought and desertification, depletion of natural resources, debt, environment and poverty, sustainable industrial and agricultural development, conservation policies, pollution control and global environmental issues. This course is equivalent to ECON 5507 at Carleton University.</p>,\n",
       " <p class=\"courseblockextra noindent\"><strong>Course Component: </strong>Lecture</p>,\n",
       " <p class=\"courseblocktitle noindent\"><strong>ECO 6174 Health Economics (3 units)</strong></p>,\n",
       " <p class=\"courseblockdesc noindent\">\n",
       " Review of both classic and frontier work in the field of health and health care economics. Empirical work with an emphasis on theory and methodology. This course is also relevant to students interested in broader empirical microeconomic research. This course is equivalent to ECON 5460 at Carleton University.</p>,\n",
       " <p class=\"courseblockextra noindent\"><strong>Course Component: </strong>Lecture</p>,\n",
       " <p class=\"courseblocktitle noindent\"><strong>ECO 6175 Micro-Econometrics (3 units)</strong></p>,\n",
       " <p class=\"courseblockdesc noindent\">\n",
       " Analysis of the concepts and tools used in micro-econometrics with particular focus on empirical applicability. Topics may include discrete choice models, limited dependent variables, panel data, duration models, and program evaluation, together with relevant economic applications.  This course is equivalent to ECON 5712 at Carleton University.</p>,\n",
       " <p class=\"courseblockextra noindent\"><strong>Course Component: </strong>Lecture</p>,\n",
       " <p class=\"courseblockextra highlight noindent\">Prerequisite: <a class=\"bubblelink code\" href=\"/search/?P=ECO%205185\" onclick=\"return showCourse(this, 'ECO 5185');\" title=\"ECO 5185\">ECO 5185</a>.</p>,\n",
       " <p class=\"courseblocktitle noindent\"><strong>ECO 6176 Time-Series Econometrics (3 units)</strong></p>,\n",
       " <p class=\"courseblockdesc noindent\">\n",
       " Analysis of the concepts and tools used in time-series econometrics with particular focus on empirical applicability. Topics may include cointegration analysis, error-correction models, VAR models, volatility analysis, and non-linear time-series models, together with relevant economic applications. This course is equivalent to ECON 5713 at Carleton University.</p>,\n",
       " <p class=\"courseblockextra noindent\"><strong>Course Component: </strong>Lecture</p>,\n",
       " <p class=\"courseblockextra highlight noindent\">Prerequisite: <a class=\"bubblelink code\" href=\"/search/?P=ECO%205185\" onclick=\"return showCourse(this, 'ECO 5185');\" title=\"ECO 5185\">ECO 5185</a>.</p>,\n",
       " <p class=\"courseblocktitle noindent\"><strong>ECO 6180 Foundations of Monetary Economics (3 units)</strong></p>,\n",
       " <p class=\"courseblockdesc noindent\">\n",
       " Microeconomic foundations of monetary theory. Alternative theories of the existence of money and the micro-foundations for understanding how money is integrated into aggregate macroeconomic models. This course is equivalent to ECON 5606 at Carleton University.</p>,\n",
       " <p class=\"courseblockextra noindent\"><strong>Course Component: </strong>Lecture</p>,\n",
       " <p class=\"courseblocktitle noindent\"><strong>ECO 6181 Topics in Monetary Economics (3 units)</strong></p>,\n",
       " <p class=\"courseblockdesc noindent\">\n",
       " Coverage of one or more areas of current research on the frontiers of monetary economics. This course is equivalent to ECON 5607 at Carleton University.</p>,\n",
       " <p class=\"courseblockextra noindent\"><strong>Course Component: </strong>Lecture</p>,\n",
       " <p class=\"courseblocktitle noindent\"><strong>ECO 6182 Monetary Economics and Financial Intermediation (3 units)</strong></p>,\n",
       " <p class=\"courseblockdesc noindent\">\n",
       " The evolution of the financial system and its interrelationship with the money supply process. Monetary and finance theory and empirical research applied to institutional problems in both historical and contemporary settings. Topics may include credit markets, financial instability, bubbles, and links to central bank policy. This course is equivalent to ECON 5608 at Carleton University.</p>,\n",
       " <p class=\"courseblockextra noindent\"><strong>Course Component: </strong>Lecture</p>,\n",
       " <p class=\"courseblocktitle noindent\"><strong>ECO 6183 Exploration in Monetary Economics (3 units)</strong></p>,\n",
       " <p class=\"courseblockdesc noindent\">\n",
       " Explorations in theory, policy recommendations, and empirical study. Course material challenges traditional approaches by examining such topics as the endogeneity of money, the role of credit, financial instability, the circuit approach, flow-of-funds analysis, sectoral stock-flow coherence, and functional finance. This course is equivalent to ECON 5609 at Carleton University.</p>,\n",
       " <p class=\"courseblockextra noindent\"><strong>Course Component: </strong>Lecture</p>,\n",
       " <p class=\"courseblocktitle noindent\"><strong>ECO 6191 Labour Economics I (3 units)</strong></p>,\n",
       " <p class=\"courseblockdesc noindent\">\n",
