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* New `Memory` type that provides a lower-level container as an alternative to `Array`.
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`Memory` has less overhead and a faster constructor, making it a good choice for situations
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that do not need all the features of `Array` (e.g. multiple dimensions).
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Most of the `Array` type is now implemented in Julia on top of `Memory`, leading to
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significant speedups for several functions (e.g. `push!`) as well as more maintainable code ([#51319]).
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*`public` is a new keyword. Symbols marked with `public` are considered public
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API. Symbols marked with `export` are now also treated as public API. The
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difference between `public` and `export` is that `public` names do not become
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available when `using` a package/module ([#50105]).
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*`ScopedValue` implements dynamic scope with inheritance across tasks ([#50958]).
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* The new macro `Base.Cartesian.@ncallkw` is analogous to `Base.Cartesian.@ncall`,
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but allows to add keyword arguments to the function call ([#51501]).
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* Support for Unicode 15.1 ([#51799]).
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* Three new types around the idea of text with "annotations" (`Pair{Symbol, Any}`
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entries, e.g. `:lang => "en"` or `:face => :magenta`). These annotations
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are preserved across operations (e.g. string concatenation with `*`) when
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possible.
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*`AnnotatedString` is a new `AbstractString` type. It wraps an underlying
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string and allows for annotations to be attached to regions of the string.
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This type is used extensively in the new `StyledStrings` standard library to
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hold styling information.
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*`AnnotatedChar` is a new `AbstractChar` type. It wraps another char and
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holds a list of annotations that apply to it.
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*`AnnotatedIOBuffer` is a new `IO` type that mimics an `IOBuffer`, but has
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specialised `read`/`write` methods for annotated content. This can be
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thought of both as a "string builder" of sorts and also as glue between
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annotated and unannotated content.
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*`Manifest.toml` files can now be renamed in the format `Manifest-v{major}.{minor}.toml`
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to be preferentially picked up by the given julia version. i.e. in the same folder,
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a `Manifest-v1.11.toml` would be used by v1.11 and `Manifest.toml` by every other julia
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version. This makes managing environments for multiple julia versions at the same time
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easier ([#43845]).
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*`@time` now reports a count of any lock conflicts where a `ReentrantLock` had to wait, plus a new macro
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`@lock_conflicts` which returns that count ([#52883]).
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* Support for Unicode 15.1 ([#51799]).
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Language changes
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----------------
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* During precompilation, the `atexit` hooks now run before saving the output file. This
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allows users to safely tear down background state (such as closing Timers and sending
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* During precompilation, `atexit` hooks now run before saving the output file. This
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allows users to safely tear down background state (such as closing `Timer`s and sending
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disconnect notifications to heartbeat tasks) and cleanup other resources when the program
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wants to begin exiting.
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* Code coverage and malloc tracking is no longer generated during the package precompilation stage.
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Further, during these modes pkgimage caches are now used for packages that are not being tracked.
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This means that coverage testing (the default for `julia-actions/julia-runtest`) will by default use
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pkgimage caches for all other packages than the package being tested, likely meaning faster test
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execution. ([#52123])
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execution ([#52123]).
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* Specifying a path in `JULIA_DEPOT_PATH` now results in the expansion of empty strings to
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omit the default user depot ([#51448]).
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Compiler/Runtime improvements
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-----------------------------
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* Updated GC heuristics to count allocated pages instead of individual objects ([#50144]).
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* A new `LazyLibrary` type is exported from `Libdl` for use in building chained lazy library
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loads, primarily to be used within JLLs ([#50074]).
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* Added support for annotating `Base.@assume_effects` on code blocks ([#52400]).
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* The libuv library has been updated from a base of v1.44.2 to v1.48.0 ([#49937]).
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Command-line option changes
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---------------------------
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* The entry point for Julia has been standardized to `Main.main(ARGS)`. This must be explicitly opted into using the `@main` macro
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(see the docstring for further details). When opted-in, and julia is invoked to run a script or expression
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(i.e. using `julia script.jl` or `julia -e expr`), julia will subsequently run the `Main.main` function automatically.
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This is intended to unify script and compilation workflows, where code loading may happen
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in the compiler and execution of `Main.main` may happen in the resulting executable. For interactive use, there is no semantic
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difference between defining a `main` function and executing the code directly at the end of the script ([50974]).
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(see the docstring for further details). When opted-in, and `julia` is invoked to run a script or expression
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(i.e. using `julia script.jl` or `julia -e expr`), `julia` will subsequently run the `Main.main` function automatically.
