Make Rust first-transaction example in dev docs site use the Rust SDK (aptos-labs#2870)

* Update first transaction tutorial with TS SDK

* Make Rust first-transaction example in dev docs site use the Rust SDK

Author: banool

Cargo.lock

@@ -0,0 +1,15 @@
+---
+title: "Rust SDK"
+slug: "rust-sdk"
+---
+
+# Aptos Rust SDK
+
+Aptos provides an official Rust SDK. The Rust SDK is tested carefully, though it isn't as popular as the [Typescript SDK](/sdks/typescript-sdk).
+
+For now the best way to use the Rust SDK is to add a dependency on the git repo directly, like this:
+```toml
+aptos-sdk = { git = "https://github.com/aptos-labs/aptos-core", branch = "devnet" }
+```
+
+The source code is available in the [aptos-core GitHub repository](https://github.com/aptos-labs/aptos-core/tree/main/sdk).

developer-docs-site/docs/sdks/rust-sdk.md

@@ -15,7 +15,7 @@ This tutorial introduces the Aptos SDKs and how to generate, submit, and verify
 
 * [Official Aptos Typescript SDK][typescript-sdk]
 * [Official Aptos Python SDK][python-sdk]
-* Official Aptos Rust SDK — *TBA*
+* [Official Aptos Rust SDK][rust-sdk]
 
 ## Step 2: Run the Example
 
@@ -63,7 +63,15 @@ git clone [email protected]:aptos-labs/aptos-core.git ~/aptos-core
   </TabItem>
   <TabItem value="rust" label="Rust">
 
-In progress.
+  Navigate to the Rust SDK directory:
+  ```sh
+  cd ~/aptos-core/sdk
+  ```
+
+  Run the `transfer-coin` example:
+  ```sh
+  cargo run --example transfer-coin
+  ```
   </TabItem>
 </Tabs>
 
@@ -96,7 +104,7 @@ The above output demonstrates that the `transfer-coin` example executes the foll
   * The funding and creation of Alice's account from a faucet.
   * The creation of Bob's account from a faucet.
 * The transferring of 1000 coins from Alice to Bob.
-* The 4 coins of gas paid for by Alice to make that tansfer.
+* The 4 coins of gas paid for by Alice to make that transfer.
 * Another transfer of 1000 coins from Alice to Bob.
 * The additional 4 coins of gas paid for by Alice to make that transfer.
 
@@ -106,9 +114,26 @@ Next, see below a walk-through of the Python SDK functions that are used to acco
 
 The `transfer-coin` example code uses helper functions to interact with the [REST API][rest_spec]. This section reviews each of the calls and gives insights into functionality.
 
-:::tip See the example full listing
-See the [`transfer-coin`](https://github.com/aptos-labs/aptos-core/blob/main/ecosystem/python/sdk/examples/transfer-coin.py) for the complete code as you follow the below steps.
+<Tabs groupId="sdk-examples">
+  <TabItem value="typescript" label="Typescript">
+
+:::tip See the full example
+See [`transfer-coin`](https://github.com/aptos-labs/aptos-core/blob/main/ecosystem/typescript/sdk/examples/typescript/transfer_coin.ts) for the complete code as you follow the below steps.
 :::
+  </TabItem>
+  <TabItem value="python" label="Python">
+
+:::tip See the full example
+See [`transfer-coin`](https://github.com/aptos-labs/aptos-core/blob/main/ecosystem/python/sdk/examples/transfer-coin.py) for the complete code as you follow the below steps.
+:::
+  </TabItem>
+  <TabItem value="rust" label="Rust">
+
+:::tip See the full example
+See [`transfer-coin`](https://github.com/aptos-labs/aptos-core/blob/main/sdk/examples/transfer-coin.rs) for the complete code as you follow the below steps.
+:::
+  </TabItem>
+</Tabs>
 
 ### Step 4.1: Initializing the Clients
 
@@ -148,15 +173,27 @@ The [`common.py`](https://github.com/aptos-labs/aptos-core/tree/main/ecosystem/p
   </TabItem>
   <TabItem value="rust" label="Rust">
 
-In progress.
+```rust
+:!: static/sdks/rust/examples/transfer-coin.rs section_1a
+```
+
+Using the API client we can create a `CoinClient`, which we use for common coin operations such as transferring coins and checking balances.
+```rust
+:!: static/sdks/rust/examples/transfer-coin.rs section_1b
+```
+
+In the example we initialize the URL values as such:
+```rust
+:!: static/sdks/rust/examples/transfer-coin.rs section_1c
+```
   </TabItem>
 </Tabs>
 
 :::tip
 
 By default the URLs for both the services point to Aptos devnet services. However, they can be configured with the following environment variables:
-  - `APTOS_NODE_URL` and
-  - `APTOS_FAUCET_URL`.
+  - `APTOS_NODE_URL`
+  - `APTOS_FAUCET_URL`
 :::
 