       " The application of microeconomic and macroeconomic theory to the labour market. Topics include labour supply and labour demand, wage determination, human capital and the economics of education, and unemployment. This course is equivalent to ECON 5361 at Carleton University.</p>,\n",
       " <p class=\"courseblockextra noindent\"><strong>Course Component: </strong>Lecture</p>,\n",
       " <p class=\"courseblocktitle noindent\"><strong>ECO 6192 Labour Economics II (3 units)</strong></p>,\n",
       " <p class=\"courseblockdesc noindent\">\n",
       " Personnel economics and contract theory. Topics include the economics of unions, discrimination, the economics of the household, gender and fertility, and labour mobility. This course is equivalent to ECON 5362 at Carleton University.</p>,\n",
       " <p class=\"courseblockextra noindent\"><strong>Course Component: </strong>Lecture</p>,\n",
       " <p class=\"courseblocktitle noindent\"><strong>ECO 6193 Advanced Topics in Labour Economics (3 units)</strong></p>,\n",
       " <p class=\"courseblockdesc noindent\">\n",
       " Topics may include program evaluation, inequality, labour markets and health, labour markets and crime, and the structural estimation of labour market models. This course is equivalent to ECON 5363 at Carleton University.</p>,\n",
       " <p class=\"courseblockextra noindent\"><strong>Course Component: </strong>Lecture</p>,\n",
       " <p class=\"courseblocktitle noindent\"><strong>ECO 6304 Selected Topics in Applied Economics (3 units)</strong></p>,\n",
       " <p class=\"courseblockdesc noindent\">\n",
       " Study of selected topics in applied economics; contents may change from year to year.</p>,\n",
       " <p class=\"courseblockextra noindent\"><strong>Course Component: </strong>Lecture</p>,\n",
       " <p class=\"courseblocktitle noindent\"><strong>ECO 6506 Histoire de la pensée économique et de la méthodologie (3 crédits)</strong></p>,\n",
       " <p class=\"courseblockdesc noindent\">\n",
       " Évolution de la pensée économique des doctrines économiques de l'antiquité jusqu'à aujourd'hui; critique et évaluation des méthodes scientifiques en science économique. Ce cours est équivalent à ECON 5209 à la Carleton University.</p>,\n",
       " <p class=\"courseblockextra noindent\"><strong>Volet : </strong>Cours magistral</p>,\n",
       " <p class=\"courseblocktitle noindent\"><strong>ECO 6508 Analyse et contrôle des systèmes économiques dynamiques (3 crédits)</strong></p>,\n",
       " <p class=\"courseblockdesc noindent\">\n",
       " Méthodes déterministes d'optimisation dynamique : applications économiques et managérielles du principe du maximum de Pontryagin et de la programmation dynamique. Méthodes stochastiques d'optimisation dynamique en temps discret : théorie de la décision Bayesienne et Markovienne, mesures de l'aversion au risque et du risque, théorie des portefeuilles, éléments de théorie de fouinage, applications économiques de la théorie du contrôle stochastique en temps discret.</p>,\n",
       " <p class=\"courseblockextra noindent\"><strong>Volet : </strong>Cours magistral</p>,\n",
       " <p class=\"courseblocktitle noindent\"><strong>ECO 6510 Modélisation en équilibre général calculable (3 crédits)</strong></p>,\n",
       " <p class=\"courseblockdesc noindent\">\n",
       " La modélisation en équilibre général calculable (MEGC) : effets distributifs des chocs et politiques économiques; fondements théoriques des modèles d'équilibre général, les étapes requises pour la spécification de ces modèles et leur résolution numérique. Compréhension des hypothèses de ces modèles et interprétation des résultats.</p>,\n",
       " <p class=\"courseblockextra noindent\"><strong>Volet : </strong>Cours magistral</p>,\n",
       " <p class=\"courseblocktitle noindent\"><strong>ECO 6520 Théorie macroéconomique IV (3 crédits)</strong></p>,\n",
       " <p class=\"courseblockdesc noindent\">\n",
       " La théorie macroéconomique, incluant des thèmes tels que la croissance économique, la consommation, l'investissement, les frictions réelles et nominales dans les marchés des biens, du travail et du crédit, les modèles de fluctuations économiques à court terme, et la formulation des politiques monétaires et fiscales. Ce cours est équivalent à ECON 5021 à la Carleton University.</p>,\n",
       " <p class=\"courseblockextra noindent\"><strong>Volet : </strong>Cours magistral</p>,\n",
       " <p class=\"courseblocktitle noindent\"><strong>ECO 6522 Théorie microéconomique IV (3 crédits)</strong></p>,\n",
       " <p class=\"courseblockdesc noindent\">\n",
       " La théorie microéconomique, incluant des thèmes tels que la maximisation de l'utilité et les choix individuels, le processus décisionnel en présence d'incertitude, la théorie du producteur (technologie, coûts, et maximisation du profit), structures de marché (concurrence, monopole, et oligopole), équilibre général, et l'économie de l'information. Ce cours est équivalent à ECON 5020 à la Carleton University.</p>,\n",
       " <p class=\"courseblockextra noindent\"><strong>Volet : </strong>Cours magistral</p>,\n",
       " <p class=\"courseblocktitle noindent\"><strong>ECO 6530 Économie publique : Les dépenses (3 crédits)</strong></p>,\n",
       " <p class=\"courseblockdesc noindent\">\n",
       " La théorie des dépenses gouvernementales. Les thèmes étudiés peuvent inclure : biens publics et externalités, assurance sociale et redistribution, provision publique de santé et d'éducation, régimes publics de pensions et d'assurance-chômage. Ce cours est équivalent à ECON 5401 à la Carleton University.</p>,\n",
