A Unity asset extractor for Python based on AssetStudio.
Next to extraction, UnityPy also supports editing Unity assets. Via the typetree structure all object types can be edited in their native forms.
# modification via dict:
raw_dict = obj.read_typetree()
# modify raw dict
obj.save_typetree(raw_dict)
# modification via parsed class
instance = obj.read()
# modify instance
obj.save(instance)If you need advice or if you want to talk about (game) data-mining, feel free to join the UnityPy Discord.
If you're using UnityPy for a commercial project, a donation to a charitable cause or a sponsorship of this project is expected.
As UnityPy is still in active development, breaking changes can happen. These changes are usually limited to minor versions (x.y) and not to patch versions (x.y.z). So in case that you don't want to actively maintain your project, make sure to make a note of the used UnityPy version in your README or add a check in your code. e.g.
if UnityPy.__version__ != '1.9.6':
raise ImportError("Invalid UnityPy version detected. Please use version 1.9.6")Python 3.7.0 or higher is required.
Install via PyPI:
pip install UnityPyInstall from source code:
git clone https://github.com/K0lb3/UnityPy.git
cd UnityPy
python -m pip install .Visual C++ Redistributable is required for the brotli dependency. In case a new(ish) Python version is used, it can happen that the C-dependencies of UnityPy might not be precompiled for this version. In such cases the user either has to report this as issue or follow the steps of this issue to compile it oneself. Another option for the user is downgrading Python to the latest version supported by UnityPy. For this see the Python version badge at the top of the README.
The C-implementation of the typetree reader can directly crash Python. In case this happens, the usage of the C-typetree reader can be disabled. Read this section for more details.
The following is a simple example.
import os
import UnityPy
def unpack_all_assets(source_folder: str, destination_folder: str):
# iterate over all files in source folder
for root, dirs, files in os.walk(source_folder):
for file_name in files:
# generate file_path
file_path = os.path.join(root, file_name)
# load that file via UnityPy.load
env = UnityPy.load(file_path)
# iterate over internal objects
for obj in env.objects:
# process specific object types
if obj.type.name in ["Texture2D", "Sprite"]:
# parse the object data
data = obj.read()
# create destination path
dest = os.path.join(destination_folder, data.name)
# make sure that the extension is correct
# you probably only want to do so with images/textures
dest, ext = os.path.splitext(dest)
dest = dest + ".png"
img = data.image
img.save(dest)
# alternative way which keeps the original path
for path,obj in env.container.items():
if obj.type.name in ["Texture2D", "Sprite"]:
data = obj.read()
# create dest based on original path
dest = os.path.join(destination_folder, *path.split("/"))
# make sure that the dir of that path exists
os.makedirs(os.path.dirname(dest), exist_ok = True)
# correct extension
dest, ext = os.path.splitext(dest)
dest = dest + ".png"
data.image.save(dest)You probably have to read Important Classes and Important Object Types to understand how it works.
Users with slightly advanced Python skills should look at UnityPy/tools/extractor.py for a more advanced example. It can also be used as a general template or as an importable tool.
Environment loads and parses the given files. It can be initialized via:
- a file path - apk files can be loaded as well
- a folder path - loads all files in that folder (bad idea for folders with a lot of files)
- a stream - e.g.,
io.BytesIO, file stream,... - a bytes object - will be loaded into a stream
UnityPy can detect if the file is a WebFile, BundleFile, Asset, or APK.
The unpacked assets will be loaded into .files, a dict consisting of asset-name : asset.
All objects of the loaded assets can be easily accessed via .objects,
which itself is a simple recursive iterator.
import io
import UnityPy
# all of the following would work
src = "file_path"
src = b"bytes"
src = io.BytesIO(b"Streamable")
env = UnityPy.load(src)
for obj in env.objects:
...
# saving an edited file
# apply modifications to the objects
# don't forget to use data.save()
...
with open(dst, "wb") as f:
f.write(env.file.save())Assets (SerializedFile class) are a container that contains multiple objects. One of these objects can be an AssetBundle, which contains a file path for some of the objects in the same asset.
All objects can be found in the .objects dict - {ID : object}.
The objects with a file path can be found in the .container dict - {path : object}.
Objects (ObjectReader class) contain the actual files, e.g., textures, text files, meshes, settings, ...