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This is intended to unify script and compilation workflows, where code loading may happen
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in the compiler and execution of `Main.main` may happen in the resulting executable. For interactive use, there is no semantic
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difference between defining a `main` function and executing the code directly at the end of the script ([#50974]).
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* The `--compiled-modules` and `--pkgimages` flags can now be set to `existing`, which will
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cause Julia to consider loading existing cache files, but not to create new ones ([#50586]
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and [#52573]).
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cause Julia to consider loading existing cache files, but not to create new ones ([#50586], [#52573]).
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Multi-threading changes
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-----------------------
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*`Threads.@threads` now supports the `:greedy` scheduler, intended for non-uniform workloads ([#52096]).
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* A new exported struct `Lockable{T, L<:AbstractLock}` makes it easy to bundle a resource and its lock together ([#52898]).
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Build system changes
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--------------------
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New library functions
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---------------------
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*`in!(x, s::AbstractSet)` will return whether `x` is in `s`, and insert `x` in `s` if not.
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* Three new types around the idea of text with "annotations" (`Pair{Symbol, Any}`
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entries, e.g. `:lang => "en"` or `:face => :magenta`). These annotations
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are preserved across operations (e.g. string concatenation with `*`) when
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possible.
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*`AnnotatedString` is a new `AbstractString` type. It wraps an underlying
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string and allows for annotations to be attached to regions of the string.
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This type is used extensively in the new `StyledStrings` standard library to
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hold styling information.
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*`AnnotatedChar` is a new `AbstractChar` type. It wraps another char and
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holds a list of annotations that apply to it.
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*`AnnotatedIOBuffer` is a new `IO` type that mimics an `IOBuffer`, but has
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specialised `read`/`write` methods for annotated content. This can be
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thought of both as a "string builder" of sorts and also as glue between
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annotated and unannotated content.
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*`in!(x, s::AbstractSet)` will return whether `x` is in `s`, and insert `x` in `s` if not ([#45156], [#51636]).
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* The new `Libc.mkfifo` function wraps the `mkfifo` C function on Unix platforms ([#34587]).
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*`copyuntil(out, io, delim)` and `copyline(out, io)` copy data into an `out::IO` stream ([#48273]).
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*`eachrsplit(string, pattern)` iterates split substrings right to left.
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*`eachrsplit(string, pattern)` iterates split substrings right to left ([#51646]).
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*`Sys.username()` can be used to return the current user's username ([#51897]).
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*`wrap(Array, m::Union{MemoryRef{T}, Memory{T}}, dims)` is the safe counterpart to `unsafe_wrap` ([#52049]).
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*`GC.logging_enabled()` can be used to test whether GC logging has been enabled via `GC.enable_logging` ([#51647]).
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*`IdSet` is now exported from Base and considered public ([#53262]).
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*`@time` now reports a count of any lock conflicts where a `ReentrantLock` had to wait, plus a new macro
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`@lock_conflicts` which returns that count ([#52883]).
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* The new macro `Base.Cartesian.@ncallkw` is analogous to `Base.Cartesian.@ncall`,
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but allows adding keyword arguments to the function call ([#51501]).
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* New function `Docs.hasdoc(module, symbol)` tells whether a name has a docstring ([#52139]).
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* New function `Docs.undocumented_names(module)` returns a module's undocumented public names ([#52413]).
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New library features
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--------------------
@@ -99,24 +101,28 @@ New library features
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write the output to a stream rather than returning a string ([#48625]).
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* New methods `allequal(f, itr)` and `allunique(f, itr)` taking a predicate function ([#47679]).
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*`sizehint!(s, n)` now supports an optional `shrink` argument to disable shrinking ([#51929]).
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* New function `Docs.hasdoc(module, symbol)` tells whether a name has a docstring ([#52139]).
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* New function `Docs.undocumented_names(module)` returns a module's undocumented public names ([#52413]).
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* Passing an `IOBuffer` as a stdout argument for `Process` spawn now works as
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expected, synchronized with `wait` or `success`, so a `Base.BufferStream` is
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no longer required there for correctness to avoid data races ([#52461]).
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* After a process exits, `closewrite` will no longer be automatically called on
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the stream passed to it. Call `wait` on the process instead to ensure the
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content is fully written, then call `closewrite` manually to avoid
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data-races. Or use the callback form of `open` to have all that handled
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automatically.