       " <p class=\"courseblockextra noindent\"><strong>Volet : </strong>Cours magistral</p>,\n",
       " <p class=\"courseblocktitle noindent\"><strong>ECO 6531 Économie publique : L'imposition (3 crédits)</strong></p>,\n",
       " <p class=\"courseblockdesc noindent\">\n",
       " L'étude des systèmes fiscaux. Les concepts d'équité et d'efficacité en fiscalité. L'imposition optimale de la consommation, des revenus et des capitaux. Les thèmes étudiés peuvent aussi inclure : l'économie politique liée à la fiscalité, le soutien aux individus à bas revenus, les taxes environnementales et l'évasion fiscale. Ce cours est équivalent à ECON 5402 à la Carleton University.</p>,\n",
       " <p class=\"courseblockextra noindent\"><strong>Volet : </strong>Cours magistral</p>,\n",
       " <p class=\"courseblocktitle noindent\"><strong>ECO 6532 Système fiscal du fédéralisme (3 crédits)</strong></p>,\n",
       " <p class=\"courseblockdesc noindent\">\n",
       " Ce cours examine les aspects économiques du fédéralisme incluant la fiscalité et la redistribution des revenus et considère le système fédéral de gouvernement ainsi que les subventions intergouvernementales et les problèmes de stabilisation dans un contexte fédéral.</p>,\n",
       " <p class=\"courseblockextra noindent\"><strong>Volet : </strong>Cours magistral</p>,\n",
       " <p class=\"courseblocktitle noindent\"><strong>ECO 6533 Thèmes choisis en économie publique (3 crédits)</strong></p>,\n",
       " <p class=\"courseblockdesc noindent\">\n",
       " Les thèmes étudiés peuvent inclure : l'économie politique, l'incidence fiscale en équilibre général, la théorie et la pratique de la réforme fiscale, les approches normatives à la redistribution du revenu, la théorie de la prise de décisions non-marchandes, le secteur à but non-lucratif et la théorie du choix social. Ce cours est équivalent à ECON 5403 à la Carleton University.</p>,\n",
       " <p class=\"courseblockextra noindent\"><strong>Volet : </strong>Cours magistral</p>,\n",
       " <p class=\"courseblocktitle noindent\"><strong>ECO 6534 Thèmes choisis en économie publique de l'environnement et des ressources (3 crédits)</strong></p>,\n",
       " <p class=\"courseblockdesc noindent\">\n",
       " Les thèmes étudiés peuvent inclure : dimensions internationales de la réglementation environnementale, incluant les traités, la compétitivité, et les effets de la libéralisation des échanges; enjeux de développement, incluant la viabilité budgétaire, le mal hollandais, la malédiction des ressources, et la croissance de la population; thèmes liés aux ressources, incluant la taxation optimale, la comptabilité nationale verte, la théorie de la durabilité, et la rareté des ressources extractives. Ce cours est équivalent à ECON 5805 à la Carleton University.</p>,\n",
       " <p class=\"courseblockextra noindent\"><strong>Volet : </strong>Cours magistral</p>,\n",
       " <p class=\"courseblocktitle noindent\"><strong>ECO 6535 Thèmes choisis en organisation industrielle (3 crédits)</strong></p>,\n",
       " <p class=\"courseblockdesc noindent\">\n",
       " Les thèmes étudiés peuvent inclure les restrictions verticales et l'intégration verticale, l'innovation et la recherche et développement, l'économie des réseaux, la théorie des contrats, la théorie de la recherche, la publicité, et des études sectorielles. Ce cours est équivalent à ECON 5304 à la Carleton University.</p>,\n",
       " <p class=\"courseblockextra noindent\"><strong>Volet : </strong>Cours magistral</p>,\n",
       " <p class=\"courseblocktitle noindent\"><strong>ECO 6540 Organisation industrielle I (3 crédits)</strong></p>,\n",
       " <p class=\"courseblockdesc noindent\">\n",
       " Un examen des théories pertinentes à l'organisation industrielle et leurs applications sous forme d'études empiriques. Les thèmes incluent la théorie de l'oligopole, la différentiation du produit, et les comportements stratégiques. Ce cours est équivalent à ECON 5301 à la Carleton University.</p>,\n",
       " <p class=\"courseblockextra noindent\"><strong>Volet : </strong>Cours magistral</p>,\n",
       " <p class=\"courseblocktitle noindent\"><strong>ECO 6542 Organisation industrielle II (3 crédits)</strong></p>,\n",
       " <p class=\"courseblockdesc noindent\">\n",
       " Réglementation et politique de la concurrence comme approches alternatives pour influencer la conduite et la performance de l'industrie, et corriger les failles de marché. Les sujets étudiés peuvent inclure la réglementation incitative avec information asymétrique, la tarification fondée sur les coûts, la tarification de second rang, la tarification en période de pointe, la réglementation du taux de rendement, le plafonnement des prix, les prix d'accès, et le détournement de la réglementation. Ce cours est équivalent à ECON 5303 à la Carleton University.</p>,\n",
       " <p class=\"courseblockextra noindent\"><strong>Volet : </strong>Cours magistral</p>,\n",
       " <p class=\"courseblocktitle noindent\"><strong>ECO 6543 Économie des ressources naturelles (3 crédits)</strong></p>,\n",
       " <p class=\"courseblockdesc noindent\">\n",