To acquire the actual data of an object it has to be read first. This happens via the .read() function. This isn't done automatically to save time because only a small part of the objects are of interest. Serialized objects can be set with raw data using .set_raw_data(data) or modified with .save() function, if supported.
Now UnityPy uses auto generated classes with some useful extension methods and properties defined in legacy_patch. You can search for a specific classes in the module UnityPy.classes with your IDE's autocompletion.
.m_Name.imageconverts the texture into aPIL.Image.m_Width- texture width (int).m_Height- texture height (int)
Export
from PIL import Image
for obj in env.objects:
if obj.type.name == "Texture2D":
# export texture
data = obj.read()
path = os.path.join(export_dir, f"{data.m_Name}.png")
data.image.save(path)
# edit texture
fp = os.path.join(replace_dir, f"{data.m_Name}.png")
pil_img = Image.open(fp)
data.image = pil_img
data.save()Sprites are part of a texture and can have a separate alpha-image as well. Unlike most other extractors (including AssetStudio), UnityPy merges those two images by itself.
.m_Name.image- converts the merged texture part into aPIL.Image.m_Width- sprite width (int).m_Height- sprite height (int)
Export
for obj in env.objects:
if obj.type.name == "Sprite":
data = obj.read()
path = os.path.join(export_dir, f"{data.m_Name}.png")
data.image.save(path)TextAssets are usually normal text files.
.m_Name.m_Script- str
Some games save binary data as TextAssets. As m_Script gets handled as str by default,
use m_Script.encode("utf-8", "surrogateescape") to retrieve the original binary data.
Export
for obj in env.objects:
if obj.type.name == "TextAsset":
# export asset
data = obj.read()
path = os.path.join(export_dir, f"{data.m_Name}.txt")
with open(path, "wb") as f:
f.write(data.m_Script.encode("utf-8", "surrogateescape"))
# edit asset
fp = os.path.join(replace_dir, f"{data.m_Name}.txt")
with open(fp, "rb") as f:
data.m_Script = f.read().decode("utf-8", "surrogateescape"))
data.save()MonoBehaviour assets are usually used to save the class instances with their values. The structure/typetree for these classes might not be contained in the asset files. In such cases see the 2nd example (TypeTreeGenerator) below.
.m_Name.m_Script
Export
import json
for obj in env.objects:
if obj.type.name == "MonoBehaviour":
# export
if obj.serialized_type.node:
# save decoded data
tree = obj.read_typetree()
fp = os.path.join(extract_dir, f"{tree['m_Name']}.json")
with open(fp, "wt", encoding = "utf8") as f:
json.dump(tree, f, ensure_ascii = False, indent = 4)
# edit
if obj.serialized_type.node:
tree = obj.read_typetree()
# apply modifications to the data within the tree
obj.save_typetree(tree)
else:
data = obj.read(check_read=False)
with open(os.path.join(replace_dir, data.m_Name)) as f:
data.save(raw_data = f.read())TypeTreeGenerator
UnityPy can generate the typetrees of MonoBehaviours from the game assemblies using an optional package, TypeTreeGeneratorAPI, which has to be installed via pip.
UnityPy will automatically try to generate the typetree of MonoBehaviours if the typetree is missing in the assets and env.typetree_generator is set.
import UnityPy
from UnityPy.helpers.TypeTreeGenerator import TypeTreeGenerator
# create generator
GAME_ROOT_DIR: str
# e.g. r"D:\Program Files (x86)\Steam\steamapps\common\Aethermancer Demo"
GAME_UNITY_VERSION: str
# you can get the version via an object
# e.g. objects[0].assets_file.unity_version
generator = TypeTreeGenerator(GAME_UNITY_VERSION)
generator.load_local_game(GAME_ROOT_DIR)
# generator.load_local_game(root_dir: str) - for a Windows game
# generator.load_dll_folder(dll_dir: str) - for mono / non-il2cpp or generated dummies
# generator.load_dll(dll: bytes)
# generator.load_il2cpp(il2cpp: bytes, metadata: bytes)
env = UnityPy.load(fp)
# assign generator to env
env.typetree_generator = generator
for obj in objects:
if obj.type.name == "MonoBehaviour":
# automatically tries to use the generator in the background if necessary
x = obj.read().samples-{sample-name : sample-data}
The samples are converted into the .wav format. The sample data is a .wav file in bytes.