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*`@timed` now additionally returns the elapsed compilation and recompilation time ([#52889])
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dataraces, or use the callback form of `open` to have all that handled
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automatically ([#52461]).
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*`@timed` now additionally returns the elapsed compilation and recompilation time ([#52889]).
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*`filter` can now act on a `NamedTuple` ([#50795]).
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*`Iterators.cycle(iter, n)` runs over `iter` a fixed number of times, instead of forever ([#47354])
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*`Iterators.cycle(iter, n)` runs over `iter` a fixed number of times, instead of forever ([#47354]).
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*`zero(::AbstractArray)` now applies recursively, so `zero([[1,2],[3,4,5]])` now produces the additive identity `[[0,0],[0,0,0]]` rather than erroring ([#38064]).
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Standard library changes
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------------------------
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* The fallback method `write(::IO, ::AbstractArray)` used to recursively call `write` on each element,
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but now writes the in-memory representation of each value. For example, `write(io, 'a':'b')` now
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writes 4 bytes for each character, instead of writing the UTF-8 representation of each character.
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The new format is compatible with that used by `Array`, making it possible to use `read!` to get
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the data back ([#42593]).
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#### StyledStrings
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* A new standard library for handling styling in a more comprehensive and structured way ([#49586]).
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uses `JuliaSyntax` and `StyledStrings` to implement a `highlight` function
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that creates an `AnnotatedString` with syntax highlighting applied.
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#### Package Manager
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#### Libdl
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* A new `LazyLibrary` type is exported from `Libdl` for use in building chained lazy library
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loads, primarily to be used within JLLs ([#50074]).
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#### LinearAlgebra
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*`cbrt(::AbstractMatrix{<:Real})` is now defined and returns real-valued matrix cube roots of real-valued matrices ([#50661]).
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*`eigvals/eigen(A, bunchkaufman(B))` and `eigvals/eigen(A, lu(B))`, which utilize the Bunchkaufman (LDL) and LU decomposition of `B`,
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respectively, now efficiently compute the generalized eigenvalues (`eigen`: and eigenvectors) of `A` and `B`. Note: The second
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*`lu` and `issuccess(::LU)` now accept an `allowsingular` keyword argument. When set to `true`, a valid factorization with rank-deficient U factor will be treated as success instead of throwing an error. Such factorizations are now shown by printing the factors together with a "rank-deficient" note rather than printing a "Failed Factorization" message ([#52957]).
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#### Logging
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* New `@create_log_macro` macro for creating new log macros like `@info`, `@warn` etc. For instance
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`@create_log_macro MyLog 1500 :magenta` will create `@mylog` to be used like `@mylog "hello"` which
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will show as `┌ MyLog: hello` etc. ([#52196])
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#### Printf
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#### Profile
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will show as `┌ MyLog: hello` etc. ([#52196]).
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#### Random
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*`rand` now supports sampling over `Tuple` types ([#35856], [#50251]).
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*`rand` now supports sampling over `Pair` types ([#28705]).
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* When seeding RNGs provided by `Random`, negative integer seeds can now be used ([#51416]).
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end
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``` ([#51229]).
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* Meta-M with an empty prompt now toggles the contextual module between the previous non-Main
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contextual module and Main so that switching back and forth is simple. ([#51616], [#52670])
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#### SuiteSparse
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#### SparseArrays
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#### Test
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contextual module and Main so that switching back and forth is simple ([#51616], [#52670]).
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#### Dates
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The undocumented function `adjust` is no longer exported but is now documented
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The undocumented function `adjust` is no longer exported but is now documented ([#53092]).
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#### Statistics
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@@ -196,23 +197,16 @@ The undocumented function `adjust` is no longer exported but is now documented
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* `pmap` now defaults to using a `CachingPool` ([#33892]).
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#### Unicode
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#### DelimitedFiles
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#### InteractiveUtils
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Deprecated or removed
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---------------------
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* `Base.map`, `Iterators.map`, and `foreach` lost their single-argument methods ([#52631]).
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External dependencies
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---------------------
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* `tput` is no longer called to check terminal capabilities, it has been replaced with a pure-Julia terminfo parser ([#50797]).
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* The libuv library has been updated from a base of v1.44.2 to v1.48.0 ([#49937]).
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* `tput` is no longer called to check terminal capabilities; it has been replaced with a pure-Julia terminfo parser ([#50797]).
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Tooling Improvements
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--------------------
@@ -222,3 +216,65 @@ Tooling Improvements
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runs on PRs that edit those same files ([#51704]).
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