       " Le concept de rente de rareté en environnements statique et dynamique. Régimes de propriété de base : libre accès, accès exclusif et propriété commune. Instruments de politiques. L'importance des coûts de transactions. Effets des régimes de propriété en équilibre général et considérations d'économie politique. Conflit. Éléments d'optimisation dynamique. Ressources renouvelables et non renouvelables. Ce cours est équivalent à ECON 5803 à la Carleton University.</p>,\n",
       " <p class=\"courseblockextra noindent\"><strong>Volet : </strong>Cours magistral</p>,\n",
       " <p class=\"courseblocktitle noindent\"><strong>ECO 6551 Économie de l'environnement (3 crédits)</strong></p>,\n",
       " <p class=\"courseblockdesc noindent\">\n",
       " L'environnement comme capital naturel; techniques  d'évaluation environnementale; comptabilité environnementale; théorie et pratique de développement  durable; questions institutionnelles et problèmes de  politique publique. Ce cours est équivalent à ECON 5804 à la Carleton University.</p>,\n",
       " <p class=\"courseblockextra noindent\"><strong>Volet : </strong>Cours magistral</p>,\n",
       " <p class=\"courseblockextra highlight noindent\">Prerequisite: ECO 6150 or the permission of the Department.</p>,\n",
       " <p class=\"courseblocktitle noindent\"><strong>ECO 6560 Théorie et politique du commerce international (3 crédits)</strong></p>,\n",
       " <p class=\"courseblockdesc noindent\">\n",
       " La théorie du commerce international et ses implications pour la politique économique sont examinées en mettant l'accent sur des sujets tels que les déterminants du commerce et de la spécialisation interne, les gains du commerce international et de la politique commerciale, la mobilité internationale des facteurs de production, croissance et développement. Ce cours est équivalent à ECON 5601 à la Carleton University.</p>,\n",
       " <p class=\"courseblockextra noindent\"><strong>Volet : </strong>Cours magistral</p>,\n",
       " <p class=\"courseblocktitle noindent\"><strong>ECO 6561 Les flux financiers internationaux : Théorie et politique (3 crédits)</strong></p>,\n",
       " <p class=\"courseblockdesc noindent\">\n",
       " La théorie monétaire internationale et ses implications pour la politique économique, en mettant l'accent sur des sujets tels que les sources d'équilibre et de déséquilibre dans la balance des paiements, l'ajustement de la balance des paiements aux conditions de taux de change fixes et fluctuants, mouvements internationaux des capitaux et problèmes récents du système monétaire international. Ce cours est équivalent à ECON 5602 à la Carleton University.</p>,\n",
       " <p class=\"courseblockextra noindent\"><strong>Volet : </strong>Cours magistral</p>,\n",
       " <p class=\"courseblocktitle noindent\"><strong>ECO 6562 Thèmes choisis en économie internationale (3 crédits)</strong></p>,\n",
       " <p class=\"courseblockdesc noindent\">\n",
       " Thèmes choisis en économie internationale, incluant l'analyse théorique, les méthodes quantitatives et la formulation, la mise en oeuvre et l'évaluation des politiques. Ce cours est équivalent à ECON 5603 à la Carleton University.</p>,\n",
       " <p class=\"courseblockextra noindent\"><strong>Volet : </strong>Cours magistral</p>,\n",
       " <p class=\"courseblocktitle noindent\"><strong>ECO 6570 Théorie du développement économique (3 crédits)</strong></p>,\n",
       " <p class=\"courseblockdesc noindent\">\n",
       " Approches théoriques du développement économique dans la littérature en relation avec les dimensions historiques, économiques, environnementales, sociales et politiques du processus de développement. Ce cours est équivalent à ECON 5500 à la Carleton University.</p>,\n",
       " <p class=\"courseblockextra noindent\"><strong>Volet : </strong>Cours magistral</p>,\n",
       " <p class=\"courseblocktitle noindent\"><strong>ECO 6571 Aspects domestiques du développement économique (3 crédits)</strong></p>,\n",
       " <p class=\"courseblockdesc noindent\">\n",
       " Analyse des problèmes majeurs du développement économique interne dont le chômage, la distribution des revenus, le choix des techniques, l'allocation sectorielle des ressources, le développement des ressources humaines et les questions environnementales domestiques. Ce cours est équivalent à ECON 5504 à la Carleton University.</p>,\n",
       " <p class=\"courseblockextra noindent\"><strong>Volet : </strong>Cours magistral</p>,\n",
       " <p class=\"courseblocktitle noindent\"><strong>ECO 6572 Développement économique : Aspects internationaux (3 crédits)</strong></p>,\n",
       " <p class=\"courseblockdesc noindent\">\n",
       " Problèmes fondamentaux du développement économique international tels que le commerce en ressources primaires et biens manufacturés, les flux financiers et la dette, le rôle des entreprises multinationales, le transfert de technologie et les dimensions internationales des questions environnementales en relation avec les pays en voie de développement. Ce cours est équivalent à ECON 5505 à la Carleton University.</p>,\n",
       " <p class=\"courseblockextra noindent\"><strong>Volet : </strong>Cours magistral</p>,\n",
       " <p class=\"courseblocktitle noindent\"><strong>ECO 6573 Aspects environnementaux du développement économique (3 crédits)</strong></p>,\n",