 ### Step 4.2: Creating local accounts
@@ -178,7 +215,9 @@ The next step is to create two accounts locally. [Accounts][account_basics] repr
   </TabItem>
   <TabItem value="rust" label="Rust">
 
-In progress.
+```rust
+:!: static/sdks/rust/examples/transfer-coin.rs section_2
+```
   </TabItem>
 </Tabs>
 
@@ -201,7 +240,9 @@ In Aptos, each account must have an on-chain representation in order to support
   </TabItem>
   <TabItem value="rust" label="Rust">
 
-In progress.
+```rust
+:!: static/sdks/rust/examples/transfer-coin.rs section_3
+```
   </TabItem>
 </Tabs>
 
@@ -239,7 +280,16 @@ def account_balance(self, account_address: str) -> int:
   </TabItem>
   <TabItem value="rust" label="Rust">
 
-In progress.
+```rust
+:!: static/sdks/rust/examples/transfer-coin.rs section_4
+```
+
+Behind the scenes, the SDK queries the CoinStore resource for the AptosCoin and reads the current stored value:
+```rust
+let balance = self
+    .get_account_resource(address, "0x1::coin::CoinStore<0x1::aptos_coin::AptosCoin>")
+    .await?;
+```
   </TabItem>
 </Tabs>
 
@@ -292,7 +342,23 @@ Breaking the above down into pieces:
   </TabItem>
   <TabItem value="rust" label="Rust">
 
-In progress.
+```rust
+:!: static/sdks/rust/examples/transfer-coin.rs section_5
+```
+
+Behind the scenes the Rust SDK generates, signs, and submits a transaction:
+```rust
+:!: static/sdks/rust/src/coin_client.rs section_1
+```
+
+Breaking the above down into pieces:
+1. First, we fetch the chain ID, necessary for building the transaction payload.
+1. `transfer` internally is a `EntryFunction` in the [Coin Move module](https://github.com/aptos-labs/aptos-core/blob/main/aptos-move/framework/aptos-framework/sources/coin.move#L412), i.e. an entry function in Move that is directly callable.
+1. The Move function is stored on the coin module: `0x1::coin`.
+1. Because the Coin module can be used by other coins, the transfer must explicitly use a `TypeTag` to define which coin to transfer.
+1. The transaction arguments, such as `to_account` and `amount`, must be encoded as BCS to use with the `TransactionBuilder`.
+
+
   </TabItem>
 </Tabs>
 
@@ -319,11 +385,16 @@ The transaction hash can be used to query the status of a transaction:
   </TabItem>
   <TabItem value="rust" label="Rust">
 
-In progress.
+The transaction hash can be used to query the status of a transaction:
+
+```rust
+:!: static/sdks/rust/examples/transfer-coin.rs section_6
+```
   </TabItem>
 </Tabs>
 
 [account_basics]: /concepts/basics-accounts
-[python-sdk]: /sdks/python-sdk
 [typescript-sdk]: /sdks/typescript-sdk
+[python-sdk]: /sdks/python-sdk
+[rust-sdk]: /sdks/rust-sdk
 [rest_spec]: https://fullnode.devnet.aptoslabs.com/v1/spec#/

developer-docs-site/docs/tutorials/first-transaction-sdk.md

@@ -148,7 +148,13 @@ const sidebars = {
       label: "SDKs",
       collapsible: true,
       collapsed: true,
-      items: ["sdks/typescript-sdk", "sdks/aptos-sdk-overview", "sdks/transactions-with-ts-sdk", "sdks/python-sdk"],
+      items: [
+        "sdks/aptos-sdk-overview",
+        "sdks/typescript-sdk",
+        "sdks/transactions-with-ts-sdk",
+        "sdks/python-sdk",
+        "sdks/rust-sdk",
+      ],
     },
     {
       type: "category",

developer-docs-site/sidebars.js

@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+../../../sdk/

developer-docs-site/static/sdks/rust

@@ -10,6 +10,7 @@ publish = false
 edition = "2018"
 