clip: AudioClip
for name, data in clip.samples.items():
with open(name, "wb") as f:
f.write(data)Export
if obj.type.name == "Font":
font: Font = obj.read()
if font.m_FontData:
extension = ".ttf"
if font.m_FontData[0:4] == b"OTTO":
extension = ".otf"
with open(os.path.join(path, font.m_Name+extension), "wb") as f:
f.write(font.m_FontData).export()- mesh exported as .obj (str)
The mesh will be converted to the Wavefront .obj file format.
mesh: Mesh
with open(f"{mesh.m_Name}.obj", "wt", newline = "") as f:
# newline = "" is important
f.write(mesh.export())ALPHA-VERSION
.export(export_dir)- exports the associated mesh, materials, and textures into the given directory
The mesh and materials will be in the Wavefront formats.
mesh_renderer: Renderer
export_dir: str
if mesh_renderer.m_GameObject:
# get the name of the model
game_object = mesh_renderer.m_GameObject.read()
export_dir = os.path.join(export_dir, game_object.m_Name)
mesh_renderer.export(export_dir)WARNING - not well tested
.m_Name.imageconverts the texture2darray into aPIL.Image.m_Width- texture width (int).m_Height- texture height (int)
Export
import os
from PIL import Image
for obj in env.objects:
if obj.type.name == "Texture2DArray":
# export texture
data = obj.read()
for i, image in enumerate(data.images):
image.save(os.path.join(path, f"{data.m_Name}_{i}.png"))
# editing isn't supported yet!There're several configurations and interfaces that provide the customizability to UnityPy.
The Chinese version of Unity has its own builtin option to encrypt AssetBundles/BundleFiles. As it's a feature of Unity itself, and not a game specific protection, it is included in UnityPy as well.
To enable encryption simply use the code as follow, with key being the value that the game that loads the bundles passes to AssetBundle.SetAssetBundleDecryptKey.
import UnityPy
UnityPy.set_assetbundle_decrypt_key(key)In case UnityPy failed to detect the Unity version of the game assets, you can set a fallback version. e.g.
import UnityPy.config
UnityPy.config.FALLBACK_UNITY_VERSION = "2.5.0f5"The C-implementation of typetree reader can boost the parsing of typetree by a lot. If you want to disable it and use pure Python reader, you can put the following 2 lines in your main file.
from UnityPy.helpers import TypeTreeHelper
TypeTreeHelper.read_typetree_boost = FalseSome game assets have non-standard compression/decompression algorithm applied on the block data. If you wants to customize the compression/decompression function, you can modify the corresponding function mapping. e.g.
from UnityPy.enums.BundleFile import CompressionFlags
flag = CompressionFlags.LZHAM
from UnityPy.helpers import CompressionHelper
CompressionHelper.COMPRESSION_MAP[flag] = custom_compress
CompressionHelper.DECOMPRESSION_MAP[flag] = custom_decompresscustom_compress(data: bytes) -> bytes(where bytes can also be bytearray or memoryview)custom_decompress(data: bytes, uncompressed_size: int) -> bytes
UnityPy uses fsspec under the hood to manage all filesystem interactions. This allows using various different types of filesystems without having to change UnityPy's code. It also means that you can use your own custom filesystem to e.g. handle indirection via catalog files, load assets on demand from a server, or decrypt files.
Following methods of the filesystem have to be implemented for using it in UnityPy.
sep(not a function, just the separator as character)isfile(self, path: str) -> boolisdir(self, path: str) -> boolexists(self, path: str, **kwargs) -> boolwalk(self, path: str, **kwargs) -> Iterable[List[str], List[str], List[str]]open(self, path: str, mode: str = "rb", **kwargs) -> file("rb" mode required, "wt" required for ModelExporter)makedirs(self, path: str, exist_ok: bool = False) -> bool
First of all, thanks a lot to all contributors of UnityPy and all of its users.
Also, many thanks to:
- Perfare for creating and maintaining and every contributor of AssetStudio
- ds5678 for the TypeTreeDumps and the custom minimal Tpk format
- Razmoth for figuring out and sharing Unity CN's AssetBundle decryption (src).
- nesrak1 for figuring out the Switch texture swizzling
- xiop_13690 (discord) for figuring out unsolved issues of the ManagedReferencesRegistry