       " <p class=\"courseblockdesc noindent\">\n",
       " Politiques du développement durable et de la qualité de l'environnement dans les pays en voie de développement. Thèmes étudiés : l'utilisation de l'énergie, la déforestation, la sécheresse et la désertification, l'épuisement des ressources naturelles, la dette, l'environnement et la pauvreté, le développement durable dans l'industrie et l'agriculture, les politiques de conservation, le contrôle de la pollution et les problèmes de l'environnement global. Ce cours est équivalent à ECON 5507 à la Carleton University.</p>,\n",
       " <p class=\"courseblockextra noindent\"><strong>Volet : </strong>Cours magistral</p>,\n",
       " <p class=\"courseblocktitle noindent\"><strong>ECO 6574 Économie de la santé (3 crédits)</strong></p>,\n",
       " <p class=\"courseblockdesc noindent\">\n",
       " Survol des travaux classiques et de pointe du domaine de l'économie de la santé et des soins de santé.  Recherche empirique avec accent sur la théorie et la méthodologie. Le cours sera  pertinent également pour les étudiants intéressés par la recherche microéconomique empirique. Ce cours est équivalent à ECON 5460 à la Carleton University.</p>,\n",
       " <p class=\"courseblockextra noindent\"><strong>Volet : </strong>Cours magistral</p>,\n",
       " <p class=\"courseblocktitle noindent\"><strong>ECO 6575 Microéconométrie (3 crédits)</strong></p>,\n",
       " <p class=\"courseblockdesc noindent\">\n",
       " Analyse des concepts et outils utilisés en micro-économétrie avec un accent sur l'application empirique. Les thèmes pourraient inclure les modèles de choix discrets, les variables dépendantes limitées, les données de panel, les modèles de durée et l'évaluation de programmes, ainsi que des applications économiques pertinentes. Ce cours est équivalent à ECON 5712 à la Carleton University.</p>,\n",
       " <p class=\"courseblockextra noindent\"><strong>Volet : </strong>Cours magistral</p>,\n",
       " <p class=\"courseblockextra highlight noindent\">Préalable: <a class=\"bubblelink code\" href=\"/search/?P=ECO%205585\" onclick=\"return showCourse(this, 'ECO 5585');\" title=\"ECO 5585\">ECO 5585</a></p>,\n",
       " <p class=\"courseblocktitle noindent\"><strong>ECO 6576 Économétrie des séries chronologiques (3 crédits)</strong></p>,\n",
       " <p class=\"courseblockdesc noindent\">\n",
       " Analyse des concepts et outils utilisés en économétrie des séries chronologiques avec accent sur l'application empirique. Les thèmes pourraient inclure l'analyse de cointégration, les modèles à correction d'erreur, les modèles VAR, l'analyse de volatilité et les modèles de séries chronologiques non-linéaires, ainsi que des applications économiques pertinentes. L'accent est mis sur l'application empirique avec de solides fondements économétriques. Ce cours est équivalent à ECON 5713 à la Carleton University.</p>,\n",
       " <p class=\"courseblockextra noindent\"><strong>Volet : </strong>Cours magistral</p>,\n",
       " <p class=\"courseblockextra highlight noindent\">Préalable: <a class=\"bubblelink code\" href=\"/search/?P=ECO%205585\" onclick=\"return showCourse(this, 'ECO 5585');\" title=\"ECO 5585\">ECO 5585</a></p>,\n",
       " <p class=\"courseblocktitle noindent\"><strong>ECO 6580 Fondements de l'économie monétaire (3 crédits)</strong></p>,\n",
       " <p class=\"courseblockdesc noindent\">\n",
       " Fondements microéconomiques de la théorie monétaire. Théories alternatives de l'existence de la monnaie et les fondements microéconomiques de l'intégration de la monnaie dans les modèles macroéconomiques agrégés. Ce cours est équivalent à ECON 5606 à la Carleton University.</p>,\n",
       " <p class=\"courseblockextra noindent\"><strong>Volet : </strong>Cours magistral</p>,\n",
       " <p class=\"courseblocktitle noindent\"><strong>ECO 6581 Thèmes choisis en économie monétaire (3 crédits)</strong></p>,\n",
       " <p class=\"courseblockdesc noindent\">\n",
       " Présentation d'un ou plusieurs domaines de recherche courante à la frontière de l'économie monétaire. Ce cours est équivalent à ECON 5607 à la Carleton University.</p>,\n",
       " <p class=\"courseblockextra noindent\"><strong>Volet : </strong>Cours magistral</p>,\n",
       " <p class=\"courseblocktitle noindent\"><strong>ECO 6582 Économie monétaire et intermédiaires financiers (3 crédits)</strong></p>,\n",
       " <p class=\"courseblockdesc noindent\">\n",
       " Évolution du système financier et ses interrelations avec le processus d'offre de monnaie et avec la banque centrale. Théorie monétaire et financière et recherche empirique appliquée à l'analyse des problèmes institutionnels dans un contexte à la fois historique et contemporain. Les thèmes peuvent inclure les marchés du crédit, l'instabilité financière, les bulles, et les liens avec la politique de la banque centrale. Ce cours est équivalent à ECON 5608 à la Carleton University.</p>,\n",
       " <p class=\"courseblockextra noindent\"><strong>Volet : </strong>Cours magistral</p>,\n",
       " <p class=\"courseblocktitle noindent\"><strong>ECO 6583 Explorations en économie monétaire (3 crédits)</strong></p>,\n",
       " <p class=\"courseblockdesc noindent\">\n",