 [dependencies]
+anyhow = "1.0.57"
 aptos-crypto = { path = "../crates/aptos-crypto" }
 aptos-rest-client = { path = "../crates/aptos-rest-client" }
 aptos-types = { path = "../types" }
@@ -18,3 +19,10 @@ cached-packages = { path = "../aptos-move/framework/cached-packages" }
 move-deps = { path = "../aptos-move/move-deps", features = ["address32"] }
 rand_core = "0.5.1"
 serde = { version = "1.0.137", features = ["derive"] }
+
+# Used by the examples.
+[dev-dependencies]
+once_cell = "1.13.0"
+rand = "0.7.3"
+tokio = { version = "1.18.2", features = ["macros", "rt-multi-thread"] }
+url = "2.2.2"

sdk/Cargo.toml

@@ -0,0 +1,139 @@
+// Copyright (c) Aptos
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0
+
+use anyhow::{Context, Result};
+use aptos_sdk::coin_client::CoinClient;
+use aptos_sdk::rest_client::{Client, FaucetClient};
+use aptos_sdk::types::LocalAccount;
+use once_cell::sync::Lazy;
+use std::str::FromStr;
+use url::Url;
+
+// :!:>section_1c
+static NODE_URL: Lazy<Url> = Lazy::new(|| {
+    Url::from_str(
+        std::env::var("APTOS_NODE_URL")
+            .as_ref()
+            .map(|s| s.as_str())
+            .unwrap_or("https://fullnode.devnet.aptoslabs.com"),
+    )
+    .unwrap()
+});
+
+static FAUCET_URL: Lazy<Url> = Lazy::new(|| {
+    Url::from_str(
+        std::env::var("APTOS_FAUCET_URL")
+            .as_ref()
+            .map(|s| s.as_str())
+            .unwrap_or("https://faucet.devnet.aptoslabs.com"),
+    )
+    .unwrap()
+});
+// <:!:section_1c
+
+#[tokio::main]
+async fn main() -> Result<()> {
+    // :!:>section_1a
+    let rest_client = Client::new(NODE_URL.clone());
+    let faucet_client = FaucetClient::new(FAUCET_URL.clone(), NODE_URL.clone()); // <:!:section_1a
+
+    // :!:>section_1b
+    let coin_client = CoinClient::new(&rest_client); // <:!:section_1b
+
+    // Create two accounts locally, Alice and Bob.
+    // :!:>section_2
+    let mut alice = LocalAccount::generate(&mut rand::rngs::OsRng);
+    let bob = LocalAccount::generate(&mut rand::rngs::OsRng); // <:!:section_2
+
+    // Print account addresses.
+    println!("\n=== Addresses ===");
+    println!("Alice: {}", alice.address().to_hex_literal());
+    println!("Bob: {}", bob.address().to_hex_literal());
+
+    // Create the accounts on chain, but only fund Alice.
+    // :!:>section_3
+    faucet_client
+        .fund(alice.address(), 20_000)
+        .await
+        .context("Failed to fund Alice's account")?;
+    faucet_client
+        .create_account(bob.address())
+        .await
+        .context("Failed to fund Bob's account")?; // <:!:section_3
+
+    // Print initial balances.
+    println!("\n=== Initial Balances ===");
+    println!(
+        "Alice: {:?}",
+        coin_client
+            .get_account_balance(&alice.address())
+            .await
+            .context("Failed to get Alice's account balance")?
+    );
+    println!(
+        "Bob: {:?}",
+        coin_client
+            .get_account_balance(&bob.address())
+            .await
+            .context("Failed to get Bob's account balance")?
+    );
+
+    // Have Alice send Bob some coins.
+    let txn_hash = coin_client
+        .transfer(&mut alice, bob.address(), 1_000, None)
+        .await
+        .context("Failed to submit transaction to transfer coins")?;
+    rest_client
+        .wait_for_transaction(&txn_hash)
+        .await
+        .context("Failed when waiting for the transfer transaction")?;
+
+    // Print intermediate balances.
+    println!("\n=== Intermediate Balances ===");
+    // :!:>section_4
+    println!(
+        "Alice: {:?}",
+        coin_client
+            .get_account_balance(&alice.address())
+            .await
+            .context("Failed to get Alice's account balance the second time")?
+    );
+    println!(
+        "Bob: {:?}",
+        coin_client
+            .get_account_balance(&bob.address())
+            .await
+            .context("Failed to get Bob's account balance the second time")?
+    ); // <:!:section_4
+
+    // Have Alice send Bob some more coins.
+    // :!:>section_5
+    let txn_hash = coin_client
+        .transfer(&mut alice, bob.address(), 1_000, None)
+        .await
+        .context("Failed to submit transaction to transfer coins")?; // <:!:section_5
+                                                                     // :!:>section_6
+    rest_client
+        .wait_for_transaction(&txn_hash)
+        .await
+        .context("Failed when waiting for the transfer transaction")?; // <:!:section_6
+
+    // Print final balances.
+    println!("\n=== Final Balances ===");
+    println!(
+        "Alice: {:?}",
+        coin_client
+            .get_account_balance(&alice.address())
+            .await
+            .context("Failed to get Alice's account balance the second time")?
+    );
+    println!(
+        "Bob: {:?}",
+        coin_client
+            .get_account_balance(&bob.address())
+            .await
+            .context("Failed to get Bob's account balance the second time")?
+    );
+
+    Ok(())
+}