       " Explorations des aspects théoriques, des recommandations politiques et des études empiriques de la théorie monétaire. Remise en question des approches traditionnelles à travers l'examen de thèmes tels l'endogénéité de la monnaie, le rôle du crédit, l'instabilité financière, l'approche du circuit, l'analyse du flux de fonds, cohérence sectorielle stock-flux, et finance fonctionnelle. Ce cours est équivalent à ECON 5609 à la Carleton University.</p>,\n",
       " <p class=\"courseblockextra noindent\"><strong>Volet : </strong>Cours magistral</p>,\n",
       " <p class=\"courseblocktitle noindent\"><strong>ECO 6591 Économie du travail I (3 crédits)</strong></p>,\n",
       " <p class=\"courseblockdesc noindent\">\n",
       " Application de la théorie microéconomique et macroéconomique au marché du travail. Les thèmes abordés incluent l'offre et la demande de travail, la détermination des salaires, le capital humain et l'économie de l'éducation, et le chômage. Ce cours est équivalent à ECON 5361 à la Carleton University.</p>,\n",
       " <p class=\"courseblockextra noindent\"><strong>Volet : </strong>Cours magistral</p>,\n",
       " <p class=\"courseblocktitle noindent\"><strong>ECO 6592 Économie du travail II (3 crédits)</strong></p>,\n",
       " <p class=\"courseblockdesc noindent\">\n",
       " L'économie du personnel et la théorie des contrats. Les thèmes abordés incluent l'économie des syndicats, la discrimination, l'économie des ménages, le genre et la fécondité, et la mobilité de la main-d'oeuvre. Ce cours est équivalent à ECON 5362 à la Carleton University.</p>,\n",
       " <p class=\"courseblockextra noindent\"><strong>Volet : </strong>Cours magistral</p>,\n",
       " <p class=\"courseblocktitle noindent\"><strong>ECO 6593 Thèmes avancés en économie du travail (3 crédits)</strong></p>,\n",
       " <p class=\"courseblockdesc noindent\">\n",
       " Les thèmes pourraient inclure l'évaluation de programmes, les inégalités, le marché du travail et la santé, le marché du travail et la criminalité, et les estimations structurelles de modèles du marché du travail. Ce cours est équivalent à ECON 5363 à la Carleton University.</p>,\n",
       " <p class=\"courseblockextra noindent\"><strong>Volet : </strong>Cours magistral</p>,\n",
       " <p class=\"courseblocktitle noindent\"><strong>ECO 6704 Thèmes choisis en économie appliquée (3 crédits)</strong></p>,\n",
       " <p class=\"courseblockdesc noindent\">\n",
       " Étude de thèmes choisis en économie appliquée; contenu variable selon l'année.</p>,\n",
       " <p class=\"courseblockextra noindent\"><strong>Volet : </strong>Cours magistral</p>,\n",
       " <p class=\"courseblocktitle noindent\"><strong>ECO 6900 Thèmes choisis en théorie économique / Selected Topics in Economic Theory (3 crédits / 3 units)</strong></p>,\n",
       " <p class=\"courseblockdesc noindent\">\n",
       " Étude de thèmes choisis en théorie économique; contenu variable selon l'année. / Study of selected topics in economic theory; contents may change from year to year.</p>,\n",
       " <p class=\"courseblockextra noindent\"><strong>Volet / Course Component: </strong>Cours magistral / Lecture</p>,\n",
       " <p class=\"courseblocktitle noindent\"><strong>ECO 6900S Séminaire en théorie économique I (Geo.-Raeg.) (3 crédits / 3 units)</strong></p>,\n",
       " <p class=\"courseblockextra noindent\"><strong>Volet / Course Component: </strong>Cours magistral / Lecture</p>,\n",
       " <p class=\"courseblocktitle noindent\"><strong>ECO 6901S Séminaire en théorie économique II / Selected Topics in Economic Theory II (3 crédits / 3 units)</strong></p>,\n",
       " <p class=\"courseblockextra noindent\"><strong>Volet / Course Component: </strong>Cours magistral / Lecture</p>,\n",
       " <p class=\"courseblocktitle noindent\"><strong>ECO 6904 Thèmes choisis en économie appliquée / Selected Topics in Applied Economics (3 crédits / 3 units)</strong></p>,\n",
       " <p class=\"courseblockdesc noindent\">\n",
       " Étude de thèmes choisis en économie appliquée; contenu variable selon l'année. / Study of selected topics in applied economics; contents may change from year to year.</p>,\n",
       " <p class=\"courseblockextra noindent\"><strong>Volet / Course Component: </strong>Cours magistral / Lecture</p>,\n",
       " <p class=\"courseblocktitle noindent\"><strong>ECO 6906 Thèmes choisis en politique économique / Selected Topics in Economic Policy (3 crédits / 3 units)</strong></p>,\n",
       " <p class=\"courseblockdesc noindent\">\n",
       " Étude de thèmes choisis en politique économique; contenu variable selon l'année. / Study of selected topics in economic policy; contents may change from year to year.</p>,\n",
       " <p class=\"courseblockextra noindent\"><strong>Volet / Course Component: </strong>Cours magistral / Lecture</p>,\n",
       " <p class=\"courseblocktitle noindent\"><strong>ECO 6999 Mémoire / Major Paper (6 crédits / 6 units)</strong></p>,\n",
       " <p class=\"courseblockextra noindent\"><strong>Volet / Course Component: </strong>Recherche / Research</p>,\n",
       " <p class=\"courseblocktitle noindent\"><strong>ECO 7002 Atelier / Workshop (6 crédits / 6 units)</strong></p>,\n",
       " <p class=\"courseblockdesc noindent\">\n",
       " Ce cours est équivalent à ECON 6907 à la Carleton University. / This course is equivalent to ECON 6907 at Carleton University.</p>,\n",
       " <p class=\"courseblockextra noindent\"><strong>Volet / Course Component: </strong>Cours magistral / Lecture</p>,\n",
       " <p class=\"courseblocktitle noindent\"><strong>ECO 7004 Atelier / Workshop (6 crédits / 6 units)</strong></p>,\n",
       " <p class=\"courseblockdesc noindent\">\n",
       " Ce cours est équivalent à ECON 6908 à la Carleton University. / This course is equivalent to ECON 6908 at Carleton University.</p>,\n",
       " <p class=\"courseblockextra noindent\"><strong>Volet / Course Component: </strong>Cours magistral / Lecture</p>,\n",
       " <p class=\"courseblocktitle noindent\"><strong>ECO 7119 Mathematical Foundations for Economic Theory (3 units)</strong></p>,\n",
       " <p class=\"courseblockdesc noindent\">\n",
       " Mathematical techniques needed to understand micro- and macro-economic theory at the PhD level, and to carry out research. Real analysis. Review of static optimization. Continuous- and discrete-time dynamic optimization in deterministic and stochastic environments. Applications to economic theory are presented. This course is equivalent to ECON 6019 at Carleton University.</p>,\n",
       " <p class=\"courseblockextra noindent\"><strong>Course Component: </strong>Lecture</p>,\n",
       " <p class=\"courseblockextra highlight noindent\">Prerequisites: <a class=\"bubblelink code\" href=\"/search/?P=ECO%206120\" onclick=\"return showCourse(this, 'ECO 6120');\" title=\"ECO 6120\">ECO 6120</a> and <a class=\"bubblelink code\" href=\"/search/?P=ECO%206122\" onclick=\"return showCourse(this, 'ECO 6122');\" title=\"ECO 6122\">ECO 6122</a></p>,\n",
       " <p class=\"courseblocktitle noindent\"><strong>ECO 7126 Econometrics II (3 units)</strong></p>,\n",
       " <p class=\"courseblockdesc noindent\">\n",
       " Selected topics from estimating and testing the regression and simultaneous equation models. Topics include maximum likelihood estimation, statistical analysis of residuals, auto-regressive and other time-series models, multivariate regression model, and elements of asymptotic statistical theory within the context of the simultaneous equation model. This course is equivalent to ECON 6027 at Carleton University.</p>,\n",
       " <p class=\"courseblockextra noindent\"><strong>Course Component: </strong>Lecture</p>,\n",
       " <p class=\"courseblockextra highlight noindent\">Prerequisite: <a class=\"bubblelink code\" href=\"/search/?P=ECO%205185\" onclick=\"return showCourse(this, 'ECO 5185');\" title=\"ECO 5185\">ECO 5185</a></p>,\n",
       " <p class=\"courseblocktitle noindent\"><strong>ECO 7177 Advanced Topics in Econometrics (3 units)</strong></p>,\n",
       " <p class=\"courseblockdesc noindent\">\n",
       " Coverage of one or more areas of current econometric research. This course is equivalent to ECON 6714 at Carleton University.</p>,\n",
       " <p class=\"courseblockextra noindent\"><strong>Course Component: </strong>Lecture</p>,\n",
       " <p class=\"courseblockextra highlight noindent\">Prerequisite: <a class=\"bubblelink code\" href=\"/search/?P=ECO%207126\" onclick=\"return showCourse(this, 'ECO 7126');\" title=\"ECO 7126\">ECO 7126</a>.</p>,\n",
       " <p class=\"courseblocktitle noindent\"><strong>ECO 7526 Économétrie II (3 crédits)</strong></p>,\n",
       " <p class=\"courseblockdesc noindent\">\n",
       " Thèmes choisis concernant l'estimation et les tests de modèles de régression et d'équations simultanées : estimateur du maximum de vraisemblance, analyse statistique des résidus, modèles autorégressifs et autres modèles de séries chronologiques, modèles de régressions multivariées, théorie asymptotique dans le contexte de modèles à équations simultanées. Ce cours est équivalent à ECON 6027 à la Carleton University.</p>,\n",
       " <p class=\"courseblockextra noindent\"><strong>Volet : </strong>Cours magistral</p>,\n",
       " <p class=\"courseblockextra highlight noindent\">Prerequisite: <a class=\"bubblelink code\" href=\"/search/?P=ECO%205585\" onclick=\"return showCourse(this, 'ECO 5585');\" title=\"ECO 5585\">ECO 5585</a></p>,\n",
       " <p class=\"courseblocktitle noindent\"><strong>ECO 7577 Thèmes avancés en économétrie (3 crédits)</strong></p>,\n",
       " <p class=\"courseblockdesc noindent\">\n",
       " Étude d'un ou plusieurs domaines de recherche courante en économétrie. Ce cours est équivalent à ECON 6714 à la Carleton University.</p>,\n",
       " <p class=\"courseblockextra noindent\"><strong>Volet : </strong>Cours magistral</p>,\n",
       " <p class=\"courseblockextra highlight noindent\">Préalable : <a class=\"bubblelink code\" href=\"/search/?P=ECO%207526\" onclick=\"return showCourse(this, 'ECO 7526');\" title=\"ECO 7526\">ECO 7526</a></p>,\n",
       " <p class=\"courseblocktitle noindent\"><strong>ECO 7922 Théorie économique : microéconomie / Economic Theory: Microeconomics (3 crédits / 3 units)</strong></p>,\n",
       " <p class=\"courseblockdesc noindent\">\n",
       " Théorie microéconomique au niveau gradué avancé, incluant des thèmes tels que la théorie des jeux, les externalités et les biens publics, l'équilibre général, et le bien être. Ce cours est équivalent à ECON 6020 à la Carleton University. / Advanced graduate-level microeconomic theory, including topics such as game theory, externalities and public goods, general equilibrium, and welfare.  This course is equivalent to ECON 6020 at Carleton University.</p>,\n",
       " <p class=\"courseblockextra noindent\"><strong>Volet / Course Component: </strong>Cours magistral / Lecture</p>,\n",
       " <p class=\"courseblockextra highlight noindent\">Préalables: <a class=\"bubblelink code\" href=\"/search/?P=ECO%206522\" onclick=\"return showCourse(this, 'ECO 6522');\" title=\"ECO 6522\">ECO 6522</a> et <a class=\"bubblelink code\" href=\"/search/?P=ECO%207119\" onclick=\"return showCourse(this, 'ECO 7119');\" title=\"ECO 7119\">ECO 7119</a> / Prerequisites: <a class=\"bubblelink code\" href=\"/search/?P=ECO%206122\" onclick=\"return showCourse(this, 'ECO 6122');\" title=\"ECO 6122\">ECO 6122</a> and <a class=\"bubblelink code\" href=\"/search/?P=ECO%207119\" onclick=\"return showCourse(this, 'ECO 7119');\" title=\"ECO 7119\">ECO 7119</a></p>,\n",
       " <p class=\"courseblocktitle noindent\"><strong>ECO 7923 Théorie économique : macroéconomique / Economic Theory : Macroeconomics (3 crédits / 3 units)</strong></p>,\n",
       " <p class=\"courseblockdesc noindent\">\n",
       " Théorie macroéconomique au niveau gradué avancé avec emphase sur les modèles d'équilibre général dynamiques. Présentation des concepts théoriques principaux et exploration de la structure de base sous-jacente à ces modèles. Application à l'étude des décisions de consommation des ménages, d'investissement des entreprises, et à la croissance économique. Ce cours est équivalent à ECON 6021 à la Carleton University. / Advanced graduate-level macroeconomic theory with particular focus on dynamic general equilibrium models. Exposition of the main theoretical concepts and exploration of the basic structure underlying these models. Application to the study of household consumption decisions, firm investment decisions, and economic growth. This course is equivalent to ECON 6021 at Carleton University.</p>,\n",
       " <p class=\"courseblockextra noindent\"><strong>Volet / Course Component: </strong>Cours magistral / Lecture</p>,\n",
       " <p class=\"courseblockextra highlight noindent\">Préalables: <a class=\"bubblelink code\" href=\"/search/?P=ECO%206520\" onclick=\"return showCourse(this, 'ECO 6520');\" title=\"ECO 6520\">ECO 6520</a> et <a class=\"bubblelink code\" href=\"/search/?P=ECO%207119\" onclick=\"return showCourse(this, 'ECO 7119');\" title=\"ECO 7119\">ECO 7119</a> / Prerequisites: <a class=\"bubblelink code\" href=\"/search/?P=ECO%206120\" onclick=\"return showCourse(this, 'ECO 6120');\" title=\"ECO 6120\">ECO 6120</a> and <a class=\"bubblelink code\" href=\"/search/?P=ECO%207119\" onclick=\"return showCourse(this, 'ECO 7119');\" title=\"ECO 7119\">ECO 7119</a></p>,\n",
       " <p class=\"courseblocktitle noindent\"><strong>ECO 7980 Lectures dirigées / Directed  Readings (3 crédits / 3 units)</strong></p>,\n",
       " <p class=\"courseblockdesc noindent\">\n",
       " Ce cours est équivalent à ECON 6904 à la Carleton University. / This course is equivalent to ECON 6904 at Carleton University.</p>,\n",
       " <p class=\"courseblockextra noindent\"><strong>Volet / Course Component: </strong>Cours magistral / Lecture</p>,\n",
       " <p class=\"courseblocktitle noindent\"><strong>ECO 7990 Examen de synthèse en microéconomie / PhD Comprehensive Exam in Microeconomics</strong></p>,\n",
       " <p class=\"courseblockdesc noindent\">\n",
       " Ce cours est équivalent à ECON 6900 à la Carleton University. / This course is equivalent to ECON 6900 at Carleton University.</p>,\n",
       " <p class=\"courseblockextra noindent\"><strong>Volet / Course Component: </strong>Recherche / Research</p>,\n",
       " <p class=\"courseblocktitle noindent\"><strong>ECO 7991 Examen de synthèse en macroéconomie / PhD Comprehensive Exam in Macroeconomics</strong></p>,\n",
       " <p class=\"courseblockdesc noindent\">\n",
       " Ce cours est équivalent à ECON 6902 à la Carleton University. / This course is equivalent to ECON 6902 at Carleton University.</p>,\n",
       " <p class=\"courseblockextra noindent\"><strong>Volet / Course Component: </strong>Recherche / Research</p>,\n",
       " <p class=\"courseblocktitle noindent\"><strong>ECO 9990 Examen de spécialisation I / Field Exam I</strong></p>,\n",
       " <p class=\"courseblockdesc noindent\">\n",
       " Ce cours est équivalent à ECON 6905 à la Carleton University. / This course is equivalent to ECON 6905 at Carleton University.</p>,\n",
       " <p class=\"courseblockextra noindent\"><strong>Volet / Course Component: </strong>Recherche / Research</p>,\n",
       " <p class=\"courseblocktitle noindent\"><strong>ECO 9998 Examen général de doctorat / PhD Comprehensive Examination</strong></p>,\n",
       " <p class=\"courseblockextra noindent\"><strong>Volet / Course Component: </strong>Cours magistral / Lecture</p>,\n",
       " <p>For InfoAdmission and InfoService contact information and hours, please see our <a href=\"http://www.uottawa.ca/strategic-enrollment-management/#service\">customer service outlet page</a>.</p>,\n",
       " <p>For more information about graduate studies at the University of Ottawa, please refer to your <a href=\"http://www.uottawa.ca/graduate-studies/contact-info\">academic unit</a>.</p>,\n",
       " <p>\n",
       " <em>Print this page.</em>\n",
       " </p>,\n",
       " <p><em>The PDF will include all information unique to this page.</em></p>]"
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